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Moon China

China Speeds Up Moon Base Plan in Space Race Against America (space.com) 146

"China has formally approved three missions targeting the south pole of the moon, with the first to launch around 2024..." reports Space.com, "each with different goals and an array of spacecraft." The trio make up the so-called fourth phase for the Chinese lunar exploration program, which most recently landed on the moon last December with a sample-return mission dubbed Chang'e 5. Wu Yanhua, deputy head of the China National Space Administration (CNSA), told China Central Television (CCTV) in a recent interview that the three missions had been approved.

Chang'e 7 will be the first to launch; Wu did not provide a timeline, but previous reporting indicates a hoped-for launch around 2024, with the mission to include an orbiter, a relay satellite, a lander, a rover and a "mini flying craft" designed to seek out evidence of ice at the lunar south pole. The various component spacecraft will carry a range of science instruments including cameras, a radar instrument, an infrared spectrum mineral imager, a thermometer, a seismograph and a water-molecule analyzer; the mission will tackle goals including remote sensing, identifying resources and conducting a comprehensive study of the lunar environment...

Chang'e 8 will launch later this decade and will be a step toward establishing a joint International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) with Russia and potentially other partners. The mission is expected to test technology for using local resources and manufacturing with 3D printing, according to earlier Chinese press statements.... The ILRS plan includes development of a robotic base which can be later expanded to allow astronauts to make long-term stays on the lunar surface in the 2030s.

China had previously scheduled their lunar research station for the year 2035, reports the South China Morning Post. The newspaper cites concerns from Zhang Chongfeng, deputy chief designer of China's manned space programme, that America's space program might ultimately seize common land on the moon. The US government and Nasa have proposed the Artemis Accords to set rules for future lunar activities. Already signed by more than a dozen US allies, the accords allow governments or private companies to protect their facilities or "heritage sites" by setting up safety zones that forbid the entry of others. China and Russia are opposed to the accords because this challenges the existing international protocols including the UN's Moon Agreement, which states that the moon belongs to the entire human race, not a certain party, according to Zhang.

But to effectively counter the US on the moon, China would have to "take some forward-looking measures and deploy them ahead of schedule", he said in a paper published in domestic peer-reviewed journal Aerospace Shanghai in June... Instead of building an orbiting "gateway", China would directly put a nuclear-powered research station on the moon. The unmanned facility would allow visiting Chinese astronauts to stay on the moon for as long as their American peers but only at a fraction of the cost. To counter the US territorial claims, China would also deploy a mobile station. This moon base on wheels would be able to roam freely on the lunar surface for over 1,000km, and the use of artificial intelligence technology would mean astronauts need not be present for its operation.

And, unlike the American programme, which focuses on surface activities, China would pay a great deal of attention to the exploration of caves, which could provide a natural shelter for the construction of permanent settlements.

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China Speeds Up Moon Base Plan in Space Race Against America

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  • Well Well!! (Score:5, Funny)

    by oldgraybeard ( 2939809 ) on Saturday January 01, 2022 @09:37PM (#62135005)
    This just might get things moving.
    • nasa contractors need the boost!

    • by ArmoredDragon ( 3450605 ) on Saturday January 01, 2022 @10:35PM (#62135083)

      It would be easy to stop though, just paint a big picture of Winnie the Pooh on the moon and then China will forbid everybody in the country from ever talking about the moon again.

    • No, let'em spend on ego toys. Instead let's send bots to far off places such as the nearest star system planets using nuclear power, float a boat-bot on Titan lakes, etc. etc. That's more interesting both scientifically and aesthetically.

      • You do know that having a moonbase would make things like that much easier. Using the moon as a portal would be the step forward into more and better space exploration.
      • No, let'em spend on ego toys. Instead let's send bots to far off places such as the nearest star system planets using nuclear power, float a boat-bot on Titan lakes, etc. etc. That's more interesting both scientifically and aesthetically.

        I'm pretty sure they can spend on whatever toys they want to play with, it's not our call. I mean we could theoretically stop Jeff Bezos from building a rocket shaped like his wang and playing pretend astronaut but we did not and should not.

    • Re:Well Well!! (Score:5, Interesting)

      by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) on Sunday January 02, 2022 @06:28AM (#62135557) Homepage Journal

      Back in the early 60s JFK wanted to work with the USSR on a joint moon mission. The idea was to share technology (and cost), with each country building its own spacecraft that would meet up in lunar orbit. An American and a Russian would go down to the surface together.

      It's a real shame that his vision died with him, and that the US won't work with China.

      • We've already seen plenty of examples of what happens to companies that open up too much of their own knowledge to China. If we care about achieving a goal for humanity may as well just give them the technology we have and let them use it. Cooperation is just a slower form of the same with some kind of expectations that won't be met.
      • The Russian moon rocket program failed to deliver anything more than spectacular explosions.
        • by cusco ( 717999 )

          Really? You've forgotten the first soft landing on another celestial body? The first images of the far side? The first robot rovers? The first sample-return missions?

        • Not so simple, they were quite close to beat US, they had the first soft landing, the first unmanned Moon flyby, just their Almaz (?) capsule failed on reentry (this delayed their human flyby - for which they didn't need N1), so the Apollo 8 got the chance to have the first flyby (which it was not meant originally), just due to launch windows, US new it would probably be the only chance. And the Apollo 8 crew not only went for the flyby, but for the full Lunar orbit insertion - a brave bunch - and the rest

    • This just might get things moving.

      Indeed. Though AFAIK China still has neither rocket nor spaceship, though working on it. To be fair US doesn't have a rocket either - to be precise - not a tested one, because SLS is waiting assembled for it's launch.

      I just wonder if it's just about securing the location or their robots found something interesting worth speeding up a human mission.

  • by Anonymous Coward

    It'll be interesting to see what repressive and sleazy ways the Chinese Communist Party ruins the moon.

    Will they invade lunar Taiwan for choosing democracy and manufacturing higher quality semiconductors?

    Will the make American astronauts' on Chinese payrolls deliver creepy hostage videos where they apologize for mentioning Taiwan as the independent nation that it is?

    II's time to put China in its place on earth before it ruins the moon.

  • Go China. Make some lunar islands.
  • Well, we've lacked motivation beyond tribal dominance, so i guess this is the best of us.

    Pray tell, could the billionaires change the game?

    • Re: (Score:1, Informative)

      Pray tell, could the billionaires change the game?

      In a sense, Elon Musk already has by heavily reducing the cost of rocket launches for the US, in addition to very quickly restoring our ability to put actual humans back in space after the end of the Space Shuttle program.

      Though in the process of doing both, he really pissed off Bernie Sanders, who is still angry about the US winning the space race, and wishes all of that money would have gone towards forming the worlds biggest bread line instead.

      • Pray tell, could the billionaires change the game?

        In a sense, Elon Musk already has by heavily reducing the cost of rocket launches for the US, in addition to very quickly restoring our ability to put actual humans back in space after the end of the Space Shuttle program.

        Though in the process of doing both, he really pissed off Bernie Sanders, who is still angry about the US winning the space race, and wishes all of that money would have gone towards forming the worlds biggest bread line instead.

        Musk will have a million people on Mars in 25 years - why would he care to make s silly moon landing when he's clearly going to rule the Universe soon. The moon is beneath the smartest person in any room.

      • Re:Viva, competition (Score:5, Informative)

        by Luckyo ( 1726890 ) on Sunday January 02, 2022 @01:38AM (#62135309)

        Musk is a very wrong guy to talk to about SpaceX. Shotwell, the COO is. She actually does admit to realities within her PR appearances, unlike Musk who plays the role of "look into the future, not the reality" PR person.

        So if you listen to Shotwell, she makes it very clear that they're still struggling to get the reusable booster costs down to sustainable levels. Turns out getting recyclable rockets be actually break even or even profitable really hard, because of how long the recycled boosters have to spend in checks (I think Shotwell's latest claim in a speech was well in excess of a month, whereas the goal remains close to 24 hours, i.e. they're not even in the ballpark of where they need to be according to their own words). All while SpaceX's plan of "we'll compensate for lack of profitability with sheer volume of launches", total global launches haven't meaningfully increased since SpaceX entered the scene if you don't count SpaceX launching their Starlink satellites. I.e. SpaceX's "increase in global launches" is generated by... SpaceX launching payloads for its another questionable program.

        Which is why NASA is paying through the nose for SpaceX contracts, more than they used to pay for ULA. In fact, NASA had a field day when politicians forced them to subsidize SpaceX because of it in private. There were quite a few leaked internal NASA memos and emails from people behind launch programs of NASA raging at the leadership that they are forced to pay more for the same service than before with SpaceX as the launch provider being forced on them from above. SpaceX is in desperate need of income streams to finance the other endeavours, and they command significant PR machine which helped to pressure politicians into acting. Which may be a good thing ultimately, but the claim that costs came down is simply not true outside the PR world. They went way up early on when reusable rockets were just garbage, so payloads where lower for comparable costs per launch. Currently they're close to parity if I remember correctly, in large part because of problem mentioned above by Shotwell.

        • Im sure Space Exploration launch costs are far below Shuttle launch costs and with rather less loss of life.
          • by Luckyo ( 1726890 )

            That's actually not completely true as once you actually do the math SpaceX is about on par when it comes to manned launches to shuttle program at its peak, but let's grant that anyway, just for the argument's sake.

            Are you trying to argue that SpaceX is great because it managed to barely edge out 40 year old technology that was never about getting people cheap into orbit? Because Soyuz exists, and it's way less expensive if you don't count monopoly surcharges Russians laid on foreign powers after it gained

        • Source of Orange vs oranges figure?  Ie same load size, orbit, year. You wrote a lot but gave no definitive proof.
        • So if you listen to Shotwell, she makes it very clear that they're still struggling to get the reusable booster costs down to sustainable levels. Turns out getting recyclable rockets be actually break even or even profitable really hard, because of how long the recycled boosters have to spend in checks (I think Shotwell's latest claim in a speech was well in excess of a month, whereas the goal remains close to 24 hours, i.e. they're not even in the ballpark of where they need to be according to their own words).

          You start off by advising listening to Shotwell instead of Musk, then you quote Musk and attribute it to Shotwell. You are very confused.

          SpaceX is profitable on every launch. Falcon 9 reusable launches are even more profitable. They have publicly stated this, repeatedly, and we have no reason to believe otherwise. To be precise, Gwynne Shotwell has stated this, repeatedly. The goal to turn around a reusable rocket in 24 hours is purely Musk aspiration. It has nothing whatsoever to do with the continue

  • Another Space Race!

    • by Luckyo ( 1726890 )

      It would be great. It offers the competitive tendencies a path to go down the mutually beneficial rather than mutually harmful path.

  • by 93 Escort Wagon ( 326346 ) on Saturday January 01, 2022 @11:07PM (#62135123)

    "Instead of building an orbiting "gateway", China would directly put a nuclear-powered research station on the moon."

    They should know that's not a good idea. Haven't they seen Space: 1999?

    • by Sebby ( 238625 )

      They should know that's not a good idea. Haven't they seen Space: 1999?

      Especially with this bit:

      This moon base on wheels would be able to roam freely on the lunar surface for over 1,000km, and the use of artificial intelligence technology would mean astronauts need not be present for its operation

  • If they build their base there first.
    • by drnb ( 2434720 )

      If they build their base there first.

      And the next day the US Space Force starts having personnel transfer in from the US Marine Corp. :-)

      • by cusco ( 717999 )

        You misspelled 'Space Farce'.

        • by drnb ( 2434720 )

          You misspelled 'Space Farce'.

          Because it not. Now I loved the Netflix series and all, but USSF is real. It is pretty much the consolidation of things various agencies and the military had already been doing in space. Plus by being its own branch it has the flexibility of doing Coast Guard like dual-status stuff, touching the law enforcement and military side of things. Something the other branches (USA USN USMC USAF) cannot do.

          • by cusco ( 717999 )

            Sure, it's real, just like the last time when they hollowed out Cheyenne Mountain for their headquarters and then shut down. Oh, well, a bunch of military contractors got paid, that's the most important thing.

            Know what's most disgusting about the whole upcoming fiasco of the Space Farce? They're going to exceed NASA's budget by 2023.

    • They'll probably treat it like a Go board, strategically place bases and claim control over large areas.
      • Of course considering their track record with the truth, they'll probably have those 'bases' 'manned' by corpses, and claim that there's living people there by faking it.
  • I've been looking but I can't seem to find it, how does China plan to power their lunar rovers that will be exploring the lunar poles? How does China plan to power habitats on the moon? Batteries and solar panels are fine for rovers that explore most of the lunar surface but to explore the poles, which are in permanent shade from the sun, that will not do. The entire point of exploring the poles is because there are spots there that are in permanent shade, if there is water on the moon that's the most li

    • by Anonymous Coward
      1) the poles are nearly 100% lite. Yes, there are parts that are nearly 100% dark, but much of it has 98% sunlight.
      2) China AND Russia are busying working on SMALL nuclear reactors that can be taken to the moon and mars. Sadly, the anti-science far left continues to fight that in the west. China and Russia are NOT so anti-science. However, Biden/DoD/DoE/NASA are busy with nuclear SMRs. Hopefully, this will continue in spite of the Goon Squad and others that are pushing to destroy western Nuclear power (odd
      • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

        by MacMann ( 7518492 )

        Quoting parent post to (hopefully) bring more visibility.

        1) the poles are nearly 100% lite. Yes, there are parts that are nearly 100% dark, but much of it has 98% sunlight.
        2) China AND Russia are busying working on SMALL nuclear reactors that can be taken to the moon and mars. Sadly, the anti-science far left continues to fight that in the west. China and Russia are NOT so anti-science. However, Biden/DoD/DoE/NASA are busy with nuclear SMRs. Hopefully, this will continue in spite of the Goon Squad and others that are pushing to destroy western Nuclear power (oddly, they have no issue with China , Russia, Iran, N. Korea, etc having Nuclear Power).
        3) putting bases on the poles using nuclear, and/or solar and/or geothermal, will be what will happen. WHy? Because of 1 above. The first 2 missions to lunar surface by starship (and likely China/Russia) will be CARGO. It will include LOTS of solar, batteries, and HOPEFULLY, nuclear. Combine that with adding a robotic tractor that mines for water and other elements, and we have a decent start. Once manned flights to their starts, we will likely bring inflatable habitats that can be set-up, and buried. In the mean time, we need to send various explorations for lunar tunnels i.e. lava tubes. These are the best way to set up large bases.

        Good points. I'm not so sure Biden and DOE are "busy" with nuclear SMRs. If they wanted SMRs then they had ample oppotunities to get on that bandwagon in the last 40 and some years. NASA and DOD certainly want SMRs, and the US Navy has been doing very well with SMRs since Nautilus in 1950. All the people that know the science know that going beyond LEO requires nuclear power. They also know that they have to be careful about where and how they ta

      • by spth ( 5126797 )

        Solar and nuclear would work.

        But geothermal energy on the moon isn't within reach anytime soon. The deepest hole humans ever drilled on earth is 12 km. To get meaningful geothermal energy on the moon, you'd have to drill about 100 km.

    • by cusco ( 717999 )

      Do you often spend that much time and energy expounding on topics that you rather clearly don't know shit about? Why?

      • You must know something on the topic to see I'm ignorant on the topic. Educate me. Tell me where I'm wrong. Most of all, tell me how China plans to power their manned and unmanned missions on the moon.

        • by cusco ( 717999 )

          The same way everyone else does, a combination of solar and RTGs. Compact nuclear generators are also being developed, both for energy supply and propulsion, and thermocouple technology has seen a new renaissance. Plus of course battery tech is advancing by leaps and bounds, and fuel cells continue their steady march forward. Just like on Earth, there is no one-size-fits-all answer to energy supply.

          • Just like on Earth, there is no one-size-fits-all answer to energy supply.

            I agree, and I'm confused why you felt the need to point that out as I made no claims that there was a one size fits all solution. I only point out that "Meatloaf energy" is not going to keep people alive on the moon, and it's not even going to keep people alive on Earth where the atmosphere is far more hospitable.

            • by cusco ( 717999 )

              So what is this mysterious energy source that you think no one wants to talk about? Don't tell me you're one of the 'zero point energy' loonies.

              • So what is this mysterious energy source that you think no one wants to talk about? Don't tell me you're one of the 'zero point energy' loonies.

                Nuclear fission.

                • by cusco ( 717999 )

                  Oh, good grief, China, the ESA, JAXA and NASA have all done work on portable nuclear reactors that can be used in space.

  • No china is in a space race against some random South African dude. Lol How embarrassing is that...
  • ...They'll have a boot on the throat of America even that laughable "Space Force" and the guy with the tool-shaped spaceship can't remove.

    • by cusco ( 717999 )

      Both the US and Soviet empires tried controlling space, and both failed. Why do you think China would be able to?

  • China can talk all they want about moon base fantasies but talk is cheap. They've never even set foot on the moon, have no reusable rockets, now it's a lunar research station within 10 years? Suuuure.

    And all that trash talk about the Artemis Accords are just nonsense intended to stoke hostility. The safety zones mentioned in the agreement are explicitly an "area wherein this notification and coordination will be implemented to avoid harmful interference". There's no mention whatsoever about "forbid the entr

    • Reusable rockets are just to reduce cost. If a nation doesn't care a bout that, reuseability isn't necessary or even desired.
      • by Klaxton ( 609696 )

        Reusability obviously helps to improve the pace of launch capability regardless of the cost benefits, and is a technological step forward that China doesn't appear to be anywhere near making.

  • I'm still training for the 1969 Boston marathon.

  • Spunik meant Soviets could shoot ICBMs at the US.

    The military significance of moon bases are ... ?

    The US military estimated costs / benefits of a moon base decades ago. They decided it would take hundreds of launches from earth and wouldn't do much of anything for Americans except eject their earnings into space.

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