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Medicine Science

Is the Coronavirus Just Getting Better at Airborne Transmission? (yahoo.com) 203

A New York Times science/global health reporter reminds us that "Newer variants of the coronavirus like Alpha and Delta are highly contagious, infecting far more people than the original virus."

But then they add that "Two new studies offer a possible explanation: The virus is evolving to spread more efficiently through air." Most researchers now agree that the coronavirus is mostly transmitted through large droplets that quickly sink to the floor and through much smaller ones, called aerosols, that can float over longer distances indoors and settle directly into the lungs, where the virus is most harmful. The new studies don't fundamentally change that view. But the findings signal the need for better masks in some situations, and indicate that the virus is changing in ways that make it more formidable.

"This is not an Armageddon scenario," said Vincent Munster, a virologist at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, who led one of the new studies. "It is like a modification of the virus to more efficient transmission, which is something I think we all kind of expected, and we now see it happening in real time." Dr. Munster's team showed that small aerosols traveled much longer distances than larger droplets and the Alpha variant was much more likely to cause new infections via aerosol transmission. The second study found that people infected with Alpha exhaled about 43 times more virus into tiny aerosols than those infected with older variants.

The studies compared the Alpha variant with the original virus or other older variants. But the results may also explain why the Delta variant is so contagious — and why it displaced all other versions of the virus...

At least in some crowded spaces, people may want to consider switching to more protective masks, said Don Milton, an aerosol expert at the University of Maryland who led the research. "Given that it seems to be evolving towards generating aerosols better, then we need better containment and better personal protection," Dr. Milton said of the virus. "We are recommending people move to tighter-fitting masks."

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Is the Coronavirus Just Getting Better at Airborne Transmission?

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    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      Blah, blah, blah (some science), blah, blah then clear quote supporting the "masks don't work" ideology.

      How can you say this is a non-story, this is ground-breaking, we should all stop wearing masks immediately!!
      • Ground breaking? I think I'd file it under "bed-wetting".

      • You're feeding a troll.

        But while we're on the much dreaded topic, here's my business plan.

        1. Make a good transparent mask.
        2. Sell lots of masks.
        3. PROFIT!

        By "good transparent" I don't mean plexiglass garbage that the air goes around. I mean at least KN-95, but made of some type of transparent and porous plastic. Heaven knows that we have enough kinds of plastic to work and play with. Good may include visible borders or something so people can see I'm still being polite and cautious even if I prefer that the

        • by gmack ( 197796 )

          1. Make a good transparent mask.

          Like this one? [vyzrtech.com]

      • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

        Blah, blah, blah (some science), blah, blah then clear quote supporting the "masks don't work" ideology.

        How can you say this is a non-story, this is ground-breaking, we should all stop wearing masks immediately!!

        Huh? Saying that people should move to N95 or KN95 masks (which are readily available) supports the "masks don't work" idiocy? What the actual f**k are you talking about?

    • It's almost like it has a plan. ;-)

    • You missed the story. Everyone knows that Delta is more contagious than other variants of Coronavirus. The question is, why is it more contagious? You don't know because you dismissed the story without reading it.

    • by HiThere ( 15173 )

      Nope. That a common mode, but some pathogens evolve to be more durable, others evolve to provoke less of an immune reaction, some evolve to be less harmful. There are lots of choices, and which happens tends to depend on which makes the pathogen more successful, though it partially depends on luck, too.

      • Evolution, no, no. This is intelligent design. Why would you not see the hand of a creator behind this?
      • All these cause the virus to be more contagious, if more people don't die then get less sick will spread it more. The changes are random, but the successful changes spread more. If everyone starts wearing masks, the virus will evolve to be more contagious to people wearing masks.

    • Please explain that to the "engineered in a lab" knuckleheads.

  • by McGruber ( 1417641 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @01:53PM (#61856689)

    Coronavirus has always been airborne.

    A March 5, 2020 --nineteen months ago! -- tweet from Virginia Tech Engineering Professor Linsey Marr: Let's talk about #airborne transmission of #SARSCOV2 and other viruses. [twitter.com]

    What happened is that the World Health Organization squandered 18 months downplaying the possibility of Coronavirus being airborne. Here's a July 4, 2020 NY Time article about that:

    239 Experts With One Big Claim: The Coronavirus Is Airborne The W.H.O. has resisted mounting evidence that viral particles floating indoors are infectious, some scientists say. The agency maintains the research is still inconclusive. [nytimes.com]

    The World Health Organization and the public health officials who listened to WHO are now all trying to save face, hence their new claim that coronavirus evolved.

    • You have no idea how glad I am to see you post this. I've been saying the same thing since last year and the message keeps falling on deaf ears.

      We have had numerous well-documented cases of superspreading events since early 2020 in which no other causal mechanism for the transmission of the virus could be plausible. There was the Korean call center, in which people who were sitting far away from the index case got infected; the choir singing at a church and infecting people not sitting nearby; the restaur

    • The best article about airborne spread I've read is this one from Wired. [wired.com] A prime example of why you shouldn't, "stay in your lane."
  • My my. (Score:5, Funny)

    by sjames ( 1099 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:26PM (#61856779) Homepage Journal

    Putin's army is in full force today.

  • by bb_matt ( 5705262 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:29PM (#61856785)

    recommends that you only wear masks if you really want to.

    So, since the end of 90% of restrictions, I forget when - "freedom day" it was called, although there was no celebration - mask wearing in public places has fallen off a cliff.

    Being a "pussy", a cautious "scaredy cat", I still wear my mask in public spaces and just actively avoid people not wearing them.
    Heck, I'll avoid a supermarket isle or checkout if there's folks without masks.
    As for the increase in people coughing, spluttering and sneezing - run away!

    I'm in my 50's, I've been double jabbed, but as a ex-smoker (yeah, I'm an idiot), I really don't want to risk catching a virus like Covid-19.

    It's not something I want to add to my life achievements.

    But that's ok, all those of you who choose not to wear masks - it's your choice. It's your choice to spew aerosols out of your mouth and potentially infect others, even though a mask is such a small thing to ask you to wear for like 10 minutes of your day.

    WANKERS.

    • by demonlapin ( 527802 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @02:55PM (#61856917) Homepage Journal

      like 10 minutes of your day

      Well, yeah, if that's it, then sure. Not an unreasonable imposition. But if you work in retail, or an airport, or healthcare, or any of the other "essential" industries, that's 8-10 hours a day. Screw it. I've had full vaccination since January. I got my booster in September. I've been exposed on numerous (at least six that I know of) occasions and not contracted it. Masks are not evil; they're probably a major factor in why flu season basically didn't happen in 2020. But given how many people walk around with them down around their chin, or at least below the nose, and they're just crappy cloth masks anyway, it's far more theater than therapy. You know why surgeons wear masks? Not to protect themselves from the patient - if you want to protect yourself meaningfully, you need to be wearing a properly fitted N95 at the very least. It's to keep them from coughing or sneezing accidentally into the sterile field. And those, while not N95, are actually designed for the purpose and fitted at each wearing.

      • Masks are not evil; they're probably a major factor in why flu season basically didn't happen in 2020.

        I think the major factors regarding the flu are the distancing and people with any symptoms staying at home, something that is normally (before Corona) often frowned upon.

    • Are you going to continue with this "Avoid people who don't have masks and be abusive about them" policy for the rest of the your life and if not then what criteria (given that the virus is set to become endemic) will you use to decide when to stop?
      • Are you going to continue with this "Avoid people who don't have masks and be abusive about them" policy for the rest of the your life and if not then what criteria (given that the virus is set to become endemic) will you use to decide when to stop?

        Considering people are harassing a doctor [imgur.com] who said people should wear masks and be vaccinated by standing outside his home with bullhorns and claiming they are there to arrest him, the abuse of the willingly unvaccinated will continue for some time.

    • by Twinbee ( 767046 )
      Everyone wearing ugly masks forever and ever and ever is like a bad episode from Doctor Who. How about if we don't want to look like faceless morons all the time, and are not willing to risk damage to the economy? Yes, we save a good few lives (mostly unhealthy lives), but at what cost?
      • How about if we don't want to look like faceless morons all the time, and are not willing to risk damage to the economy?

        Doctors, nurses, a whole host of medical personnel, teachers, rescue personnel, restaurant staff, truckers, every job category has had people die from covid, 700,000+ and counting so far in 18 months because morons like you are more worried about the economy than people.

        Thank you for showing how "pro-life" you are.

  • Between social distancing, mask wearing, and now vaccinations, we've been reducing the paths for infections so only the strongest (the most virulent) virus survive. In essence, we're concentrating covid's ability to transmit, infect, and kill and so long as people ignore the science, they'll keep dying [imgur.com].

    It's why we've had twice as many people die from covid in 18 months in the U.S. than have been killed in the 10 years of civil war in Syria (~350,000 dead [voanews.com]).

    But good news, those who are 60 or older and got co

  • by enriquevagu ( 1026480 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @03:08PM (#61856983)

    The virus is evolving to spread more efficiently

    The virus is not evolving TO spread more efficiently. This sentence makes evolution look like an intended, meditated decision. The virus evolves, probably randomly, and some variants may happen to spread more efficiently than the previous ones. That is why those variants probably become dominant.

    "The selfish gene" is a popular book that explained these concepts some decades ago. I recommend it to the interested reader, it made me change my mind.

    • by blahabl ( 7651114 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @05:30PM (#61857483)

      The virus is evolving to spread more efficiently

      The virus is not evolving TO spread more efficiently. This sentence makes evolution look like an intended, meditated decision. The virus evolves, probably randomly, and some variants may happen to spread more efficiently than the previous ones. That is why those variants probably become dominant.

      "The selfish gene" is a popular book that explained these concepts some decades ago. I recommend it to the interested reader, it made me change my mind.

      You're lucky it's not evolving to eliminate pointless pedants.

    • FWIW, I don't think your comment is pedantic. I know plenty of smart people that don't understand how it works. If you've never worked with a randomized search algorithm, it can be very difficult to understand.
    • The virus is evolving to spread more efficiently

      The virus is evolving, and the evolution is in the direction of more efficient spread, therefore the virus is evolving to spread more efficiently. No, the virus isn't making any decisions about whether to evolve or in what direction, but the phrase doesn't say that it is, just that it's evolving and what the effect of that evolution is.

  • by VeryFluffyBunny ( 5037285 ) on Sunday October 03, 2021 @05:29PM (#61857477)
    It seems to me that this pandemic would be a good time to mandate high-efficiency particulate air filters in air-conditioners & ventilation systems (that recirculate air) https://www.physiciansweekly.c... [physiciansweekly.com] . Not just to reduce the spread of COVID-19 but also any new SARS type viruses as well as other aerosol-borne pathogens, e.g. flu & colds, & dust-borne bacterial pathogens. Many air-conditioner designs already have spaces in which to insert such filters & retrofitting ventilation systems shouldn't be too difficult either. There's also effective standalone units for enclosed spaces that don't have either.
    • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

      by Anonymous Coward

      It seems to me that this pandemic would be a good time to mandate high-efficiency particulate air filters in air-conditioners & ventilation systems (that recirculate air) https://www.physiciansweekly.c... [www.physiciansweekly.c] . Not just to reduce the spread of COVID-19 but also any new SARS type viruses as well as other aerosol-borne pathogens, e.g. flu & colds, & dust-borne bacterial pathogens. Many air-conditioner designs already have spaces in which to insert such filters & retrofitting ventilation systems shouldn't be too difficult either. There's also effective standalone units for enclosed spaces that don't have either.

      HEPA filters are overkill and unless designed for them, most existing systems can't handle them. Even those that can will have greatly reduced air flow, which is bad for removing the virus from the air. You don't need to eliminate the virus. You just need to reduce the load. Filters around MERV 13 can do that.

  • This study was on Alpha (the UK variant).

    For Delta, there was a paper that did replication studies, and found that Delta replicates much faster initially than the other variants they tested (I think it was the ancestral Wuhan variant, and Alpha).

    Those findings imply that a person will be more infectious much sooner than the previous variants, and it explains why Delta has replaced Alpha in many places, where the latter did replace the previous variants.

    I can't find the study now ... unfortunately ...

    • by kbahey ( 102895 )

      This study was on Alpha (the UK variant).

      For Delta, there was a paper that did replication studies, and found that Delta replicates much faster initially than the other variants they tested (I think it was the ancestral Wuhan variant, and Alpha).

      Those findings imply that a person will be more infectious much sooner than the previous variants, and it explains why Delta has replaced Alpha in many places, where the latter did replace the previous variants.

      I can't find the study now ... unfortunately ...

      Found i

  • BASHIR: If this virus is present within a large enough segment of the population, it could mean...
    SISKO: What is it, Doctor?
    BASHIR: I just took an air sample.
    (Puts his tricorder results on a monitor)
    SISKO: The virus?
    BASHIR: It's mutated into an airborne variety.
    ODO: Which means?
    BASHIR: Which means the whole station is infected.

  • The other possibility is that the virus was always good at airborne transmission and all the goofy attempts by authoritarians to control it were a colossal waste of time and money.

  • ...N95 masks for extended periods. Speaking from experience (voluntarily wearing them when doing IT work in nursing homes), they are exceedingly uncomfortable. Not to mention that they will need to be replaced after even a few hours of use because they get wet and disgusting. Sure there are some methods to "clean" them, but that is not realistic for most people.

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