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Medicine United States Science

Millions Are Skipping Their Second Doses of Covid Vaccines (nytimes.com) 247

Millions of Americans are not getting the second doses of their Covid-19 vaccines, and their ranks are growing. From a report: More than five million people, or nearly 8 percent of those who got a first shot of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, have missed their second doses, according to the most recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That is more than double the rate among people who got inoculated in the first several weeks of the nationwide vaccine campaign. Even as the country wrestles with the problem of millions of people who are wary about getting vaccinated at all, local health authorities are confronting an emerging challenge of ensuring that those who do get inoculated are doing so fully. The reasons vary for why people are missing their second shots. In interviews, some said they feared the side effects, which can include flulike symptoms. Others said they felt that they were sufficiently protected with a single shot.

Those attitudes were expected, but another hurdle has been surprisingly prevalent. A number of vaccine providers have canceled second-dose appointments because they ran out of supply or didn't have the right brand in stock. Walgreens, one of the biggest vaccine providers, sent some people who got a first shot of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine to get their second doses at pharmacies that only had the other vaccine on hand. Several Walgreens customers said in interviews that they scrambled, in some cases with help from pharmacy staff, to find somewhere to get the correct second dose. Others, presumably, simply gave up. From the outset, public health experts worried that it would be difficult to get everyone to return for a second shot three or four weeks after the first dose. It is no surprise that, as vaccines are rolled out more broadly, the numbers of those skipping their second dose have gone up.

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Millions Are Skipping Their Second Doses of Covid Vaccines

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  • You know those vaccine pushers. Only the first taste is free. Then they've got you.

  • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:09PM (#61317396)
    there's a patch work of laws at the state level, they're weakly enforced though. A lot of places did give employees time off (there's now a tax credit for doing so) but only gave 1 day. Finally Americans have been conditioned to use healthcare as a last resort because saying "Hi" to your doctor if you bump into them on the street costs $150 dollars with insurance ($1500 if the street's out of network).

    Oh, and if anyone's wondering why this matters, every one of them is a disease vector capable to getting the virus and creating fun new mutations that might get past our vaccine and put us right back in lockdown.
    • by geekmux ( 1040042 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:46PM (#61317516)

      Oh, and if anyone's wondering why this matters, every one of them is a disease vector capable to getting the virus and creating fun new mutations that might get past our vaccine and put us right back in lockdown.

      Oh, and if anyone's wondering why this may not matter at all, see virus inoculation rates in third world countries.

      Three years from now.

      At the end of the day, we're all sharing the same highly interconnected planet. From the standpoint of the virus, we might as well be collectively dancing in the rain chanting for the return of Mutato.

    • Oh, and if anyone's wondering why this matters, every one of them is a disease vector capable to getting the virus and creating fun new mutations that might get past our vaccine and put us right back in lockdown.

      Virii do not get past a vaccine. They get past the immune system. A vaccine primes the immune system. The immune system fights the virus. This is just like antibiotics do not kill bacteria (except for a very very very very few bacteriacides). They weaken (in various ways) the bacteria so that the immune system can kill it. If your immune system is busted then there is no help for you (except a plastic bubble).

      On another note, I do not think that there has been even one death worldwide as a result of S

      • I was turning a phrase. Largely to give the virus agency because polls show people who are likely to dismiss the risks of COVID respond more favorably when you talk about the virus as though it can do things. It's a science communication technique I picked up from a YouTube named Rebecca Watson.
      • by LostMyAccount ( 5587552 ) on Tuesday April 27, 2021 @06:17AM (#61318790)

        This seems like splitting hairs. It's like the old joke that falling off a building doesn't kill you, it's the sudden deceleration when you touch the ground that kills you.

        Whatever the source of this "defective immune response", it wasn't really killing people or making too many others very sick until SARS-CoV-2 came around. It may be pedantically correct that excess immune response is what kills people, not the primary infection of the virus, but I doubt its the only illness whose secondary effects or physiological responses are what's dangerous.

        Most people who die of opioid overdose die of respiratory failure -- so technically, they die of hypoxia from not breathing. It doesn't mean that high doses of opioids aren't dangerous.

        I will say that we probably don't have a great handle on autoimmune illnesses generally, and many of our primary illnesses might actually be functionally a byproduct of immune response from environmental factors.

      • by Whibla ( 210729 )

        Virii (sic) do not get past a vaccine. They get past the immune system. A vaccine primes the immune system. The immune system fights the virus.

        So far so good.

        This is just like antibiotics do not kill bacteria (except for a very very very very few bacteriacides). They weaken (in various ways) the bacteria so that the immune system can kill it.

        If by very very very very few you mean all antibiotics within the classes: penicillins; cephalosporins; polymyxins; rifamycins; lipiarmycins; quinolones; aminoglycosides; and sulfonamides then yeah, that's not many at all. Of course after that lot we're only left with: macrolides; lincosamides; and tetracyclines that are bacteriostatics, so possibly you're a tad mistaken.

        On another note, I do not think that there has been even one death worldwide as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The deaths have been caused by defective immune responses to the infection triggering an auto-immune defect that called ARDS that has been endemic for years. The so-called COVID-19 pandemic has just doubled the prevalence of death from this already pre-existing genetic defect.

        Firstly I might suggest that unless you're aware of which specific genes, which variant(s) of them, and their complete and

    • by Chas ( 5144 )

      Sure we do?
      America's been on Mandatory Sick Leave since March of 2020!

      The longest sick leave in history!

    • by tlhIngan ( 30335 )

      It's important, as the first vaccine shot goes by pretty easy - you get a sore arm for about a day and that's it.

      It's the second shot that's a real doozy - with reports that Moderna causes worse symptoms, while the Pfizer still knocks the wind out of you. It's regularly reported that one should plan on being incapacitated for a day after getting the second shot.

      That means one should plan on sick leave after getting their second shot for at least a day.

      As for those who might already have antibodies, it's bee

  • Who cares? (Score:5, Interesting)

    by RightwingNutjob ( 1302813 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:09PM (#61317398)

    8% skip means 92% don't.

    A single shot of the mrna vaccines isn't as good as two but is a lot better than zero.

    Other than needing filler material to avoid talking about the end of the pandemic in the US, who cares?

    • Re:Who cares? (Score:4, Insightful)

      by fermion ( 181285 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:16PM (#61317418) Homepage Journal
      Models suggest that the US might max out at 70% vaccination due to mythical beliefs. Any hesitancy for the second dose will drive this number down. In the southeast a third of the jabs remain unused. South Dakota has people dying by the acre load, and less than half of the people have been vaccinated.

      At some point I want to get on a plane or go into a store without a mask, and Republican governors saying there is no COVID and banning masks and proof of vaccine is not going to create a safe situation.

      • Re: Who cares? (Score:2, Insightful)

        https://www.google.com/search?... [google.com]

        South Dakota is averaging one COVID death per day. I know we want to pretend stupid republicans screwed this up but it was democrats who put COVID patients in nursing homes. I bet it saved their states money, though.

    • by smap77 ( 1022907 )

      I think that herd immunity, if it will ever be possible with COVID-19 and variants, isn't going to get there with 8% of people getting one shot. I mean, maybe the math works out, but it certainly does slow down the progression to herd.

      And "a lot better than zero" is that infinity thing, right? Nice use for the rhetoric.

      • One shot provides 60% protection, if everyone just got one shot, I mean every one, 100%, that would suffice for herd immunity and put this virus in check.

        If half the population gets 2 shots, giving 96% immunity, not so much.

        Of course, lets not forget the tens of millions of people who had and overcame vivid, they have natural immunity, only increasing the numbers.

        • by dryeo ( 100693 )

          Check out the new variants. In Brazil there are cities where most everyone had it and now they're getting it again.
          Lets hope we get enough people vaccinated to head off any worse mutations.
          BTW, here in Canada, the current goal is to get everyone one shot, with the 2nd coming months later. As you point out, getting everyone a shot is better then half the people getting 2 shots.

      • The UK intentionally started with two doses twelve weeks apart, with the common sense argument that giving one dose to two people each is better than giving two doses to one, and nothing to the other. Pfizer estimates were 90% protection after one dose, and 95% protection after two doses, so that makes sense.

        If 20 percent take only one dose and 80% take two does, then we get 94% protection with these numbers instead of 95% if everyone takes two doses. Same effect as 1% not getting any injection at all.
    • Re:Who cares? (Score:5, Informative)

      by kid_wonder ( 21480 ) <(moc.nielkttocsk) (ta) (todhsals)> on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:21PM (#61317422) Homepage

      I looked up the efficacy for 1 shot and after 21 days (right before the 2nd shot) you hit as high as 80%
      https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/2... [cnbc.com]

      Some people I talk to say the only reason they will get the 2nd shot is for these travel passports

      • Re:Who cares? (Score:5, Insightful)

        by Beryllium Sphere(tm) ( 193358 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:37PM (#61317480) Journal

        The difference between 80% and 90% is halving the risk. 10% is half of 20%.

        Given how widespread and lasting the damage from that virus can be I do not want to give it any unnecessary chance.

        There is also the issue that we haven't had trials with data either way about how long immunity lasts without an eventual second dose of an mRNA vaccine. It could be long-lasting, but "test what you fly, fly what you test" is a well-proven rule.

        • Given how widespread and lasting the damage from that virus can be I do not want to give it any unnecessary chance.

          The virus, SARS-CoV-2, does not have any lasting effect. Those with defective genetics (malfunctioning safety systems) will suffer from their innate defects for a long time, but the actual injury caused by the viral infection will heal quite well and quickly just like any other "common cold".

    • People who can multiply care.

      Go ahead and do some math. Multiply the portion of people who chose to get vaccinated (a low number in the USA), with portion of people who can get vaccinated (a higher number in the USA but not 100%), and now for good measure multiply that by 0.92.

      Little numbers start becoming significant when your end goal is full coverage.

  • Not a big deal (Score:5, Interesting)

    by XXongo ( 3986865 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:10PM (#61317402) Homepage
    Delaying the second dose is not a big deal; there's a lot of latitude in when you get the second dose. The two weeks delay is the beginning of the window, not the end.

    the U.K.'s Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) says that the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine's short-term efficacy was 89 percent between days 15 and 21 after the first dose, so actually you get most of the protection after the first dose. [reference: https://www.newsweek.com/covd-... [newsweek.com] }
    https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/... [nejm.org]

    • Not sure which dictionary you are using, but 'skipping' does not mean 'delaying'.
      • Not enough time has passed for us to know whether it is skipping or delaying yet.
        • A perfectly logical statement. Unfortunately it is not recognized as such.

          Covid is a remarkable virus. Not only does it not need to infect people to shut down their brains, the *vaccine* does it too, without even having to be administered.

          Maybe there is something to this 5g shit after all...

        • Not enough time has passed for us to know whether it is skipping or delaying yet.

          Exactly this. My wife got her first shot, but then was scheduled without consultation for her second shot on a day that she couldn’t make it last week. She wants the second shot and reached out as quickly as she could to get it rescheduled, but because they schedule appointments for a whole week at a time (i.e. you get bumped to next week if you need to reschedule) and they only offer second doses on certain days of the week, it’ll still be another few days until she gets it.

          According to this st

    • Yes, we do have data and you cited it about what happens when dose 2 comes later.

      If there are any studies out there which answer what happens if dose 2 is "never" as opposed to later, I'd be pleased to hear of them so I could go read them.

    • by alexo ( 9335 )

      the U.K.'s Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) says that the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine's short-term efficacy was 89 percent between days 15 and 21 after the first dose

      What is the efficacy 120 days after the first dose? Because the Canadian government, in its infinite wisdom, decided to stretch the interval between doses to 4 months.

  • by jfdavis668 ( 1414919 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:11PM (#61317406)
    Can't get enough of them.
    • Can't get enough of them.

      Sweet! I mean hell, they are free. Why not?

      Hit that shit like a Costo food pimp slingin' the daily samples.

  • by battingly ( 5065477 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:13PM (#61317412)
    Vast swaths of the population aren't capable of understanding the importance of vaccination, let alone being capable of managing 2 appointments with a specified interval between them. That's why the J&J vaccine is so important. For billions of people, only a single dose vaccine is practical.
    • Not so much complicated as a simple desire to getting things over. We've been in this situation a year and a quarter. People are becoming battle-weary with no end in sight.

      • by geekmux ( 1040042 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @08:07PM (#61317570)

        Not so much complicated as a simple desire to getting things over. We've been in this situation a year and a quarter. People are becoming battle-weary with no end in sight.

        Ah, so one shot appointment? Hooray! There's an end in sight!

        But two shot appointments, at defined intervals? Unacceptable! This is now going to take somewhere between 17 years and forever.

        (Sorry. Guess I don't have too much "battle-weary" sympathy for one extra 15-minute appointment after a fucking year of lockdown.)

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      While this is utterly pathetic, I do agree that most people cannot even handle the very minor complexities involved here.

  • by musicmaker ( 30469 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:26PM (#61317428) Homepage

    I had a second dose appointment with CVS, but they had no easy way to move it; so I had to cancel it and make a new appointment; so I have to wonder how many folks like me cancelled, but only to make a new appointment and aren't being counted correctly. I also see a few folks posting about no sick leave, and folks who are concerned about side-effects - and honestly that makes a lot of sense. I'm not that old, and I'm off work today with fatigue, sore throat, and other mild flu like symptoms.

  • by iamacat ( 583406 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:29PM (#61317438)

    Any UX designer will tell you that a huge number of users drop off with each click required to complete the action. Vaccine design needs to consider distribution and mass psychology to be as important as raw efficiency. Current early adopters complete two doses at pretty high rate and we can expect the problem to get worse as vaccination moves to hesitant / busy / erratic individuals. Then offer high risk and motivated a booster for greater protection.

    • by thegarbz ( 1787294 ) on Tuesday April 27, 2021 @04:09AM (#61318598)

      Any UX designer will tell you that a huge number of users drop off with each click required to complete the action.

      LOL UX designer reducing clicks to the point of completely ballsing up the functionality is a very apt analogy. If a user did one click of Pfizer and then gave up they'd still be better off than doing the only click of the J&J vaccine.

      Great analogy though. UX designers are typically the kind of morons who prioritise singular metrics over thinking about how their product actually functions.

  • Bad record keeping (Score:4, Interesting)

    by gabebear ( 251933 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:29PM (#61317440) Homepage Journal
    I wonder how much of this is just shoddy record keeping with drug stores giving shots? I’m pretty sure even though I got both shots I’m counted as receiving one shot.

    Neither Walgreens nor New York State has a record of me receiving my second shot even though I got my second shot exactly when I was scheduled. They both show a record for my first shot). I scheduled both shots at the same time through Walgreens website. All I have to prove it is my vaccine card.
  • by theshowmecanuck ( 703852 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:30PM (#61317448) Journal
    There is some thought out in the scientific community that having two different vaccines might be beneficial. Tweaking slightly different aspects of the immune response to make it work better. There is a study underway in the UK to look at this, and I think there is one about to start in Canada as well.

    https://www.cambridgetimes.ca/... [cambridgetimes.ca]

    The UK Study Web Site:
    https://comcovstudy.org.uk/ [comcovstudy.org.uk]
  • Certainly makes this [slashdot.org] a depressingly reasonable thing to do.
  • by umask077 ( 122989 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:36PM (#61317474)

    I signed up for my first and second appointment on the web. Got the 1st show no problem but while i was leaving the place they gave me a card that had a different date 12 days earlier for my 2nd shot then my second appointment. I got my vaccine at the new second appointment but come time for my scheduled second appointment and i got texts like i should go get my 2nd shot. I canceled the original 2nd appointment but it was a hassle to do and I suspect less computer literate people would just skip canceling the appointment which might show up as people missing their shots.

    • I signed up for my first and second appointment on the web. Got the 1st show no problem but while i was leaving the place they gave me a card that had a different date 12 days earlier for my 2nd shot then my second appointment. I got my vaccine at the new second appointment but come time for my scheduled second appointment and i got texts like i should go get my 2nd shot. I canceled the original 2nd appointment but it was a hassle to do and I suspect less computer literate people would just skip canceling the appointment which might show up as people missing their shots.

      I had a similar experience. When I got my first shot I got an appointment for my second. A few days later my second appointment was cancelled, apparently because the site where I got my first was shut down. I signed up for a second appointment, but when I turned up for my shot I was told that they didn't have the data from my first site, so they couldn't give me a complete vaccination card. I got my second shot anyway, but I suspect I am counted as one of those who skipped my second shot.

  • Loss of a work day (Score:4, Insightful)

    by Tablizer ( 95088 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:39PM (#61317484) Journal

    some said they feared the side effects, which can include flu-like symptoms

    If you are not lucky enough to be able to schedule the shot on a Friday or Saturday, there's a fairly good chance you'd lose a work-day if you have side-effects, or feel crappy at work. Roughly half the people I know had mild-to-medium flu-like symptoms on the second dose.

    Many of the flakers may come back if they can pick a better time. Many are living paycheck-to-paycheck and have no vacation days left, often due to family duties.

  • "Millions Are Skipping Their Second Doses of Covid Vaccines"

    Correction: "Millions Are Stupid As Shit And Are Skipping Their Second Doses of Covid Vaccines"

    • "Millions Are Skipping Their Second Doses of Covid Vaccines"

      Correction: "Millions Are Stupid As Shit And Are Skipping Their Second Doses of Covid Vaccines"

      Further correction: Vaccination record keeping is so poor that it shows millions have skipped their second doses of the COVID-19 vaccine

  • by Guillermito ( 187510 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @07:59PM (#61317538) Homepage

    I wonder how many in that 8% did get their second dose, only at a different location than the first.

    I live in California, and a month ago you could read stories of people driving to rural areas for a better chance to get a vaccine. As availability recently improved in big cities, it is possible these people would have made an appointment closer to home instead of driving a long distance again for the second dose.

    It is very common to see posts in local subreddits where people ask "which sites offer Moderna / Pfizer?". Sure, it could be people really picky about the type of vaccine they want to get, but my guess is that in many cases it's people looking for the right 2nd dose

    Many sites don't let you get the 2nd dose there if they didn't give you the first. But at the same time they give you the shot without requiring an id. So you could easily lie and say it's your first shot, in which case you would be counted twice as missing your 2nd dose. The article also mentions pharmacies cancelling 2nd dose appointments because they didn't have the right vaccine on hand. My guess is that affected people would have tried to book an appointment elsewhere. Again, lying about being the first dose if necessary (I know I would have)

    • Many sites don't let you get the 2nd dose there if they didn't give you the first. But at the same time they give you the shot without requiring an id. So you could easily lie and say it's your first shot, in which case you would be counted twice as missing your 2nd dose.

      I can only speak to my personal experience in a California city of 500,000. I got ahead of the eligibility list by waitlisting at Walgreen's for Pfizer #1. They gathered personal info including ID check. Because it wasn't an official appointment they wouldn't schedule me for a second but would call me on or after day 21. I received a CDC vaccine card.

      On day 21, I hadn't heard from them so I went to the drive thru clinic run by a university medical center. They required the card and ID and took info for the

    • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

      Many sites don't let you get the 2nd dose there if they didn't give you the first. But at the same time they give you the shot without requiring an id. So you could easily lie and say it's your first shot, in which case you would be counted twice as missing your 2nd dose.

      At least it's not the AstraZeneca vaccine (or else they'd only have gotten two half doses, IIRC).

  • Brazil (Score:4, Interesting)

    by esperto ( 3521901 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @08:02PM (#61317550)

    This is also happening in Brazil, in some cases the vaccination places don't have doses in stock but in most cases people are just not coming back, but here it is worse because we are using vaccines that a less effective, and with just one dose they don't protect much at all, so it is potentially giving people a false confidence that they are protected when they are not and can have bad consequences.
    Hopefully the government will get its shit together and start a proper campaign to convince people to come back for the second dose, but I'll not hold my breadth, because just today the last health minister that got kicked out last month after a lot of political pressure was seen in a shopping mall without a mask and was being an ironic asshole when people pointed it out.

  • Good news doesn't sell newspapers, or collect clicks. Those "millions" that didn't get the second dose (within a target timeframe) amounted to 8%!

    But a headline reading "Vaccine program a success! 92% get both doses!" won't get as many clicks I guess.

    Grumble grumble... Nor would mentioning that 1 dose of the mRNA vaccines is proving to be (yes, from collected, peer-reviewed data) more effective than past vaccines for other diseases, or some of the single-dose more conventional COVID vaccines.
  • by SuperKendall ( 25149 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @08:59PM (#61317722)

    The giant tragedy of the full shutdown of J&J was not just the hundreds of thousands of people it delayed or outright canceled getting vaccinations for, but it gave weight to otherwise paranoid claims that vaccines were unsafe. It's no wonder millions now say they will not get a shot, either a first or a second if they have had one.

    Yes the other vaccines are unrelated, but most people do not really understand that. The governments action killed the vaccination momentum, at a level we may never recover from. From this point onward the actions of the government in regards to J&J are winds in the sails of the anti-tax movement.

    I once thought the U.S. would reach at least a 70% vaccination rate; now I think the final tally will be about 60%.

    • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

      The giant tragedy of the full shutdown of J&J was not just the hundreds of thousands of people it delayed or outright canceled getting vaccinations for, but it gave weight to otherwise paranoid claims that vaccines were unsafe.

      You're half right. The tragedy was that after the AstraZeneca clotting concerns, knowing that the U.S. was already starting to see vaccine demand taper off, the U.S. still approved another adenovirus vaccine that turned out to have the same problems.

      The J&J vaccine was a mistake. The purpose of both J&J and AZ was as a hedge in case the new mRNA vaccines didn't work. They did. Why did they continue down that path, knowing that the adenovirus vectors, once used, can never be used for any future v

  • by Greeneland ( 598616 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @09:59PM (#61317880)
    I had no side effects from the 1st or 2nd shots. My wife had no symptoms from the 1st shot but from the 2nd shot she had:

    sore arm (bump at the injection site)
    fever for 3 days
    nausea twice during those 3 days
    All is good now.
  • by radarskiy ( 2874255 ) on Monday April 26, 2021 @11:19PM (#61318084)

    From the NYT article referenced: "the overall rates of follow-through, with some 92 percent getting fully vaccinated, are strong by historical standards. Roughly three-quarters of adults come back for their second dose of the vaccine that protects against shingles."

    This paper puts the completion rate for two part hepatitis vaccinations at less than 40%: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p... [nih.gov]

    This paper puts the completion rate for two part HPV vaccinations at under 40%: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p... [nih.gov]

  • So that looks quite successfull to me, especially comparing it to other vaccinations:

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p... [nih.gov]

    There's nothing to see here but someone irresponsible selling clicks on the internet using a catchy, panicky headline.

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