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Medicine

How the Covid Pandemic Almost Didn't Happen (cnn.com) 176

"If that first person who brought that into the Huanan market had decided to not go that day, or even was too ill to go and just stayed at home, that or other early super-spreading events might not have occurred," says Michael Worobey, a professor of evolutionary biology at the University of Arizona. "We may never have even known about it!"

Worobey worked a new study published in the journal Science, which CNN describes as concluding that "The coronavirus pandemic almost didn't happen." Only bad luck and the packed conditions of the Huanan seafood market in Wuhan — the place the pandemic appears to have begun — gave the virus the edge it needed to explode around the globe, the researchers reported in the journal Science. "It was a perfect storm — we know now that it had to catch a lucky break or two to actually firmly become established," Worobey told CNN...

The team employed molecular dating, using the rate of ongoing mutations to calculate how long the virus has been around. They also ran computer models to show when and how it could have spread, and how it did spread... The study indicates only about a dozen people were infected between October and December, Worobey said... What's needed is an infected person and a lot of contact with other people — such as in a densely packed seafood market. "If the virus isn't lucky enough to find those circumstances, even a well-adapted virus can blip out of existence," Worobey said.

"It gives you some perspective — these events are probably happening much more frequently than we realize. They just don't quite make it and we never hear about them," Worobey said...

In the models the team ran, the virus only takes off about 30% of the time. The rest of the time, the models show it should have gone extinct after infecting a handful of people.

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How the Covid Pandemic Almost Didn't Happen

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  • Gain of Function (Score:3, Insightful)

    by Anonymous Coward on Sunday March 21, 2021 @01:36PM (#61182576)
    If the Wuhan lab wasn't doing gain of function "research" on bat coronaviruses, none of this would have happened. The disgusting market is just a smokescreen.
    • But remember! That's a crazy /conspiracy theory!/ Even though we know the BSL-4 lab in Wuhan WAS doing research on bat coronaviruses. And even though we know the CCP made it illegal for any scientist in China to research the origins of SARS-CoV-2. And even though we know the WHO team was repeatedly disallowed from visiting the epicenter, time enough to obscure the truth. But you know, BELIEVE SCIENCE!

      • by jeff4747 ( 256583 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @02:53PM (#61182870)

        It's an area with a lot of bats. Those bats are frequently infected with coronaviruses. So, you're proposing what? We not study those viruses, or study them somewhere else?

        Your theory is a bit like thinking there must be sinister motives behind ebola outbreaks because ebola is being studied in the places where there are outbreaks.

        • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

          by Rei ( 128717 )

          It is not. Most of the bat coronavirus samples, including COVID-19's closest-known relative, were from caves in Yunnan province, 1500km away. It's akin to saying that because there's a big bat colony in Tennessee, that an outbreak in Ottowa must be connected. There are no bat colonies in Hubei [researchgate.net]. The nearest bat colony is an isolated one in southern Jianxi, ~650km away, not connected to any coronaviruses of note. Same story about 650km away in the other direction in Shaanxi. "Bat central" in China, howe

          • The cave is far out from society [nature.com]. It might be a good idea to talk to the relatively few people in the region and find out where they traveled during October-December.

          • Re: (Score:2, Redundant)

            by Hmmmmmm ( 6216892 )

            Sorry this is wrong. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... [wikipedia.org]

            The bat whose extracted virus in 96% similar to covid.

            You can clearly see that they can be found on central China. Where's Wuhan? In Central China.

            Moreover to say there's no bat colonies in Hubei is also clearly wrong. Google BAT COLONIES IN HUBEI, and there's papers about bat colonies in Hubei.

            This doesn't even account for the fact that Wuhan was a metropolis and its centrality meant that many people as well as products from different parts of China

            • Re:Gain of Function (Score:4, Interesting)

              by Rei ( 128717 ) on Monday March 22, 2021 @08:16AM (#61185020) Homepage

              There are no R. affinis colonies in Hubei [bris.ac.uk]. Thanks for playing.

              And to reiterate: COVID-19's closest known relative was isolated from bats in Yunnan province, 1500km away.

              There is no evidence that anyone in Yunnan, or anyone else, had the disease before it emerged in Wuhan (Hubei).

              • You mean there's NO KNOWN colonies from a extremely old 1997 study. Lots can change within 20-30 years, especially before SARS became a major event, and bat research became an important effort in China. Citing such old reports is disingenuous at best. Furthermore, even from this 1997 study, we can see that the nearest known colony in 1997 is only a couple hundred miles away from Wuhan means that what you're saying is bogus bullshit when you're trying to say they are located a 1000 miles away. This does

                • by Rei ( 128717 )

                  You're postulating imaginary unnoticed bat colonies in a densely populated part of China, and you're calling me a conspiracy theorist?

                  • You're postulating that colonies are 1500km away when they are 150 km away per your source? Nothing but a conspiracy theorist creating conspiracies without any basis in reality. Maybe you need your eyes checked.

            • Where's Wuhan? In Central China.

              Moreover to say there's no bat colonies in Hubei is also clearly wrong. Google BAT COLONIES IN HUBEI, and there's papers about bat colonies in Hubei.

              This doesn't even account for the fact that Wuhan was a metropolis and its centrality meant that many people as well as products from different parts of China as well as world were going through Wuhan, because its central location as well as being right on the Yangtze river, and being a place where tons of trains pass through.

              If you look at the range image on the Wikipedia page, Wuhan is actually located at the bottom of the grey 'U' shape to the west of the top-right red area. So Wuhan is outside of the the bats' range.

              • See https://slashdot.org/comments.... [slashdot.org]

                The wiki image is probably based on an old 1997 study. And even if Wuhan is "out of range", the nearest colony is within 100-200 miles, not as Rei suggests, where Wuhan is the biggest city by far in the area.

        • by NagrothAgain ( 4130865 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @03:34PM (#61182966)
          What bothers me is that despite the Wuhan lab being a well known corona virus research center, focusing heavily on ones found in bat populations, even asking the question "could it have come from the lab" is instantly met with name-calling and blanket claims that such a thing is impossible.

          No, the lab wasn't engineering viruses for the Chinese military. No, they normally did not deal with live samples. No, there isn't some Grand Conspiracy. But for the Chinese to immediately claim NO possibility of a link without any investigation or transparency ought to raise eyebrows.

          • No, asking the question is fine. In fact the WHO team at one point considered it the 3rd best theory. But it's no longer considered a good theory because apparently there was never any SARS-CoV-2 in the lab.
          • by sjames ( 1099 )

            even asking the question "could it have come from the lab" is instantly met with name-calling and blanket claims that such a thing is impossible.

            Probably because the theory has been examined and rejected, yet the Q-crazies keep quacking on about it and people are now sick and damned tired of the constant quack quack quack. It's gotten old.

          • Some questions are just accusations in disguise.
      • Re:Gain of Function (Score:5, Informative)

        by hAckz0r ( 989977 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @02:59PM (#61182894)

        After the SARS-COV-1 fiasco gave us caution, we actually had American scientists working with the Chinese scientists at the Wuhan Lab on cataloging all of these potentially dangerous viruses. But it was our anti-science leaders that pulled the plug on funding and forced us to leave that project behind, with zero oversight at that lab, and exactly when we should have been increasing funding and pooling our efforts to researching and track the growing pandemic. After we left China and our pompous leaders started blaming the Chinese for creating the virus, it's no wonder why the Chinese government is not so forthcoming with information. They then stopped trusting our scientists as they are now believed to be only politically motivated. We screwed them politically and now the channels of scientific collaboration and communications are blocked by politics.

        What did we learn? In 2013, there was something like 193 variants of coronaviruses collected out of one single cave from the local bat population right near Wuhan. None of those collected viruses was sars-cov-2 but between the total of all of them, almost all the genetic fragments were found except for the human-like ACE-2 sequence. Bats don't have human-like ACE-2 receptors so we know there was some other intermediate species involved in the progression/evolution of this virus before it jumped to humans. A VERY likely candidate is pangolins who share genes similar to our human version of ACE-2 receptors and pangolins often share cavities in trees with at least 5 of the local bat species. Co-occupancy virtually guarantees that the pangolins would be covered by bat excrement on a daily basis, and bat guano is known to be very rich in live coronavirus. All that was needed for the pandemic was one pangolin to be infected by two or more viruses simultaneously and out pops sars-cov-2 and that lethargic pangolin easily gets captured and carried off to the Wuhan marketplace. Game over.

        • The fun part of tfa is similar events could happen relatively often and we are all just one huffed animal fart away from another serious global pandemic.
        • Except they tested all the live animals and none of them were infected. It came into the market a different way, either a human carrier or frozen products. A pangolin could still be the intermediate, but that's not how it got into the market.
          • Except they tested all the live animals and none of them were infected. It came into the market a different way

            They were there testing on day zero? It was many weeks before they even knew they had a problem before any testing happened. Many of the live animals probably died of old age before then.

            • They tested all of them. It doesn't matter when they tested them.
      • And the story - that underpaid lab techs supplemented their income by selling, in the exotic animal market a few blocks away, some of the lab animals they were supposed to kill and incinerate - is just a rumor , propaganda, or another tinfoil-hat conspiracy theory. Right?

    • Conspiracy theory! The conditions Huanan seafood market are clearly the type of place where all these unsafe pathogens make their jump to humans, and it had nothing to do with a lab leak! Which is exactly why the Chinese government has taken the logical step in imposing stricter regulations on these markets and shutting down the violators! Oh wait, It's only the Huanan seafood market itself that got shut down?. I'm shocked!
    • Except there is no new function in it. Itâ(TM)s basically a very slightly mutated form of existing coronaviruses that cause respiratory illness.
      There are no new genes or anything like that. Frankly if a human designed the virus they should be fired for incompetence. For one thing, there are a plethora of innovations that could be added to the virus to make it a lot better. For example, the immune evasion genes are nowhere near the best thatâ(TM)s out there. I mean, anyone with basic virology knowl

      • Re: Gain of Function (Score:4, Informative)

        by HiThere ( 15173 ) <charleshixsn@@@earthlink...net> on Sunday March 21, 2021 @06:03PM (#61183488)

        Sorry, but "a very slightly mutated form of existing coronaviruses that cause respiratory illness" is "gain of function". That it's probably a natural mutation doesn't keep it from being "gain of function". It's what you expect a virus to do, but it's still "gain of function".

        • I hate to break it to you but gain of function research happens every day in most virus research labs. The virus is made to infect new cells that it does not already infect, in different animals. Not much gain of function research is done on making viruses more fit in humans because of the obvious risks it is true but gain of function is routine for all sorts of reasons. That is why BSL4 labs get built. Gain of function happens all the time in the wild, as a virus passages though animals and humans it adapt

          • Or you can inadvertently cause the next pandemic, which is why there are scientists warning against using gain-of-function research to create live virii.

    • If the Wuhan lab wasn't doing gain of function "research" on bat coronaviruses, none of this would have happened. The disgusting market is just a smokescreen.

      The previous H1N1 pandemic was started by an American after he "visited" some pigs in Mexico.

      Your point was? [cdc.gov]

  • by 93 Escort Wagon ( 326346 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @01:45PM (#61182614)

    The CNN story has very little to do with the Science paper, other than using it as a tangential jumping off point to talk about how disease outbreaks either happen or don't happen.

    It's interesting in a "muse about it over your morning cup of coffee" way.

    • If Klara Hitler had a headache on the night of July 20th, 1888, WW2 would have never happened.

      • by sconeu ( 64226 )

        And if my aunt had balls, she'd have been my uncle.

        The pandemic didn't almost not happen. If it wasn't the guy who wound up as Patient Zero, it would have been someone else.

        • And if my aunt had balls, she'd have been my uncle.

          The pandemic didn't almost not happen. If it wasn't the guy who wound up as Patient Zero, it would have been someone else.

          You are missing the point.
          There are plenty of patient zeroes all the time. Not all of them initially spread it to enough people to cause a global pandemic.
          A lot of the time the virus dies out before spreading very far, or at all.

      • If Jennie Churchill had staid in the US, WW2 would have finished in 1 month. Hitler offered peace after taking Poland. Churchill refused and led to 6 years of bloodshed.
      • Unlikely.

        Someone else had lighted the fuse ... probably another German, but perhaps someone else.

      • Or alternately, the Germans could have won because they would potentially have had a more competent military strategist in charge.

  • Just that 2020 was unlucky and got caught...

    • Here's the thing about statistics: It's highly probable that a very unlikely event will happen. There are many, many improbable events and the math says that if only one of them need happen then the total probability is the sum of the individual ones. They add up. So it's probable that a very unlikely event will happen. We just can't know in advance which one.

  • by AlanObject ( 3603453 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @01:49PM (#61182636)

    So if it didn't happen then and there it would have happened eventually. The virus was in circulation, and one of the highly successful features of this particular virus is that its kill rate is low enough that the community doesn't take action against it immediately. It must have been present in many carriers that didn't know they had it.

    So it would have spread eventually.

    The most fortunate part of it is that it ended Trump's presidency in the U.S. If it happened six months later Trump would have been re-elected.

    • by gurps_npc ( 621217 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @02:52PM (#61182862) Homepage

      I think you got that backwards. Trump had a lot of horrible mistakes that came close to destroying him. The GOP kept supporting him despite this, and the rest of the country knew it.

      Every presidency has these kinds of tests.

      It was not lucky for the world that it happened in the last year of his presidency. Instead it was lucky for Trump that he managed to avoid similar stuff happening during the first 3 years.

      • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

        by AlanObject ( 3603453 )

        Instead it was lucky for Trump that he managed to avoid similar stuff happening during the first 3 years.

        The Republican establishment and base (other than a tiny minority of it) has made it abundantly clear that they were all in and would support Trump no matter what he did or what developments occurred.

        Had the pandemic started six month earlier I don't see that much would have changed with regard to Trump's political prospects. The difference would be that even more people would have died or have been injured by the virus. Reasoning: because of Trump's insistence that the federal government should have n

  • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @01:49PM (#61182638)
    is that this has been almost happening now for decades and we kept rolling those dice until it did. e.g. it wasn't a "perfect storm" but an inevitability. We fucked around and found out.
    • I look at this from the perspective of having a little engineering background; 'nature' seems to be full of negative-feedback, therefore self-regulating mechanisms. Why should population of any species be any different? Disease is a negative-feedback factor. There's too many humans alive at once. This coronavirus outbreak, fueled by our numbers (and their inherently social nature) and by aspects of our civilization like fast, easy transportation between major population centers, and the attitudes of some pe
      • I look at this from the perspective of having a little engineering background; 'nature' seems to be full of negative-feedback, therefore self-regulating mechanisms. Why should population of any species be any different?

        Because "nature" is not sentient, nor is there any sort of unified goal.

        There's too many humans alive at once. This coronavirus outbreak

        It's not a human virus. It's a virus that infects a variety of mammals. Human presence was not required for it to form, nor will human infections be required to sustain it. COVID-19 will always be around due to the non-human hosts, and we will have to add an immunization to the standard immunization schedule.

        The low death rate means it would have spread globally even if human travel happened at the same speed as 100AD. It just would

      • Your post reminds me of this xkcd comic, from the early days of the pandemic: https://xkcd.com/2287/ [xkcd.com]

        We're encountering these negative feedback loops (climate change, pandemics), and are doing a remarkably good job of finding ways to make sure that they don't cramp our growth too much (renewable energy tech, mRNA vaccines). I also don't see any scenario in which covid-19, left unchecked, would have "completely wrecked our entire civilization." It would have killed a lot more people, but not enough to cause

        • You only say that because you're not looking at what the overall effects would be.
          When HALF your population OR MORE is down sick at the same time, what happens to your ECONOMY? It crashes and burns.
          Now what happens when everyone is getting sick from it MORE THAN ONCE? Bye bye civilization, no one well enough to keep it running.
          Now what happens when people are dropping dead from it more and more because they keep getting sick from it (because no one is bothering to do anything to stop it, or has the means
    • And it will happen again. We need to start preparing now for the next pandemic, and get (or keep) the control measures, supplies, and rapid development vaccine pipelines ready.

      The mRNA vaccines are easy to design and can be quickly devised to address new coronaviruses. Now that we have these treatments validated, and production facilities in operation, we should be able to start distributing new vaccines within weeks of a new organism appearing.

      Also maybe we start taking test development and use seriously.

      • by dryeo ( 100693 )

        The response is the same after every pandemic, then a few years go by and the politicians find other things to spend money on. As private industry doesn't have any motivation to keep stocks of stuff that isn't currently being used around, only the government can keep stocks of supplies ready and they failed after the last time, stocks of expired masks etc. My country allowing the vaccine manufacturers to move to China as they could do it cheaper.
        The mRNA vaccines are a bright spot, but new ones will still n

  • Like wow (Score:1, Funny)

    by Anonymous Coward

    And a casual difference or two could have prevented Hitler's parents ever meeting and then Godwin's law would be completely different.

    • by HiThere ( 15173 )

      Yes, that is funny. And also a valid point. The summary even hints at that with

      "It gives you some perspective â" these events are probably happening much more frequently than we realize. They just don't quite make it and we never hear about them," Worobey said...

  • Is how many times did a pandemic almost happen, but didn't?

    When playing Russian Roulette, it doesn't matter how long a hot streak you have going for you. Eventually you're gonna lose.

  • by iamacat ( 583406 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @01:57PM (#61182676)

    The outbreak could have been possibly contained in Wuhan or in China, or at least delayed enough for vaccine to come before much mortality. That's even discounting any nefarious research that made a natural virus worse.

    • they probably wouldn't have gotten away with covering it up. That's why they were there in the first place, but they were pulled out for political reasons.
    • by HiThere ( 15173 )

      Sorry, but that's wrong. Also misunderstanding what happened.

      What happened: A local bureaucrat wanted to look good to the higher-ups, so he suppressed bad news that he didn't expect to be as bad as it was. (Yes, he was excessively forceful in his suppression, and yes, that's a bad policy, and yes, it's common in China, but it wasn't a government policy that caused the problem...unless you mean their whole style of government, in which case the US response doesn't look any better WRT this event.)

      But when

  • That's the vector this virus needed to spread. It would have been a tragic, local story if people didn't jet all over the world with the virus in tow.
    • by HiThere ( 15173 )

      Not this time. The two week latency before symptoms show up allow anything much faster than a cross-pacific ship to carry it around and share it without problems.

      Usually, though, I pretty much agree with your sentiments, and certain the faster the transport the more rapidly diseases spread.

  • by dmay34 ( 6770232 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @02:07PM (#61182724)

    You know how SARS, MERs, Swine Flu, Eblola, etc. didn't become a pandemic like Covid? It's because of a complete failure of leadership by the Trump administration.

    For a century, America has been telling the world that in the event of a crisis the world should look to the US for leadership. And we have made that claim with credibility. Covid is not the first global crisis the world has seen. In previous crisis we have provided the international leadership and science to manage and mitigate the problems and prevent catastrophe.

    But, when Covid struck, and the entire world looked to the US for leadership, what they found was a bumbling baffoon who was woefully, laughably in capable of managing the crisis. Then it was clear that every nation was on their own, and thus we have the pandemic we have now.

    • I don’t think it is quite fair to focus all the blame on the Trump administration for it becoming a pandemic— they had a few big mis-steps for sure and actual leadership might have reduced the impact but not eliminate it.

      CDC and WHO putting as much energy into saying the primary vector of transmission was surfaces and droplets was the big mistake early on that could have changed the course of the spread dramatically.

      • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

        by dmay34 ( 6770232 )

        The CDC were trying to do their best with the information they had, but they were running uphill from the beginning because Trump had utterly failed to bring the world together to beat it back. China is certainly at fault too, but there was a brief moment in time where everyone was looking to the US for leadership and we could have staged and international effort to crush it quick -like we have done before.

        • Half the cases or thereabouts are completely asymptomatic and many are contagious while asymptomatic. You don’t have to do the math, it would spread exponentially without drastic measures being taken. If the infected glowed bright green, or we could smell it like dogs, covid and any pretty much disease wouldn’t be an issue - we would know exactly who has it. But with covid, and early on with no mass testing available, it would be nearly impossible to stop even with a massive lockdown that wa
          • by dmay34 ( 6770232 )

            And yet, China, South Korea, Australia, Japan, and many many others have somehow successfully suppressed their spread.

            • Yes, it appears the #1 correlating feature among countries, the per capita spread, illness and death, all hinges on having a coordinated national response. Yelling “Pandemic” and then a mad scramble of everyone for themselves fares worse than even half thought through, poorly implemented plans. Japan never really shut down totally, they used masks and social distancing, robust testing, and localized shut downs to combat it. Australia had some authoritarian total shutdowns while China’s
    • Re: (Score:2, Funny)

      by Anonymous Coward
      Historians will later discover that in 2022 Trump used a Russian time machine to attempt to change the 2020 election results, but stupidly goes back 677 years instead of 677 days and causes the Black Death.
    • by Dirk Becher ( 1061828 ) on Sunday March 21, 2021 @03:08PM (#61182914)

      Germany here. We're still struggling despite drastic measures (lockdowns, app tracking etc.) that were not necessary when SARS struck. This thing is just a whole new calibre.

    • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

      by GuB-42 ( 2483988 )

      You know how SARS, MERs, Swine Flu, Eblola, etc. didn't become a pandemic like Covid? It's because of a complete failure of leadership by the Trump administration.

      Trump has nothing to do with it, or so little that it is negligible. You are giving US presidents way too much credit.
      The big difference between Covid and the others you cited is that Covid has a very infectious pre-symptomatic or even asymptomatic phase. For SARS, MERS and Ebola, you just needed to take appropriate precautions around sick patients for the epidemic to die off. As for swine flu, it essentially ran uncontrolled, luckily for us, it wasn't worse than seasonal flu.

    • by ghoul ( 157158 )
      SARS , MERS and EBOLA did not become pandemics as they were too deadly - they killed too many of their victims too fast to have opportunity to spread. Someone with Covid may just try to gut it through and go to office and spread it there. SARS, MERS and EBOLA make you bedridden within a day so not much opportunity to spread it Swine Flu did become a pandemic. It just wasnt as deadly as Covid as existing flu medicines worked against it nd most of the population had flu vaccines which give some level of pro
    • by swillden ( 191260 ) <shawn-ds@willden.org> on Monday March 22, 2021 @10:07AM (#61185324) Journal

      But, when Covid struck, and the entire world looked to the US for leadership, what they found was a bumbling baffoon who was woefully, laughably in capable of managing the crisis. Then it was clear that every nation was on their own, and thus we have the pandemic we have now.

      I think you're giving the US too much credit and Trump too much blame. Yes, a better-organized international response would likely have helped to reduce the impact, but that response wouldn't have begun until after the disease had already reached significant population in multiple countries.

    • Personally I think Trump is the worst President the US has ever had, but blaming him primarily for Covid becoming a pandemic is insanely simplistic.

      This [nymag.com] article goes into some details on how things got out of hand. It's a much more complicated matter than you might think, with plenty of blame to go around.
  • The virus likely began human to human transmission in lathe October/November 2019 timeframe. It was unlikely and single source, but rather travel between rural areas where the virus originated to urban areas. We also know it was present in Europe in December of that year. This was not a case of single vector. This is a very aggressive virus that is very good at being a virus. Fortunately years of government funded research has given us many tools to protect ourselves from viruses. Unfortunately 2019 i and
  • https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/02/05/coronavirus-origins-mystery-china/

    The wet market hypothesis is not as likely as the research lab hypothesis.

  • Where most people don't have sick days they can use to stay home when they're sick. They're forced to use vacation days, if they even have them, to cover the sick days. US doesn't have government mandated minimum vacation days and sick days.
  • A lot better off if the plug had been pulled on them earlier. But all those Trump rallies happened and then there is the current spring break.
    Won't people ever learn?
    no... they won't (sad fact really)

  • "The study indicates only about a dozen people were infected between October and December"

    Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were retrospectively detected in stored blood samples from September 2019 in Italy.

    Source: Sage Journal: Unexpected detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the prepandemic period in Italy [sagepub.com]
    • by Whibla ( 210729 )

      It's an interesting article, but something doesn't seem right.

      If we accept the numbers they're showing that would indicate that ~15% of Italians had (had) Covid-19 by September of 2019, and ~15% of Italians (still) had (had) Covid-19 a month later by October of 2019. Then, for some unknown reason, the incidence dropped to virtually nothing, before climbing again to a peak of 20% in February of 2020.

      Ok, I may be making a huge error in assuming that the incidence rate in those signed up to a cancer screening

  • Some of you may remember Li Wenlian [wikipedia.org] who was punished for "leaking" information about the virus and subsequently died from it.

    You may not recall or even know about Jiang Yanyong [wikipedia.org] who in an eerily similar way leaked information to the foreign press regarding the earlier SARS outbreak. The wiki article claims this may have made a difference. The real difference might be that Yanyong is a senior member of the CCP so they didn't feel like they could attack him so easily. He even wrote about Tienamen, which is

  • I'm so glad everything ended well and we're all gonna die.
  • In 2020 everything lined up exactly right.
  • ergo as the global population increases, expect more viruses to be successful.

    Viral pandemics are therefore inevitable and will become more frequent.

    We've seen this in cow, pig, and chicken populations wherever we have upped the density for profit. What lessons do we take away?

  • Everything that has ever happened almost didn't happen.

    In addition, the assumption that the virus got spread at the market is far from proven.

  • It's pretty obvious that the emergence of infectious diseases and zoonosis is a stochastic process. Also, it's likely that there were other potential pandemics that fell the other way and didn't get out of hand.

    What's more important is that all nations should acquire a baseline level of culture, and stop eating bats, pangolins and other wild animals. The Chinese should also stop their weird belief that rhino and elephant parts, ground and consumed, help restore low libido. The Japanese should stop whaling f

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