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Science

Toxic Air Pollution Particles Found In Human Brains (theguardian.com) 93

Damian Carrington, writing for The Guardian: Toxic nanoparticles from air pollution have been discovered in human brains in "abundant" quantities, a newly published study reveals. The detection of the particles, in brain tissue from 37 people, raises concerns because recent research has suggested links between these magnetite particles and Alzheimer's disease, while air pollution has been shown to significantly increase the risk of the disease. However, the new work is still a long way from proving that the air pollution particles cause or exacerbate Alzheimer's. "This is a discovery finding, and now what should start is a whole new examination of this as a potentially very important environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease," said Prof Barbara Maher, at Lancaster University, who led the new research. "Now there is a reason to go on and do the epidemiology and the toxicity testing, because these particles are so prolific and people are exposed to them." Air pollution is a global health crisis that kills more people than malaria and HIV/Aids combined and it has long been linked to lung and heart disease and strokes. But research is uncovering new impacts on health, including degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, mental illness and reduced intelligence.
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Toxic Air Pollution Particles Found In Human Brains

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  • I need to switch to bottled air. The natural stuff is getting to dangerous.
    • Spaceballs did it
    • Close enough? [google.com]

    • by Anonymous Coward

      Too bad plastic bottles have been proven toxic. Air or water in toxic bottles would be a poor way to evade toxins.

    • I need to switch to bottled air. The natural stuff is getting to dangerous.

      Ironically, we label bottled water that we store in BPA-infused containers as some kind of safe alternative...

      • by Anonymous Coward

        Most bottled water and reusable consumer plastic water bottles are BPA free. You are far more likely to eat food that has absorbed BPA by eating anything from a metal can than you are from your bottled water.

    • Me too. There's an air bottling factory next to the magnetite factory that bottles some amazing stuff.
      Just as safe as bottled water.

    • by Falos ( 2905315 )
      You jest, but fearthink sells. If adults won't buy it* for themselves, put kids on the box. Spending more on babytech means you were a better parent.

      * air purifiers, ionizers, filters, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, picture hangers, paper cutters, waffle irons, [striketag]antibacterial gluten-free canned air[/there is no strike tag]
    • And now I see the business model for Oxygen bars. What a way to spend a Friday evening out with the guys...
  • Moms basement must be pretty polluted with these particles based on all the stupid posts I see on here.
  • Toxic Air Pollution Particles Found In Human Brains

    That actually explains a lot.

  • by JoeyRox ( 2711699 ) on Tuesday September 06, 2016 @09:27AM (#52834217)
    This is particularly true for Alzheimer's, where research has had several false starts trying to correlate cellular-level brain observations to the disease.
  • by gurps_npc ( 621217 ) on Tuesday September 06, 2016 @09:28AM (#52834231) Homepage

    Frankly, we haven't done a good job managing pollution. Not enough research - generally because entrenched interests fight attempts to do the research. And too much partisan politics involved. Issue got pegged as liberal vs conservative rather than healthy vs non-healthy

    • The dirty little secret is that majority rule causes brain damage...

    • by Anonymous Coward on Tuesday September 06, 2016 @10:09AM (#52834475)
      It should be easy to test. Extremely polluted countries or regions (Bangladesh, parts of India, parts of China) should have higher incidence or earlier onset or both of Alzheimer's if this is true. If they don't - then it must be some other factor. Perhaps it is the same thing that allows Alzheimer's to form Amyloid plaques also allows these particles to cross the blood-brain barrier? In which cause there is only correlation and no causation.
      • Or perhaps if they don't show higher incidence or earlier onset they're polluting with something other than magnetite?
      • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

        Problem is that those areas have generally poor levels of health and healthcare anyway, and people don't live long enough to see the expected effects. If it brings on problems 10 years earlier but the subject dies of something else first...

        It's very difficult to do controlled studies on humans like this, which is why mice are often used. Also, you don't have to wait decades to see the results in mice.

    • Democracy is really good at promising welfare and benefits for individuals, because those vote in groups, but not for avoiding actual problems, which will inconvenience someone.

      Think about what must be done to reduce air pollution: someone must give up their cars, or not get one, or have them be too expensive; somebody's imports must cost more because we limit sea shipping; someone will have their dreams dashed because they cannot engage in landfill-producing or energy-intensive practices to launch their in

      • Democracy has the same purpose every government structure has, keeping the majority from revolting while the elite remain elite and live off their labors.
        • Democracy has the same purpose every government structure has, keeping the majority from revolting while the elite remain elite and live off their labors.

          Instead of divine right, we must now accept this because it's the "will of the people." As the libertarian political theorist and economist Rothbard put it,

          The intellectual arguments used by the State throughout history to “engineer consent” by the public can be classified into two parts: (1) that rule by the existing government is inevitable, absolutely necessary, and far better than the indescribable evils that would ensue upon its downfall; and (2) that the State rulers are especially great, wise, and altruistic men—far greater, wiser, and better than their simple subjects. In former times, the latter argument took the form of rule by “divine right” or by the “divine ruler” himself, or by an “aristocracy” of men. In modern times, as we indicated earlier, this argument stresses not so much divine approval as rule by a wise guild of “scientific experts” especially endowed in knowledge of statesmanship and the arcane facts of the world. The increasing use of scientific jargon, especially in the social sciences, has permitted intellectuals to weave apologia for State rule which rival the ancient priestcraft in obscurantism. For example, a thief who presumed to justify his theft by saying that he was really helping his victims by his spending, thus giving retail trade a needed boost, would be hooted down without delay. But when this same theory is clothed in Keynesian mathematical equations and impressive references to the “multiplier effect,” it carries far more conviction with a bamboozled public.

          The government merely takes from one group to give to another, usually benefiting the rulers:

          State power, as we have seen, is the coercive and parasitic seizure of this production—a draining of the fruits of society for the benefit of nonproductive (actually antiproductive) rulers. While social power is over nature, State power is power over man.

          • Sounds about right. But we need some form of leadership; what replaces the State?

            • Personally, instead of trying to minimize government I'd rather minimize the scale of government. Just like the free market concept stops working when there are two few choices and consumers have too little mobility so does government. A much weaker federal structure and stronger states would help this but breaking it further into weaker states and stronger voting district size chunks would be much better. Don't like the policies where you live, move to another district.

              The current system where there is a s
        • I would not mind this, if our leaders were also good and took only a reasonable amount. Instead, they take almost everything, and they seem to be some combination of incompetent, perverse, pathological, megalomaniac, and deranged.

          A parasite takes for itself and gives back only as much as it has to; a leader serves the interest of the civilization, which he sees as bound up with his own success.

      • You are making poor assumptions about it being a zero sum game.. Specifically, you are assuming that what we do now is the best we could possibly do.

        We don't need to "give up" cars, we could switch to less polluting cars. Doesn't even have to be electrical, just smaller ones.

        We can EASILY limit our impact WITHOUT being anti-indivualistic. All you need to do is set up well designed taxes and laws and ENFORCE them.

        A simple carbon tax applied universally would drive the price of more polluting methods - i.e

    • And crazy everything natural/organic/non-gmo/animal rights people pollute the waters and prevent rationale discussion that is actually based on science. Unfortunately, certain subjects draw extremists like flies, the possibility of extraterrestrial life, anything negative the government might be doing, global banking, private prisons, etc.

      Just look at what the NSA was doing, geeks knew about the FBI programs in the 90's, they knew where the tech was and could "follow the money" so to speak. Assuming the NSA
    • by ebvwfbw ( 864834 )

      I'm glad how far we've come since Nixon created the EPA. Back then we had rivers catching on fire. Lead in gasoline and detectable on the side of the road - easily. Smog. Fish floating to the surface of the Potomac river that flows by Washington. Bad times. Used to be you wouldn't swim in the Hudson by NYC. Now you can.

      I think we have a ways to go, however.

  • by ashshy ( 40594 ) <pooh AT poetic DOT com> on Tuesday September 06, 2016 @09:30AM (#52834237) Homepage Journal

    Right? :)

  • Spoiler Alert! (Score:3, Insightful)

    by Anonymous Coward on Tuesday September 06, 2016 @09:54AM (#52834377)

    When you look at first world rates of cancer/Alzheimers, is this really surprising? Like, at all?

    SOMETHING out there is causing it, and writing it off as a "disease of age" isn't going to bring us any closer to a solution.

    Takes me back to my time working at a paint store. The company went to great lengths to make their paint formulas as environmentally safe and healthy (as low VOC) as possible for the environment/customer.

    Try and tell that to the customer, though... and the response was always "that sh!t don't work" or "that sh!t don't hold up" gimme the "good stuff". We also need to convince people that this is something worth fighting/changing our ways for.

    Maybe the evidence that all this pollution and who-knows-what-the-hell-else is actually showing up in our brains will be the push people need.

    • Well there is a lot of truth there. Something like paints might make a poor example of it but most environmentally friendly efforts are snake oil. Everyone also looks out for their own interests. A paint manufacturer might charge more for that environmentally safe and healthy paint and/or choose the options that result in paint with a less durable finish and/or poorer coverage with the net result being that people pay more for paint. Even if the paint manufacturer isn't intentionally using environmentally f
    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

      The only way is to ban the bad stuff, otherwise people will just act selfishly as often as not. It's human nature.

  • When a zombie eats your brain you can take some satisfaction from knowing that he's going to die. Again.

  • by zenlessyank ( 748553 ) on Tuesday September 06, 2016 @10:19AM (#52834525)

    I'm sure all those nuclear tests and all that nuclear material that got blasted into the upper atmosphere has had NO effect on humanity. I am also sure that the underwater detonations in the ocean had no effect either.

    • Didnt that contribute to the van Allen belts, and is part of the reason why astronauts get so much radiation exposure?
      • Not sure about that but I would not doubt anything anymore. I know it wasn't good for us. And since the half-life on some radiation is measured in thousands of years.

        • by GESUS ( 557517 )

          The whole planet is radioactive, the the universe outside is even more so.
          Those tests almost certainly had no lasting effect, the amounts of material was minute. The average life time consumption of bananas will outstrip any effect of any radioactive waste you will encounter in your lifetime. Unless you expose yourself on purpose.

          I am Swedish and I remember when Chernobyl went pop, it was forbidden to sell meat where the winds spread radioactive dust. In the end though, no increase in cancer has been measur

  • Let's wait and see how bad Alzheimer's is for this and the next generation of Chinese... They have the such bad air pollution, and it may mirror what happened to the earlier generation of Americans, when goods(and major pollution) were still being produced in the USA.
  • If the effect were strong, it would have been picked up by epidemiological studies long ago. There are much more pressing medical issues that require reducing particulate emissions, which is why many countries have already cleaned up their act: http://www.nasa.gov/topics/ear... [nasa.gov]

    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      by mlegatt ( 4702383 )
      It has been - e.g., http://www.apa.org/monitor/201... [apa.org]. Because they're caused by ultrafine particulates (something which is harder to track relative to the larger PM10 and PM2.5), it takes long term exposure and accumulation to be better detectable. Also UFPM moves different than PM10/2.5 relative to wind, and is emitted in inconsistent ratios (e.g., from combustion across natural gas, coal, petroleum, etc.). For example, the two main sources of UFPM from driving an internal combustion vehicle are due to c
      • by rch7 ( 4086979 )

        Heavy long range battery cars are worse than ICE on PM.
        "Non-exhaust sources account for 90% of PM10 and 85% of PM2.5 from traffic."
        http://www.sciencedirect.com/s... [sciencedirect.com]
        That is average, but if you take performance cars with excessive acceleration capability and soft tires, PM emissions are increasing drastically due to acceleration. It may get worse than some "clean diesel" economy car.

      • It has been - e.g., http://www.apa.org/monitor/201 [apa.org]... [apa.org].

        No, it wasn't picked up "long ago". The article you point to shows research since the 2000's, doesn't talk about magnetite, and shows weak associations after people specifically looked for this effect. So, the effect may be real, but it can't be all that strong, otherwise it would have shown up much earlier.

        For example, the two main sources of UFPM from driving an internal combustion vehicle are due to combustion (out of the tailpipe), and the

  • This research and its scary implications has been going on for quite some time, and ties to ultrafine particulates that are small enough to pass through the blood-brain barrier (e.g., Calderon-Garcuidenas et al, 2008 [sciencedirect.com]- , and APA Monitor on Psychology 2012 [apa.org].
  • by buck-yar ( 164658 ) on Tuesday September 06, 2016 @12:29PM (#52835639)

    So toxic particles are in our brains, how do we get them out, chelating?

    • by JustNiz ( 692889 )

      Got the following from here: http://articles.mercola.com/si... [mercola.com]

      Your body has a system to efficiently remove mercury and other heavy metals, as long as your detoxification system is working properly. The problem is, many have one that's broken, and one of the principal causes is inflammation. Your genetic makeup is another factor.

      The glutathione system is your body's main detoxification system. Glutathione binds to heavy metals, but it doesn't do it alone, it requires the assistance of enzymes, antioxidants,

      • Mercola spends his time peddling new-age-sounding and medical-sounding fraud. Trusting him is like trusting Enron on running an electrical grid.

        • by JustNiz ( 692889 )

          Interesting. Thanks.
          From other reading, it does seem that there's a lot of potential positives to trying to supplement/strengthen your body's glutathione system though. Its not as simple as taking Glutathione orally as it doesn't get absorbed so consider alternatives, such as taking it nasally or supplementing the inputs to your own glutathione production.

      • "Mercola" is the technical Latin term for 'complete shit'.

    • So toxic particles are in our brains, how do we get them out, chelating?

      An extremely through colon cleanse.

  • Makes you wonder how bad the health effects of indoor laser printer pollution will turn out to be. The toner nanoparticles are much more dense in operation than people realize. See serious academics:
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pm... [nih.gov]
    http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/wp-co... [nih.gov] "Effects of Laser Printer–Emitted Engineered Nanoparticles on Cytotoxicity, Chemokine Expression, Reactive Oxygen Species, DNA Methylation, and DNA Damage: A Comprehensive in Vitro Analysis in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells, Macrophage

  • Any chance that EM sensitivity is really caused by magnetic particles in the sufferer's brain?

    One pre-mortem way to look for evidence is to see if there's a correlation between length of time spent in zones of high air pollution and complaint severity. Heck, if magnetite is found in the brain, then it must be in the blood stream, too, and other tissues as well. There's potentially some serious science to be done here.

  • Here is a map of air pollution in the United States http://www.nws.noaa.gov/airqua... [noaa.gov] Here is a map of mental illness in the United States http://www.medicaldaily.com/sa... [medicaldaily.com] If toxic particles from the air are getting into human brains, could this be related?
  • I hope, we don't, run out of commas.

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