Scientist Claims There's Even More Evidence of Planet Nine's Existence (theverge.com) 141
An anonymous reader cites an article on The Verge: More evidence is pointing toward a mysterious Neptune-sized planet lurking at the outer edges of our Solar System. One of the scientists who claimed in January to have found strong evidence for a ninth planet -- temporarily named 'Planet Nine' -- now says there are even more clues that support the world's existence. Mike Brown, a planetary astronomer at Caltech University, originally concluded that Planet Nine most likely exists after studying the behaviors of six objects in the Kuiper Belt -- the large cloud of icy bodies that orbit the Sun beyond Neptune. Now Brown is claiming that another Kuiper Belt object supports his theory. The object shares some of the same behavior as the other six Kuiper Belt bodies, suggesting it has also been pushed by a large planet that is between 200 and 1,200 times the distance from the Sun to Earth.
Inevitable (Score:5, Funny)
There will always be nine planets. If you get rid of one of the planets, it is inevitable another will come along to fill the void.
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no, it would be a small moon.
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Re:Inevitable (Score:5, Funny)
There will always be nine planets. If you get rid of one of the planets, it is inevitable another will come along to fill the void.
Always nine there are: The Master and the Apprentice, Gilligan, the Skipper, the Millionaire and his wife, the Movie star, the Professor and Mary Anne.
At least that is how I learned it in school. "My Angry Grandmother Serves Many Waffle Meals Per Month"
I'm thinking Kobold... (Score:2)
There's a Pak protector out there with a small sphere of Neutronium, holding a small personal planetoid together with proper gravity. :)
He told Larry Niven everything while wasted in a bar, and modern SF was born. :)
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Yup. Should be Planet Ten.
Actually, since reclassifying Pluto as a "dwarf planet", they've also started calling Ceres a dwarf planet also. If Pluto gets re-added to the list, they'll probably also re-add Ceres (as it was considered a planet for a number of years after discovery) making Pluto number 10 and this one number 11. Otherwise, this will be the ninth non-dwarf planet.
Red lectroids drool (Score:2, Funny)
Lord John Whorfin: Where are we going?
The Red Lectroids: Planet Ten!
Lord John Whorfin: When?
The Red Lectroids: Real soon!
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My only regret is that I have no mod points to mod you up for the BB reference.
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So if eris is planet 11, "Planet 9" should be Planet 12.
Make that Planet 14. Right now there are a total of five officially-recognized dwarf planets in the solar system, in addition to the eight proper planets: Ceres, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris.
Well except Haumea shouldn't count (Score:2)
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"Spherical" is not a part of any official definition. The term is "hydrostatic equilibrium", which only means spherical when the object isn't rotating. In fact, planets are often (always?) non-spherical due to their rotation, even Earth. Haumea is rotating really fast, which has pulled it into the odd football shape. If it wasn't in hydrostatic equilibrium, it wouldn't have even gotten a "dwarf planet" designation.
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Preview does no good if you're convinced your write the first time.
(OK that was intentional.)
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Which was intentional? The "write" or the "your"? Or both?
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duh! the phonetically correct but badly spelled "you're right"
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Let's called it "Planet 9 from Outer Space."
I say we call it 'Pltuo'. All the mnemonics that people have learned throughout the years to remember the names and order of the planets from the sun can then be reused, all kinds of hilarity could be had for years to come with auto correct sending people to the wrong information.
Gravitational disturbances (Score:2)
So.. the orbits of several comets were disturbed by something large moving through our solar system at some point in the past. While I grant that a large planet is the most mundane explanation.. this could also be caused by either a rogue planet falling into our sun, or.. dare I say.. a very large alien craft moving though our system at some point in the past.
Re:Gravitational disturbances (Score:5, Informative)
> So.. the orbits of several comets were disturbed by something large moving through our solar system at some point in the past.
Actually, by repeatedly disturbing the orbits of these Scattered Disk objects, so their orbital parameters are opposite the proposed planet. In that location, the planet doesn't disturb them any more, so they stay put. A single pass of a rogue planet would not change the orbits of *anything* that much, and once that one pass was done with, the Scattered Disk Objects would drift away from their anti-alignment.
We see other examples of this "gravity shepherding". For example, Pluto and the Plutinos stay in a 3:2 resonance orbit with Neptune, because Neptune's gravity keeps them there.
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Trojan "moons" (or "asteroids" ; pick a category) might be better examples. Much better established, with the math having been accepted for several centuries now.
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Your explanation makes the whole "9th planet theory" seems increasingly less plausible. If they are postulating a planet because a few cherry picked examples happened to be orbiting the sun on the same side of the solar system then they are fools. Anyone can cherry pick 8 objects which indicate something when taken in isolation of everything else in the solar system.
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A "rogue planet" (as in, one not gravitationally bound to any star) in that part of the Sun's environment, in a relatively short (few thousands of years) period of time is from first principles much less likely. But it wouldn't produce this pattern of orbits (with the appropriate KBOs at different parts of their orbit then and now) anyway.
A putative spacecraft would literally have t
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The categories of "asteroid" and "comet" are accidents of history, and how they were first discovered. In reality, most every object beyond the "frost line" has lots of water ice and other compounds we consider frozen gases (ammonia, methane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.). The frost line is the distance from the Sun where water can remain frozen, and thus could condense out of the Solar Nebula. Closer than that and you get dry objects. It happens to be at 2.8 AU, which is the middle of the Asteroid Be
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Or it could be caused by the non existence of the "Kupiter Belt"
It's a bit late to bring up that concern. We already have observed numerous members of that belt.
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What's that got to do with this?
What's the point of the publicity? (Score:2, Interesting)
No matter how many more such bodies are found, the story won't be complete until and unless Planet Nine is actually observed and its orbital parameters calculated (I assume that precovery images will be located after the first observations).
We may "hear" it instead (Score:2)
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Planet 9 ? Meh. . . . (Score:5, Funny)
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I'd like to go there real soon.
plan 9 from outer space! (Score:2)
plan 9 from outer space!
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That movie was first thing I thought of when I saw the title of this article. Good job!
Hold on to your wallets everyone ... (Score:1)
... the last time they searched for the 9th planet [history.com] the economy tanked!
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No, that's a hypothesis with some supporting evidence.
A scientific Theory is a *well-confirmed* explanation of nature - i.e. has solid supporting evidence and commonly widespread acceptance within the field. It differs from a scientific Law primarily in spelling and historical timing - Law having fallen out of common use as we came to accept that our understanding of the universe is far shakier than we once imagined.
Caltech University?? (Score:1)
Ain't no such thing.
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Why has this gone unnoticed or at least unchallenged by all but a single anonymous coward? There is no "Caltech University", although there is a suspiciously similar California Institute of Technology, which every so often is referenced by the abbreviation CalTech....
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If they hadn't demoted Pluto (Score:1)
it could be called Planet X.
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You mean as in "Fire Maidens From Planet X"? That's one of the candidates for worst movie ever.
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A far out planet could be useful for gravitational assists to the outer solar system.
Pedantically speaking... An actual gravity assist from the planet itself would be worth little - certainly not enough to justify the 1,000+ year diversion (not exaggerating) required to actually take advantage of it.
Getting a gravity assist is analogous to bouncing off of the assisting body. If the body is moving quickly and in an appropriate direction, the spacecraft can pick up a lot of speed (relative to the rest of the solar system) in the process. These conditions would certainly not apply to the hypot
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. A gravity assist cannot boost the velocity of the spacecraft by more than the velocity of the assisting body.
That is wrong.
The gravity assist comes from the difference of duration "falling" to the body "from behind" versus escaping the gravity field when "in front" of the body.
While both is related to the speed of both bodies, the addition is "energy" and/or "momentum", and the result is a much higher speed increase then just the speed of the "pulling body".
The rest of your logic is right. Nice "upgrade"
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Note: For simplicity, I shall assume a Newtonian two-body system (meaning the only significant force, is the gravitational pull of a single massive planet upon a passing spaceship).
That is wrong.
Indeed it is; I forgot a factor of two: the actual limit [wikipedia.org] is twice the assisting body's speed. That's just the theoretical maximum, though; getting close to this in practice requires:
1) A massive assisting body (many moons are too small to be useful)
2) A very close approach (the need not to collide with the body limits this param
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The gravity assist comes from the difference of duration "falling" to the body "from behind" versus escaping the gravity field when "in front" of the body.
This is incorrect;
No it is not ;D pfffft. As you explained so eloquent and quoted wikipedia:
"A close terrestrial analogy is provided by a tennis ball bouncing off the front of a moving train. Imagine standing on a train platform, and throwing a ball at 30 km/h toward a train approaching at 50 km/h. The driver of the train sees the ball approaching at 80 km/h and then departing at 80 km/h after the ball bounces elastically off the front of the train. Because of the train's motion, however, that departure is at 130 km/h relati
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From the point of view of the sun, it is exactly as I explained above. You fly quicker out of the "gravity well" then you needed time to enter it.
Sorry, but no. Such a thing would be possible under Relativity, but in Newtonian mechanics all observers must agree about the timing of events (provided that they are truly being asked the same question).
In the train example, an observer on the platform and one on the train will both give the same answer to the following questions:
1) How much time passed from the point at which the ball was 10 meters from the front of the train, until it hit the train?
2) How much time passed from the point at which the ball
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Sorry, but no.
Your explanation left aside: Sorry, but yes.
1) How much time passed from the point at which the ball was 10 meters from the front of the train, until it hit the train?
x seconds
2) How much time passed from the point at which the ball hit the train, until it was again 10 meters from the front of the train?
x-dV seconds
The ball gains momentum from the train in an elastic collision. The train loses momentum.
Or in other words: in the second question the ball is faster than in the fist question and
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The ball gains momentum from the train in an elastic collision. The train loses momentum.
Or in other words: in the second question the ball is faster than in the first question and the train is slower.
Let [mA] be the mass of the smaller object.
Let [mB] be the mass of the larger object.
Let [vA0] and [vB0] be the pre-collision velocities of the two objects.
Let [vA1] and [vB1] be the post-collision velocities of the two objects.
Let [AB] = [mA] / [mB], which is the ratio of the lesser mass to the greater.
With a little algebra: [mB] = [mA] / [AB]
By the law of conservation of momentum: [mA]*[vA0] + [mB]*[vB0] = [mA]*[vA1] + [mB]*[vB1]
By substitution: [mA]*[vA0] + ([mA] / [AB])*[vB0] = [mA]*[vA1] +
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[5.8*10^7 s] + [1.16*10^-11 s]
That should obviously be a minus in the middle, not a plus; the escape is faster, not slower.
there is simply NO WAY that taking an extra 1/100th of a nanosecond to escape
Again, this should be "taking one 1/100th of a nanosecond less to escape", not "more".
I should really proof-read this stuff more carefully - but in this case it does not change the ultimate conclusion at all.
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You caught me. ;-)
(In particular, the bit about a large moon in a low orbit being useful, even if the planet itself is not, is something I don't recall every seeing pointed out in any of the "serious" discussion I've read on this topic - but should be rather obvious to anyone who's experimented much with gravity assists in the Jool system.)
Public vote for naming IX... (Score:5, Funny)
I vote for Planety McPlanet.
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Shouldn't that be Planety McPlanetface?
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fuck off, this is my joke.
Technically it's not (Score:2)
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It's more evidence for a weird phenomenon where a bunch of bodies behave in a very non-random, coincidental way.
If a bunch of bodies in space move in a very non-random, coincidental way, there must be a mass pulling on them. There's no other remotely credible explanation.
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What that mass is doesn't necessarily mean a large Neptune sized body. It could have just as easily been the effect of numerous small ort cloud objects or even the interplay between the all or collisions between them.
He's got a solution in look for evidence, personally I prefer evidence that's explained by a solution. All too often people that have answers and are looking for data to back up their answer are wrong.
My name (Score:1)
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It should at least start with P so that we can bring back "My Very Educated Mother Just Showed Us Nine Planets."
where are all the Nibiru cranks? (Score:2)
And that other bullshitting crackpot Erik Von Danniken and his wee fanyboy asshole, Giorgio A. Tsoukalos - the idiot you see on Ancient Aliens (and I mean that he was/is the chief of Dannikens fan club and is now somehow an expert???).. BUT the hilarious thing is this.....
Michael Heiser , an actual Mesopotamian language scholar says to debunk Sitchin and co [youtube.com]
an
its a dwarf planet! (Score:2)
This is what happens when you write naming conventions in order to "get" a planet for political reasons!
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in order to "get" a planet for political reasons!
Out of curiosity - what were these "political reasons"? Was Pluto threatening to run as a third party candidate or something?
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It was planning to trade oil in Euros.
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Ha ha. Very funny. I'm not that dumb. Pluto has been politically marginalized - not "liberated" by the military.
My fellow Americans, it is with sadness and righteous anger that I make this address to you tonight, for new intelligence indicates that Pluto is not a democracy. This great crime against humanity and the American people must not go unavenged!
Furthermore, Pluto has maintained a cold, indifferent silence in the face of all demands to publicly denounce Al Quaeda and the Islamic State. No response has been received to our request to join our Coalition of the Willing.
Taking into consideration its massive stocks of carbon monoxide - a potential chemical warfare agent - it becomes clear that Pluto represents an imminent, existential threat to the security of the American People and the American Way of Life, justifying a pre-emptive military intervention. (But I will direct any legal challenges to this doctrine to the United Nations Security Council, whose formal resolutions we respect.)
Therefore, effective immediately, I am launching Operation Democracy Export So That Rights are Observed, Yeah. The first wave of autonomous B83 military advisors [wikipedia.org] are en route as we speak.
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If you, for whatever reasons you have, think that is what happened, then nothing short of full-blown ECT is going to argue you out of it.
If you're actually interested in what happened, then here's some information for you. The discovery of Eris (by Mike Brown a.k.a @PlutoKiller and team) which was probably bigger than Pluto and clearly had not in any sense "cleared it's orbit," then it became obvious tha
Orbital Attitude (Score:2)
If no one has directly observed this planet how can we know it's lurking? Perhaps it's sauntering. Maybe walking assertively? Skipping? Where is the evidence for lurking?
James Webb Space Telescope useful here? (Score:2)
I think with the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope in 2018, this may be the instrument that could find that supposed large object--based on its infrared signature--orbiting a long distance from the Sun, possibly taking around 10,000 years to orbit our Solar System.
But is it a gas giant planet as now proposed? Is it possible the object may actually be a faint brown dwarf star, one that is much smaller than our gas giant planets but with a diameter a couple times that of Earth itself? If it's a brown d
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I think there has already been some work on that and the expected dimensions (therefore surface area) and temperature (assume it formed similarly to Uranus and Neptune, but received less solar irradiation ; deduce a plausible range of temperatures) put it outside the likely sensitive range for current I
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The infrared sensor on JWST may not be able to find a gas giant planet that far out from the Sun. But it may find my proposed small brown dwarf (which may have a fairly significant heat signature) orbiting around the Sun in a very elliptical orbit that at its closest pass is still well beyond the orbit of Pluto--probably beyond the orbit of Sedna, too.
My suggestion makes more sense given that binary star systems are a lot more common than people think.
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That, a brown dwarf, would be a minimum of about 80 Jupiter masses by current (reasonably accurate) astrophysics. We do things like blow up bombs which probe the physics of this behaviour - we're reasonably sure that those masses are reasonably accurate.
Pseudoscience Fakery (Score:1)
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That's true, Texans always blame the Clinton WH.
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That was one of the proposed criteria. If you believe that it was one of the accepted grounds, then you either haven't followed the actual science (highly likely), or you've been listening to really poor press reporting (of which there is a lot) and misunderstood the science.
For what it's worth, I argued for the roundness criterion (sometimes described by the orbits and dynamics people as "a materials scie