AI Astronomer Aids Effort To Analyze Galaxies 40
kkleiner writes "Scientists are teaching an artificial intelligence how to classify galaxies imaged by telescopes like the Hubble. Manda Banerji at the University of Cambridge, along with researchers at University College London, Johns Hopkins, and elsewhere, has succeeded in getting the program to agree with human analysis at an impressive rate of more than 90%. Banerji used data from Galaxy Zoo, a massive online project that has used more than 250,000 volunteers to analyze more than 60 million galaxies. The new automated astronomer will help with even larger analytical projects on the horizon, taking care of trivial classifications and leaving the tough cases to humans."
Source Please (Score:1)
If it is making a "guess as to the most likely classification", it sounds like there is a measure of confidence. Perhaps the system is capable of presenting questionable cases to human experts.
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I see a turtle.
Not a troll - actually a very good point (Score:3, Insightful)
Let's say the system of scientific paradigms and their rise and fall is about finding outliers and surprising results that cannot easily be explained by current models.
If this is the case, then using a statistical system to classify observations has the danger that these "outliers" simply get classified in existing categories and whatever abnormality they represent thereby ignored.
An "AI researcher" must therefore have very explicit programming to set anything with even the slightest degree of abnormality a
better than humans? (Score:4, Interesting)
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Well exactly. This isn't so much an "AI" as it is a script that has output depending on its input.
Essentially, any "errors" the computer makes would be an issue with setting up a debugger and seeing why it chose that selection. Then it falls into two categories: It spotted things humans missed when classifying or it has faulty programming that is creating false positives or missing data.
I'd hardly consider that "AI".
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Name (Score:5, Funny)
Name (Score:2)
R. Daneel Olivaw
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Original paper (Score:5, Informative)
Ohh! A Galaxy Zoo! (Score:2)
I have seen the future (Score:4, Insightful)
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For the love of God, delete this post! This comment is the reason Skynet starts down the logic path of removing humans!
- John Connor
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I propose that this is a task is best left suited to actual humans... ...and that I should be hired to assist.
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Proposition: The proportion of porn on the internet requiring eye bleach is but a tiny fraction of porn on the internet. A few instances of mind-rending pain would probably be worth that being ones occupation for the entire rest of the time!
My Life is Now Pointless (Score:1)
So Galaxy Zoo doesn't need me anymore? That is the one activity where I was contributing to science to benefit all mankind.
Oh well, I guess I'll go back to trying to beat Mario 64 or something equally pointless....
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pros and cons of this approach (Score:5, Informative)
PRO:
Using neural networks allows for graceful degradation when classifying galaxies by indicating to what degree it believes this galaxy is similar to other galaxies of this type (that it has been trained on). A threshold can be set so that if confidence falls below this threshold, the image is flagged for human intervention.
CONS:
Neural nets are largely black boxes. They use learned statistical relationships to classify images, but they're unable to provide an explanation as to why they made the decision that they did.
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that is not a "CON". there is an explanation: statistically, that is the class that the image belongs to.
consider this: infants have a lot of inborn reflexes. and trust me, they don't understand why they do the things they do anymore than you would understand why your foot jumps when the doctor pokes your knee (I don't know the name of that reflex).
there is absolutely no difference between using a trained human brain and using a trained simulated neural net.
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Your analogy is bogus. We're talking about learning. Reflexes are prewired, not learned.
Decision trees and KBANN can provide explanation.
(I don't say that those explanation are always that useful. Giving useful explanations isn't an easy task even for humans, and it's ambigous as well. )
What's the point? (Score:1, Redundant)
Maybe I'm missing something, but what exactly is the point of going to all this effort to classify far-away galaxies? I can understand astronomers wanting to examine closer galaxies and see how they work and interact and all, but surely all the galaxies that are close enough for us to be able to see that much detail have already been known for some time, and are classified, and studied in far more detail than just classifying what kind of galaxy they are (spiral, barred spiral, elliptical, etc.). What goo
Re:What's the point? (Score:4, Insightful)
There are a couple of answers to your question. The first is the answer to the more general question, "Why study the universe at all?" and the answer is "Because it's there." We want to understand the processes by which the universe we see around us was formed, what it's like now (to the degree that "now" has any meaning on cosmological scales) and where it's going. It is an awe-inspiring place, and becomes more so the more we learn about it.
The second, with respect to the study of the Milky Way, is that we learn a lot about our galaxy by studying other galaxies. We don't have a good vantage point for studying the Milky Way, for obvious reasons. Hell, it wasn't until quite recently that we even knew what shape it was (barred spiral vs. plain spiral.) With the enormous number of galaxies out there, many of them similar to our own, at a variety of viewing angles from Earth, we can get a much better idea of what's going on in our own neighborhood than we could by restricting our observations to the Milky Way alone.
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The first is the answer to the more general question, "Why study the universe at all?" and the answer is "Because it's there."
I'm not disputing that, only pointing out that observation resources are limited and should be put to best use.
With the enormous number of galaxies out there, many of them similar to our own, at a variety of viewing angles from Earth, we can get a much better idea of what's going on in our own neighborhood than we could by restricting our observations to the Milky Way alone.
I underst
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That's what I was asking, because on the surface it seemed to me to make more sense studying nearby galaxies only. However, some other helpful responders pointed out that far-away galaxies allow us to see farther back in time (essentially, what we see of the far-away galaxies is how they appeared billions of years now, not how they appear now), and see how galaxies form and collide, and this might lead to insight into how our galaxy came into being.
The difference between my questioning and the politicians
Re:What's the point? (Score:5, Insightful)
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Ah, ok. This makes sense. Thanks!
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further on, once we have a good idea about what happened in the universe, we can start checking that against the various sets of "laws of the universe" that we can generate, and decide which are valid (i.e. "is string theory ok, or do we need something else?").
Afterwards, we can try to use the "correct" model of the universe to generate cool stuff (like quantum physics was used to properly describe semiconductors, and we got miniaturized electronics).
I wasn't trying to exagerate. Usually in science, each ge
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Pictures showing galaxies that are billions of light-years away make nice posters, but it seems totally pointless to put too much effort into these things, when there's so much we don't know about the stuff inside our own galaxy.
But to learn about the stuff inside our galaxy, and how it came to be, we need to see how it looked in the past. ;}
Since you haven't gotten around to making that time machine yet, we can't do it that way
Instead we look at light from galaxies that have been traveling in space for an amount of time equal to how far back in time we want to see, and we discover such things as galaxy formation.
This is ONLY possible to do by looking at distant and thus older galaxies. And it does teach us more about our own.
finally? (Score:3, Interesting)
I'm surprised they're just now getting around to this. It's a straightforward pattern classification problem, and there is a huge set of training examples to be used for training a neural network or other Learning Classifier System technologies.
so close to a completely alliterative subject line (Score:2)
Artificial Agent Aids Astral Analysis
Great progress but less scope for amateurs (Score:2)
This makes me very happy on one level and very sad on another.
At the amateur end, the advances in technology have meant that what use to be done by a professional with mind blowingly expensive equipment or what was not at all possible because it hadn't been invented can now be done by a dedicated amateur with a reasonable but largish hobby budget. For the amount of money some spend on recreational vehicles and holiday homes an amateur can now do spectroscopy, deep imaging, even adaptive optics. It's not ope
1995: SKICAT System classified galaxies (Score:1)