Debris is Shuttle's Biggest Threat 229
Masq666 writes "Tiny rocks, paint flecks and other fragments of junk whizzing around the Earth pose the greatest threat to the shuttles and the astronauts on board, according to the preliminary results of a new NASA risk study.
Even coin sized fragments can cause great damage to a shuttle, and the damage can be lethal, if it hits the windows or the heat shield."
Slow news day? (Score:4, Insightful)
I thought there would be at least mention of new prevention measures, or theoretically possible clean-up solutions being proposed.
Re:Slow news day? (Score:2)
I remember reading about this when the challenger went up.
Re:Slow news day? (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Slow news day? (Score:3, Funny)
That sounds Evil!
Re:Slow news day? (Score:5, Insightful)
If something is up there 24/7 and doesn't have the problem, then I'd say the risk is currently small enough for the shuttle.
Re:Slow news day? (Score:2)
I'm not sure either - that's a good question.
Re:Slow news day? (Score:2)
The probability of a collision is relatively low, and we have the ability to track the larger pieces of space junk (and I believe the Shuttle DOES frequently move around in orbit to avoid known junk), but if a collision WERE to happen, it would be disastrous.
We just hope it never does happen...
geosync? (Score:2)
Re:geosync? (Score:5, Informative)
The closer you get to the planet, the more crap there is. Some of it is really interesting crap [space.com], but it's still deadly crap.
debris in bands that the shuttle must pass through (Score:2)
rings of space junk now. Popular orbits contribute
the most junk of course, with plenty from launch
equipment. Then it gets moved around by various
effects -- moon, solar and magnetic stuff, etc.
So there are high-risk and low-risk areas.
It would be nice to just avoid the high-risk areas,
but that isn't so easy. Sometimes you have to pass
through them, especially since fuel is limited.
As if that wasn't bad enough, there's the South
Atlantic Anomoly to worry about.
Re:Slow news day? (Score:3, Informative)
Why do you think Hubble is required to be repaired after an interval of time?
Re:Slow news day? (Score:2)
It shouldn't be that hard to clean up space junk. Andy Griffith [imdb.com] showed us the way over 25 years back.
Re:Slow news day? (Score:2)
I think they were gonna open the big doors on top, and put a big net in there to colect the stuff. But then they realized that the net would probably just get cut by some debris.
Then they thought about going up with a big baseball bat in the Canadarm and knock a few homers, but Mark McGuire wouldn't go to bat for them.
Re:Slow news day? (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Slow news day? (Score:3, Informative)
Old News (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:Old News (Score:2, Insightful)
Whether or not these actions are a bit late can still be argued.
Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:2)
Yes, littering their bypass before they even build it would irritate them.
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:5, Interesting)
Several years ago I partook in an online discussion regarding the future of space flight, hosted by Jerry Pournelle (sci-fi writer and hobnobber with NASA people.) Prior to my question being posed, a female assistant asked me what my question was, and I voiced something along the lines of 'doesn't all the debris accumulating in orbit amount to a danger' then I posed to question to Jerry and he poo-poo'd my worries with some analogy of a coconut in the pacific ocean. (He did seem to overlook the idea that the analogous coconut would be moving at a few miles per second and could really ding a ship with such some force) .
Afterwards I told the female assistant I thought he was a daft bugger. She told me he was smarter than I thought and she was his wife.
A few months later the infamous paint-chip nearly punctured a shuttle window.
I don't think Jerry was the only one who didn't get it, I've felt there was a valid concern about doing our utmost to limit orbital debris. At the time there was alleged to be a catalog of 8,000+ known objects in orbit, including a power screwdriver. That last item could easily doom a shuttle.
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:2)
I've corresponded with Jerry many times. He's a pretty nice guy (even if he was shortsighted about the debris field).
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:2)
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:2)
I subscribed to that and read each one at least 3 times it seems. I didn't really read Pournelle's column that much because he seemed to be a blowhard that got free equipment at "Chaos Manor" and this thing called a Cheetah that he kept refering to...as I said I usually just skimmed it so I never retained enough info to know what the hell he was going on about. So h
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:2)
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:2)
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:2)
I'm surprised that he didn't 'get it'. After all, he did participate in The book Lucifer's Hammer [amazon.com]
asimov's quote (Score:2, Interesting)
"At 1/5 the speed of light, dust and atoms might not do significant damage even in a voyage of 40 years, but the faster you go, the worse it is - space begins to become abrasive. When you begin to approach the speed of light, hydrogen atoms become cosmic-ray particles, and they will fry the crew. So 60,000 kilometers per second may be the practical speed limit for space travel."
Re:Better to burn out than to fade away (Score:2)
He was arguing that the Pacific ocean is so very big and the coconut so very small that chances of a collision were not worth worrying about?
Reminds me of the thread about so-called 'temperature' of inter-cluster gas clouds... you see ast
Easy Solution (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Easy Solution (Score:4, Informative)
Re:Easy Solution (Score:2)
Re:Easy Solution (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Easy Solution (Score:2)
Old news is sad news (Score:2, Insightful)
It is just sad that humans smart enough to put objects in space are still not smart enough to not make a stinking mess out of everything. As the old saying goes "Don't shit where you live."
Re:Old news is... (Score:2)
"A broken clock tells the correct time twice a day"
Journalists have many expressions for this.
Sounds like a job for... (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Sounds like a job for... (Score:3, Informative)
Seriously, to all people who where bitching in previous stories about shows being canceled and bad science-fiction being shoveled down their throats: Watch this animé: Planetes [cokesque.com]. It's good science, and it's good fiction. It's very well made, it's captivating, in a low-key way.
I'll let the intro of the episodes speak for itself:
Artificial satellites that have been dis
PlanetES (Score:3, Informative)
Re:PlanetES (Score:2)
Oh yeah I thought PlanetES too http://www.planet-es.net/ [planet-es.net] http://www.tokyopop.com/dbpage.php?propertycode=PL A&categorycode=BMG/ [tokyopop.com] of that too. In addition to dealing with space debris those guys had to deal with energy demands. Supposedly in the future man mines helium 3 from the moon to use in fusion. http://science.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=04/11/2 7/1931205&tid=160&tid=99&tid=126&tid=1&tid=14/ [slashdot.org]
In other news... (Score:2, Funny)
Re:In other news... (Score:2)
It was rejected
Little bits of rock... (Score:3, Interesting)
Of course little bits of rock are probably more of a threat than big bits of rocks. Sure the big ones might make a dent but the surface area of a small one is much less and therefore much more likely to make a puncture mark.
Or as one of my university professors once said
"When you are travelling faster than a rifle bullet, its a bit of an issue when you hit something that is the size of a rifle bullet"
Re:Little bits of rock... (Score:5, Insightful)
at the velocities they go they're not likely to bump off, big or not. big one is just going to go through your armor. your prof would have said that it's even bigger issue if you hit a wall with that speed.
And? (Score:2)
Re:And? (Score:2)
Re:And? (Score:2)
Wow.. if I were an extraterrestrial, I'd *arrange* for this to happen... no *way* would I want those Humans escaping into space. They'd be a veritable *plague* on the galaxy...
debris?? pftt (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:debris?? pftt (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:debris?? pftt (Score:2)
Space Pee (Score:4, Funny)
Anyone know if this is true/false? Google doesn't show anything.
If true, I guess that changes the meaning of "whizzing around the Earth"
Re:Space Pee (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Space Pee (Score:5, Interesting)
Later in the movie they said that they couldn't make any more waste dumps because even that small vector would serve to push them off course.
Of course, it's a movie...
Re:Space Pee (Score:3, Informative)
A new NASA "risk study", eh? (Score:5, Insightful)
Just wondering, because I read that since Congress actually called them out on it, they're trying to retroactively produce their risk analysis to justify the decision, and this is the kind of bullshit that sounds an awful lot like their same old "we're too scared to do anything anymore" attitude.
Re:A new NASA "risk study", eh? (Score:2)
Woah, easy there big fella. It wasn't NASA that wanted to let the Hubble degrade, it was a direct reuslt of the directive and pressing of the Dub. [cbsnews.com]
Given that the man has final approval over NASA's budget, their collective hands are effectively tied.
Um, no. (Score:2)
It sounds to me like your only source of news is
Re:A new NASA "risk study", eh? (Score:4, Interesting)
On a side note, I'm not sure why the government doesn't take a "mars rover" approach to more space missions, building and launching more than one of the same craft, and launch them one week apart. This would have saved all the science on the previous (doomed) mars lander, as they would have messed up on the first one, realized their mistake, and landed the second one with adjusted calculations. The incremental cost for a second or third craft will be MUCH lower than the first one, and potentially twice the science can be had from them (think being able to look at two objects instead of one with two hubbles).
Re:A new NASA "risk study", eh? (Score:2)
As expensive as it is to get mass up into orbit, which would be cheaper:
Shuttle weighs 4.5 million pounds [howstuffworks.com]
Hubble telescope weighs 24,500 pounds [about.com]
Cost per pound to orbit is something like $10k per pound [maglev2000.com], low ball.
So launch costs for a new hubble would be about $245 million.
Launch cost for the shuttle seem to run around 1Billion per shot. That leaves 755 million to build a new hubble and apply the refits. The original hubble cost 1.5 Billion at launch, which I presume includes launch costs, devel
Re:A new NASA "risk study", eh? (Score:2)
Re:A new NASA "risk study", eh? (Score:2)
Sounds like a job for Quark (Score:2)
This Quark!http://www.tvparty.com/recquark.html [tvparty.com]
Could certainly use his services to keep our orbits clean!
Why then (Score:2)
Re:Why then (Score:3, Informative)
Make no mistake, the odds of hitting something up there (with proper planning) is remote, but there are still objects in orbit we don't have on our map, and collision with them creates significant risk. Put in everyday perspective, if getting a flat tire was almost gauranteed to kill everyone i
Re:Why then (Score:4, Informative)
Unfortunately, electronics are easier to rad harden than people, so the shuttle must fly in "riskier" orbits from a debris impact point of view. The shuttle is protected in two major ways that I know of: first, a box of space around the orbiter is constantly monitored by NORAD radar. If something enters that box, they assess it's threat to the orbiter and can order course corrections if necessary. This helps dodge a lot of bullets. Second, after the infamous paint fleck that took a chunk out of Challenger's window, flight rules were changed so that the orbiter is oriented with the main engines facing toward the direction of flight at all times. So much better to have a paint fleck put a hole in an ablative nozzle that isn't being used and that will get refitted anyway than have that same fleck cause an explosive decompression.
In other news... (Score:2, Informative)
And by the way, even a paint fleck moving at that kind of speed presents a risk to the shuttle.
And the point is? (Score:4, Insightful)
If we're going to stop sending shuttles up, that's not the best reason - the reason to get rid of the shuttles is because they're too expensive, too unreliable, and too inherently flawed for what they can do. Not because they might get punctured by space debris.
Meanwhile, what we (meaning any terrestrial space agency, not just the US) should be doing is preparing the next suitable for LEO vehicle that can solve most of the shuttle's flaws, and then used unmanned rockets to get cargo into space.
Re:And the point is? (Score:2)
The good news is that people are starting to realize that rovers and robots are actually 10x more exciting than people. Sure I'd love see a man on Mars, but I don't want to pay for it, and watching a small army of rovers colonize that sucker would be pretty sweet.
Re:And the point is? (Score:2)
I do think that the ISS can be made to serve a useful purpose, and is a decent platform o
beh! (Score:4, Funny)
Afterall, you won't need to worry about FOD if you have to worry about getting off the ground in the first palce.
Shuttle's biggest threat (Score:3, Funny)
Take A Hint From North Carolina (Score:2)
Perhaps we'll learn from this... (Score:3, Interesting)
Satellites and other space-borne objects need to be equipped with some means of safely deorbiting them, or else we're soon going to find that putting anything up in orbit and having it say there unharmed will be nigh on impossible.
New Shuttle Design (Score:2, Funny)
The shuttle needs some serious design revisions and these latest findings only serve to underline this. I think the following changes are required:
a) Separate the rear propulsion units from the main vehicle and keep them as far apart as possible.
b) Increase the area of the heat shield, while allowing for a narrow profile in orbit (using, say, a large saucer shape).
c) Fit a big deflector shield to the front of the main drive section.
d) Install maintenance tunnels throughout the ship (all of which ca
Threats (Score:4, Funny)
No, gravity is the shuttle's biggest threat.
I thought the biggest threat was (Score:2)
There is more debris up there after every launch (Score:2)
Re:There is more debris up there after every launc (Score:2)
Of course, the idea also leads to the idea of having small booster satellites being used to extend the life of satellites whose electronics are still good, but have exhausted their reaction mass.
Probability says the assessment is probably wrong. (Score:2)
Shuttle doesn't fit into "service economy" (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Shuttle doesn't fit into "service economy" (Score:2)
As for the replacement, while I'm up for any ideas, I think that the replacement should:
1. KISS.
2. There's not much difference between building a new orbital craft and essentialy salvaging the old one. If the best design is built new each time, and turns out cheaper than refitting and recertifying then go with it.
3. take advantage of advances in material science. For one thing I th
Spaceflight is dangerous (Score:5, Interesting)
You want to talk dangerous, go be a soldier in Iraq. That's dangerous. Why don't we outlaw wars, particularly unjustified, needless ones.
And while we're on the topic of dangerous, let's talk about automobiles? They're not a great deal safer than the space shuttle.. Why don't we actually make driving tests difficult in the U.S. and outlaw people who can't drive? That will really save lives.
Space flight is certainly not going to get safer if we stop doing it. The only way to improve is to just continue doing it and making improvements as we learn. Will some astronauts die? Of course. And they know that. It's the risk they signed up for. Why not let them be the ones to decide whether or not it's worth it.
Re:Spaceflight is dangerous (Score:2)
Will some astronauts die? Of course. And they know that. It's the risk they signed up for. Why not let them be the ones to decide whether or not it's worth it.
Hmm. I don't have all the numbers, but a quick Google search suggests over 40,000 people die a year in the USA from traffic related accidents. However, I can't imagine how many millions of car journeys actually take place
Biggest threat... (Score:3, Insightful)
Capsules and rocket-launched cargo make so much more sense than this pseudo-plane. If we are going to have "spaceplanes", they should be in the heritage of x-15 and SS1, not Shuttle. 'We' in this context is the US and the open passenger market mostly. If tickets were available right now, I wouldn't even consider flying on Shuttle, whereas Soyuz, SS1 or any of the historical capsules are all safe enough. Compare the evidence of Soyuz, Apollo or X-15 to Shuttle for safe ops vs. a dangerous design.
I'm going to be real cynical for a moment: Not A Space Agency shouldn't be allowed to say Not Another Shuttle Accident ever again! Never A Straight Answer from them...
The fleet should be grounded and put in a museum and that money rolled into a crash capsule fly-off prize (1 year unmanned, 3 years first manned) and after that paying for tickets instead of operations and hardware.
Josh
BSOD (Score:3, Funny)
Resulting in a 'Blue screen of death'?
Didn't NASA cancel an obiting sponge project? (Score:2)
Re:Didn't NASA cancel an obiting sponge project? (Score:3, Funny)
What has happened to NASA? (Score:2)
/rant mode on
Space junk has been a fact of life in low earth orbit for decades. There is everything up there from gloves to nuts and bolts, all merrily circling the earth. Then we go and send our highly-trained citizens up there who are totally unprepared for any eventuality that they might get so much as a sprained elbow. NOT!
NASA astronauts have been prepared to die for space exploration ever since NACA was reformed into NASA. It's a complete bunch of nonesense to suggest that missions to outer space in
This comes (Score:2)
Why is this news now? (Score:2, Interesting)
Anyway all objects > 10cm are currently being tracked and catalogued by USSPACECOM radar. I guess eventually we'll reach a point where blasting these debris out of orbit with an Earth or space based laser will become a necessity.
I have in fact been in simulator training for just this job for the last 10 years, and as an added bonus I am also able to accurately hit those bloody annoying UFOS that mak
A good use for SDI, finally (Score:2)
The shuttle has to go (Score:3, Insightful)
The shuttle has to go.
It should have been replaced years ago with not one but two new spacecraft.
One would be a heavy lift launcher capable of launching things like parts for the international space station etc. The ideal solution here is just a big rocket engine (or engines) designed to be as cheap as possible to make and launch without the need for fancy systems.
Should have a low turn-around time so that once one is launched the time it takes to get ready for another launch is low.
The second vehicle would be designed to carry crew, tools, equipment, instruments, docking modules (so it can link with space stations like the ISS) and so on. It would be reusable (with as few components needing replacement after each use as possible). Such a vehicle would not need the design compromises that make the space shuttle the way it is.
Re:I'm glad they had a study for this (Score:2)
The foam debris was SIB (Self-Induced B.S.), compounded by the fossilization of NASA, as the engineers devolved into bureaucrats.
Something are as ugly, but what is uglier than an I-told-you-so written in human blood and debris across a continent?
These orbital objects are like software bugs in that you know they exist, but unlike software bugs in that there is no possibility of a re-boot. So you need good 'exception handling'.
Re:.. and that`s not even mentioning.. (Score:2)
Re:this is what shields are for (Score:2)
Magneting fields would not repel anything with enough force to prevent impacts.
Re:this is what shields are for (Score:2)
Sounds good to me.. know any that have been invented and work already?
Re:Direction (Score:2)
What IS a concern is parabolic orbits. The shuttle maintains a more or less circular orbit, like the planets around the sun. Some objects are in more of a parabolic orbit, like comets and some asteroids around the sun. And we're worried about the earth being hit by one of those...
The other problem is orbits with different inclinations. The shuttles orbit looks like a sine wave. What happens when you have a piece of debris following
Re:Direction (Score:2)
Now imagine that some lump of debris got ejected from some orbiting object in that path, but had a sideways vector. Eventually, that object will be in an orbit which is at the same altitude, the same speed, but which is tilted relative to the equatorial; sometimes it's north of the equator, sometimes it's sou
Re:Direction (Score:2)