Fermilab Builds 500-Megapixel Camera 180
heyitsme writes "Fermilab, a U.S. Department of Energy research lab, is part of a collaboration on an experiment to measure the properties of dark energy. The Dark Energy Survey would measure the history of the expansion rate of the universe more precisely than ever before, using the largest camera ever built with Charge Coupled Devices (CCD). The 500 megapixel Dark Energy Camera (DECam) would be placed on an existing 4-meter telescope located in north-central Chile at the National Optical Astronomy Observatory's Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The DECam together with the CTIO 4-meter telescope will allow for a survey of 15 percent of the sky to light levels faint enough to measure the colors of galaxies at redshift one."
Filesize? (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:Filesize? (Score:5, Informative)
The data will, of course, be stored directly to a large SAN storage system, probably from EMC or Hitachi.
The detector should generate single frame images of roughly 1.7G prior to post-processing, and roughly 700M single-frame image files after processing to TIFF or PNG format.
cost of storage (Score:2, Interesting)
Considering I payed 10 bucks for a 50 pack of cd's which is about normal. So * that by 700 meg and
Yes I know it would be hard to break the image between three disks but im just saying cost wise its not much at all.
Re:cost of storage (Score:2)
Re:cost of storage (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Filesize? (Score:3, Informative)
Re: (Score:1, Interesting)
Re:Filesize? (Score:1, Informative)
If you were to take multispectral or even RGB images, one would multiply the file
Re:Filesize? (Score:1)
Re:Filesize? (Score:5, Interesting)
So, we here in academia are a bit spoiled in terms of bandwidth. However, companies and some in academics have to pay for lots of bits and bytes and are thus interested in costs to move these sorts of data. I was talking with Jim Gray a couple of weeks ago and he was telling me that a recent study revealed some of the true costs of moving lots of data. For instance: Lets say you are trying to move a terabyte of data from London to Los Angeles. It turns out it is cheaper (and faster) to put it on magnetic storage and fly it from London to Los Angeles than it is to try and move it over the Internet.
Re:Filesize? (Score:1)
Airplane full of CDs.
High bandwidth.
High latency.
Re:Filesize? (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Filesize? (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Filesize? (Score:3, Insightful)
Well, sure. But what if you only need to move 1 TB? On 1 day?
Re:Filesize? (Score:2)
Re:Filesize? (Score:3, Insightful)
Until you remember that you have to pay someone to feed the hundreds of tapes into drives to copy the data to disk and that you'd have to buy and run well over 10 drives in order to get the bandwidth of a 10Gbit connection and a lot more into order to beat that bandwidth. I think if you worked out the cost and time disk-to-disk the result would be more
Re:Filesize? (Score:2, Informative)
Re:Filesize? (Score:5, Informative)
So 960 million bytes per frame, which is only 915.5MB (1M = 2^20).
Re:Filesize? (Score:4, Informative)
Not in the article, but in their submission of proposal to Fermilab PAC [fnal.gov], they state
So, not more data per image, just more images.Re:Filesize? (Score:2)
Chapter 4 covers the data acquisition requirements in detail. The detector is composed of 60 CCDs with the following characteristics:
Resolution: 2048x4096
Digitization Rate 240 khz
Exposure Time: 17.5s
Image Size: 1 gigabyte.
Image Data Rate: 10 MB/s. (1 image per 100s)
From those calculations, we see that each pixel is sampled with 1024 bits, or 128 bytes. It's rather more sensitive than most CCDs. (And that's a monochrome image. They will sample at different wavelengths--necessary, perhaps, for r
Re:Filesize? (Score:2)
Re:Filesize? (Score:2)
Re:Filesize? (Score:2)
A CCD that produced a single frame of 54GB would be somewhat impractical; you would need that much RAM to capture a single image and buffer it for writing to disk/tape. You could read it back in pieces for processing, of course...
Re:Filesize? (Score:4, Informative)
Re:Filesize? (Score:1)
A 500megapixel camera has 500,000,000 pixels, not 28,800,000,000!!!!!
So, its actually closer to 1GB than 54GB.
-Bill
Re:Filesize? (Score:2)
Re:Filesize? (Score:1)
The 500 megapixel Dark Energy Camera (DECam) would be placed
I'm glad (Score:5, Funny)
Because the compact flash cards for this thing cannot be cheap.
Re:I'm glad (Score:2, Informative)
http://www.dpreview.com/news/0405/04052601pr
Only $14,900
wow! (Score:2)
I want one of these, too bad I just bought a new nikon d70. Its almost as good as having 500 megspx.
Re:wow! (Score:1)
I think you mean your Nikon is almost as good as having 500 millipixels
Re:wow! (Score:1)
Er... what? In terms of sheer performance the Nikon d70 is 6 megapixels isn't it? That's like saying 'Ooh, the new Porsche 911 Turbo S is nice, but I just bought a shopping trolley, it's almost as good'.
OK, the Nikon d70 is a bit more portable than a 500megapixel camera attached to a 4 metre telescope, but in terms of impressing with numbers...
Re:wow! (Score:2)
OTOH, she said that if I bought her a D70, she'd be my slave for a week.
Winner: D70.
but (Score:2, Funny)
im going to japan soon and i need a good camera......
Re:but (Score:3, Funny)
Re:but (Score:2)
Buy one there on the cheap
Been to Japan; learned something: You can't get Product X cheaper in Japan than in the west. The plus is that you get newer versions/models much sooner there than the west.
Re:but (Score:5, Funny)
you don't need a zoom (Score:2)
depends on the pocket...? (Score:2)
Probably off topic, but if you need a good camera, AND going to japan - it might be a wild thought and all, but maybe you should consider buying one in japan where most of the major camera manufactures are based...
(in case you actually do this: haggle the yodobashi-camera guys. more likely than not, they WILL negociate)
Re:but (Score:2)
Right now this camera probably sits in a LN2 cooled dewar about the size of an oil drum. Good luck taking spontaneous candids with it!
Re:but (Score:1)
oh man....
i was actually going to go to roppongi...
well i guess ill go cancel my trip....
500 megapixel?? (Score:5, Funny)
Re:500 megapixel?? (Score:2)
Re:500 megapixel?? (Score:2)
That's nothing. My camera has 8x optical zoom.
pixel size < cell size (Score:5, Interesting)
Deja Vu (Score:1)
Ah to open this bad boy... (Score:2, Funny)
Just Think... (Score:1, Interesting)
Re:Just Think... (Score:5, Informative)
Anyway, with 500MP you're going to be severely limited by the resolving power of the lens. It's quite difficult to get even 100 line pairs per mm with the best 35mm photographic lenses (lenses for larger formats tend to be much worse because it's harder to maintain accuracy over a large glass area, plus it's not as necessary with lower enlargement factors). A 500MP sensor needs a pretty exceptional telescope in front of it.
Re:Just Think... (Score:2, Informative)
Re:Just Think... (Score:3, Informative)
I think a better way to put it would be that here is that if you want a smaller image( less information) you can selectively crop it out. If you're targeting 1-2 megapixels final size, you could be quite selective in finding the perfect picture in a 500 megapixel image.
Digital "zoom" is badly named because it's not really a zoom, it's a crop, followed by a resample. In practice most people find tha
Re:Just Think... (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:Just Think... (Score:2, Informative)
Not really. If you're looking for a decent A4 print, you need at least 5MP. A raw image from this beast contains 100 of those images, so you could use "digital zoom" (actually, just cropping) to concentrate on specific parts of the image at perfectly acceptable resolution.
You're right about the general uselessness of digital zoom [plus.com] on low-end digicams, but this is a different beast.
why you need 500 Mpx (Score:5, Informative)
One of the things Fermilab is trying to do is get a measurement of the so called weak lensing effect. Matter distorts spacetime, and light is thus bent as it passes nearby a big cluster. This is gravitational lensing.
Famously, it is seen as "strong" lensing -- when the source is very close on the sky to the cluster, and the light gets bent enough that there are multiple images. Nobody really believed it could happen, but then in the last decade or so it's become an accepted and popular thing to play with and observe.
Weak lensing is when there are no multiple images, and instead only a slight distortion. Much harder to see and measure -- you basically look for a whole bunch of galaxies that are slightly distorted.
That means you need a very wide field of view -- to get enough galaxies quickly enough -- but also a very good resolution -- to be able to measure the slight distortions. Hence the need for such an insane[ly cool] device.
Why go through all this trouble? Well, weak lensing is one of the view ways to measure all the matter in the universe on very large scales. Because nearly all the matter is supposed to be invisible, in the past people have used various "tracers" that we can see. But there's a huge amount of debate as to how good the various tracers are, and, of course, you need a direct measurement to be sure you're not off in la-la land.
Weak lensing measures it all because all matter, regardless of how bright it is, bends spacetime in the same fashion. So, if you can get a good weak lensing measurement, you can theoretically create an unbiased map of the matter distribution. No need to cross your fingers and hope that some tracer is behaving properly.
It all fits into dark energy because dark energy is supposed to alter the extent to which matter can cluster (roughly speaking, dark energy behaves like antigravity, and pushes things apart, stopping them from falling together.)
Of course, weak lensing is just one of the things this guy is meant to do -- there are lots of other neat things that hopefully someone more awake than I can describe.
Re:why you need 500 Mpx (Score:2)
One of the other things this big camera will do, after it get's a baseline for the original matter density once the universe became transparent to radiation, will be to look at changes in the matter density over time. With this we'll have a very direct measurement of the space between cosmic structures over time and an excellen
Finally!!! (Score:5, Funny)
I bet.. (Score:5, Funny)
Re:I bet.. (Score:2)
Re:I bet.. (Score:2)
Re:I bet.. (Score:2)
My Scanner.. (Score:2)
It would be a hell of a lot cheaper, seeing is how my scanner was 100$. This 500mgpx camera is probably a big on the pricy side... not to mention what it is attached to.
Re:My Scanner.. (Score:1)
Re:My Scanner.. (Score:1)
Re:My Scanner.. (Score:3, Funny)
Now attach that to a $1 paper airplane and you have DIY Hubble! yay!
total cost: 106$
Makes you wonder how NASA managed to spend
so much on Hubble!
Re:My Scanner.. (Score:1)
My Scanner can scan at 5mgpx per sq inch. So if you just take a normal picture big enough, and scan it... It would be about the same.
And that normal _big_ picture you are talking should be 100*100 inch with resolution of 5MDPI at least. Now, how did you think to take the picture and more importantly, how to process (like printing) it for scanning that with your scanner.
Yes, you still need something like that camera.
-AZi
Re:My Scanner.. (Score:1)
It really doesn't make much difference for producing that picture.
DECam? (Score:2, Funny)
CCD? (Score:2)
Could be wrong, though, having a hard time finding my way to the megapixel forest.
Re:CCD? (Score:4, Informative)
-Bill
Re:CCD? (Score:2)
1. CCDs have been around longer and are slightly more advanced that CMOS imaging devices at the level of simple function.
2. CMOS is less expensive on a price performance basis
3. The new Foveon chip allows a single maskless imaging chip to image all three colors simultaneously (this means no interpolat
Nice piece of kit! (Score:5, Interesting)
This kit is probably one example of why the world needs more 92 Tbs routers [slashdot.org]; sharing the data generated by this baby will probably be a task not unlike that faced by the Large Hadron Collider [web.cern.ch] at CERN. You're going to have to have a really nice architecture and set of protocols to be able to efficiently pass around these images - possibly this is where Grid Technology [globus.org] comes in to play....
Of course, then you'll need something to actually process the images on! I guess Intel and AMD still have a rosy future ahead of them...
Nice, but... (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Nice, but... (Score:1)
I want to se the pics NOW
Re:Nice, but... (Score:3, Informative)
RHIC isn't pure linux... (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:Nice, but... (Score:2)
i work at ctio, writing iraf [noao.edu] software for noao - iraf is multi-platform, but we develop on linux (currently red hat, about to move to fedora, although i also have it running in debian on my laptop - well, i did until yesterday, when i messed up a kernel recompile/install and lost linux completely (it's an x31, so i need to do
All I know of Science I learnt from HHGTTG (Score:2, Interesting)
Lower-Echelon-Science-Geek: "mmmm, high-resolution pr0n".
from the womens toilets , no doubt, as even astronomical geeks don't get "any"
And I know for absolute certain what all you (well, us) SlashDOTerS were thinking:
How-T
Imagine a be... (Score:1, Funny)
Oh, I can't take it! BEOWULF CLUSTER! There, I said it!
Taking a rule of thumb too far... (Score:4, Funny)
Re:Taking a rule of thumb too far... (Score:2)
But you should read the article : we talk about a one-halfmeter-diameter DECam , so the pixels (15-micron) arent that small as in your pocket camera
quote:
But I thought (Score:1, Funny)
Meanwhile, in telescope control (Score:3, Funny)
deep space rather than at that satellite with the
big mirror on it?
NRO guy: Nah, this is good.
In other news.... (Score:1)
Search for Dark Energy (Score:5, Funny)
If you build it ... they will come.... (Score:4, Funny)
they should wait (Score:4, Funny)
high res images are not new (Score:4, Informative)
Astroid Hunter? (Score:3, Interesting)
Question is... (Score:2, Funny)
Hmmm...
Dark matter in far away galaxies... (Score:3, Funny)
so... what kind of flash do I need?
Re:Dark matter in far away galaxies... (Score:3, Funny)
Damn (Score:2, Funny)
First quick look 500-Megaton ... (Score:2)
500-Megaton as in h-bomb.
Re:First quick look 500-Megaton ... (Score:2)
Dark Info (Score:2)
ladies perspire (Score:2)
thumbnail gallery? (Score:2)
Kepler space telescope has 100 megapixels (Score:2)
Venus makes its "twice in a century" such eclipse of our Sun on June 8, 2004.
Re:why not... (Score:1)
Re:Waiting on the Nikon DSLR version (Score:2)