A Physicist with the Air Force 221
An anonymous submitter - anonymous because of the database crash that wiped out several hours of data today, sigh - sent in this tale about the duties of a physicist during World War II.
Been Transferred Lately?
Typical techer (Score:1)
This all was probably necessary, but it's much better when you can have this kind of fun in peacetime.
Re:Typical techer (Score:2)
Re:Typical techer ... well actually (Score:1)
No Page (Score:1)
Don't ride the bomb... (Score:4, Funny)
At the pilot's insistence (I will not repeat his heated words), I dislodged the target by jumping on it while hanging from a bomb-bay rack and wearing a parachute, just in case.
For those who didn't read the article (after all, if you did, this comment is worthless to you), he's talking about a training "dummy aircraft" for gunners to practice shooting at that didn't drop from the bomber that was carrying, and jammed in the bomb bay, preventing the doors from closing (which meant they couldn't land). Quite a hilarious mental picture if you ask me ;)
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:1)
I think it was probably more of a "look back on this some day and laugh" sort of issue. At the time, I think the prospect of being unable to land would have been strict brown trousers time.
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:1)
Whaddya mean? When I was your age, airplanes didn't _have_ landing gear...
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:2)
Waaaaaahhhooooo!
Maj. Kong (dec'd)
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:1)
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:2)
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:1)
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:1)
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:3, Interesting)
Interesting relationship:
In the movie, Slim Pickens (here [starpulse.com] for reference) is the guy who causes the atomic bomb to drop from the plane. (Jumping up and down on the bomb was one of his attempts.)
In reality, Alex Green(writer of the article), jumped up and down on a plane trailer to get it out of the towing plane. Of course, the more interesting part is the fact that Alex also helped make the equipment that would cause the real atomic bombs to be dropped properly.
Your sig line (Score:1)
So true, so true.
I would have modded up your comment for that sig. alone -- except I wasted all my mod points on the article that got "lost" today when Slashdot was up and down. (A good read, if unoriginal, read by the way about whether a wireless world and the changes it has already made to our social structures.)
Ah well. Even with the bugs being worked out and the ever-present MS bashing, Slashdot is still the best place for consistantly insightful thoughts on the 'Net...
My grandpa trained people to shoot AA guns. (Score:1)
Re:Don't ride the bomb... (Score:1)
A great way to do business... (Score:2)
Yeah! I was born too late... ~sigh~
Re:A great way to do business... (Score:2)
America in WWII temporarily became a mostly socialist system -- and liquor used for bribes is a good example of how things get done in socialism.
Sheesh (Score:1)
At least it seems that the army finally got things together.
The Army way... (Score:1)
"We fill out this form in triplicate. One we keep, one we send to headquarters and one we destroy so the Russians won't get it."
-Coach-
Good memory (Score:1)
Having Fun (Score:2)
Let's face it, probably the most fun most scientists have is in the middle of a war. If nothing else, it makes for great drinking stories, and it is often easier to get things done.
- - -
Radio Free Nation [radiofreenation.com]
is a news site based on Slash Code
"If You have a Story, We have a Soap Box"
- - -
Re:Having Fun (Score:1)
The next big war should be fun though, mayeb I could try and get a job researching partical beam weaponry etc.
The efficiency of a dictatorship (Score:2, Interesting)
There's no question that the most effective and efficient form of "governance" is a benevolent dictatorship.
Two problems: It's never benevolent for long, and it's never benevolent to dissent.
It's also illustrative to consider the concept of "governance", and why efficient "governance" is a really lousy thing anyway.
That's why the U.S. "government" is designed at its inception to be as inefficient as possible, and why it took four-score and seven years before someone was able to install an efficient "governance" under it. And that brought war.
Bob-
Inside a Pysicist's Brain (Score:1)
"Lets see...if I divide the mass of this, by the volume of that, multiply by the 'Q' factor of this approach vector, ofcourse keeping in mind the varible wind density...ahhh ha! yes! I'VE FOUND THE VELOCITY OF A GERMAN!"
***********Disclimer************
This was meant to be in no way offensive to Germany, or it's people: the Germans.
One can easily find the velocity of Americans by simply substituting the 'Q' factor with the square root of 5.2
Re:Inside a Physicist's Brain (Score:1)
Re:Inside a Physicist's Brain (Score:1)
An Austrian sparrow, or a Prussian sparrow?
Slide Rule Club (Score:5, Insightful)
It's a little sobering to think of these engineering problems in their human context - even ignoring the fact that he's talking about bombers, it's striking to think that they had enough data to calculate 70-to-1 fighter-to-B29 kill ratios on rear attacks and 3-to-1 kill ratios on front attacks.
The opportunity to make adjustments to decisions as theoretical data are replaced by empirical data is exciting and rewarding. But I'm glad my adjustments don't have an immediate impact with respect to people living and dying.
statistics (Score:1)
or perhaps less experienced pilots would tend to mount attacks from behind.
the guy sounds very clever, but when i see statistics like that i start wondering about what they're really measuring.
Re:statistics (Score:1)
Umm, what difference does it make? If you're suffering more losses from frontal attacks, you need to beef up your frontal defense. It doesn't really matter why the losses are greater, the reaction is going to be the same.
not really.. (Score:2)
What you say is somewhat true, but if you know why you're taking losses in a certain situation you're more likely to make the most effective adjustments.
Re:statistics (Score:1)
(...) the simplified statistics look like a trap; he treats them
as a simple metric of the bomber's vulnerability to attack from different
angles
(...) or perhaps less experienced pilots would tend to mount attacks
from behind.
I see your point. If the opposition's tactics were such that
the likelihood of an attack from the rear as opposed to a frontal attack
was greater than 70/3, then this would indicate that even more tactical protection
was required for the rear, rather than the front. Time dependence of
enemy tactics beginning with the initial engagment should also enter into
the analysis, as you suggest.
Re:statistics (Score:1)
Re:statistics (Score:2)
the guy sounds very clever, but when i see statistics like that i start wondering about what they're really measuring.
I seriously doubt that the brief summary of his work on that problem was the entire thought process or analysis.
Considering that the analysis he did make apparently helped to alleviate the problem says something to be certain. There's also the possability that data was severely limited and all he could do is make a good experimental guess.
Payment: Old Granddad! (Score:4, Informative)
My favorite line of the entire article (in reference to the fabrication of slide rules used in the missions):
But, to avoid paperwork and delivery delays, I chose to have them made at the Harmon Field sheet-metal shop on Guam. At that time, there wasn't much combat damage to B-29s. So the repair crews readily gave up some of their beach time for a few bottles of Old Granddad.
Yep, things we're certainly different back then!
Re:Payment: Old Granddad! (Score:1)
Re:Payment: Old Granddad! (Score:2)
If someone today told me I had to perform computations on a slide-rule while fending from enemy attack, I would think they're joking. But this is what they actually went through.
Where I used to work, we had a cranky old curmudgeon of an engineer. He was great fun; he knew how to use AutoCAD, but he hated it. Every time Windows would BSoD on him, out would come the slide rule from its padded case. And he was an artist with it.
Re:Payment: Old Granddad! (Score:2)
Division of labor (Score:2)
This is an article which really makes me appreciate what we have today. If someone today told me I had to perform computations on a
slide-rule while fending from enemy attack, I would think they're joking. But this is what they actually went through.
It's not like the pilot had to fly and use a slide rule at the same time. The B-29 carried a crew of 10 to 14. Computational tasks were performed by the navigator, co-pilot, and bombardier.
Pilot workload in today's warcraft is higher than it was back then. All those jobs are now done by one, or at most two, crew, along with multiple computers.
The last line of the article states . . . (Score:1)
I do not work in and have had very little exposure to research science. I have read many stories, fiction and non, of competition providing motivation, even the base fuel to researchers in their endeavor to innovate. My grandfather, who was an optical engineer, related to me some stories of his time working in the optics research division of a very large and respected corporation during the fifties and sixties. Though they were on the same "team", the level of competition at that facility was as high as any he had ever seen in any of his experiences, including his time in the military and as an amateur and professional boxer.
I would be interested to hear from people that are directly exposed to research sciences what role competition plays.
Re:The last line of the article states . . . (Score:1)
Well, these days the competition can stop you from getting funded. I've seen it happen a couple of times where somebody's competitor winds up being on the committee reviewing their latest grant proposal, and they don't get funded as a result.
That, of course, would be one of the downsides to competition in science.
Re:The last line of the article states . . . (Score:1)
Re:The last line of the article states . . . (Score:2)
It is probably most succinctly summed up by this quote from Henry Kissinger:
Btw: that quotation comes in various forms and is attributed to various people. I selected the first example I found.
Shouldn't this be labeled "Ironic" (Score:1)
(Oh wait, this isn't FARK. Nevermind.)
So, they're hackers... (Score:3, Funny)
``Requests for special slide rules grew. To respond quickly, I set up a paperwork-free design and production service. Our streamlined procedures took advantage of the fact that officers had a monthly liquor allowance but enlisted men did not. To secure a special slide rule, the requesting officer would pay with two bottles. I would pass these contributions along to the enlisted members of the 949th Topographical Company, who did the drafting, calculations, and reproductions. Somehow our service enjoyed a de facto priority second only to the production of mission maps.''
My God...it's the grandfather of "Free as in Beer!"
Re:So, they're hackers... (Score:2)
Uhm...no.
I am a hacker, but I do not break into computer systems, or do anything illegal of any kind for that matter. Perhaps you were thinking of "crackers?"
Re:So, they're hackers... (Score:1)
Then ask them what a cracker is.
You might find it enlightening.
Re:So, they're hackers... (Score:2)
-sigh-
Power? (Score:1)
Re:Power? (Score:1)
Not quite graphitics... (Score:2)
Funny with a Twist (Score:2)
Shockley, Teller, and LeMay
what an unholy trinity that is!
Shockley [ferris.edu], the Nobel Prize winner who determined to devote his life to eugenics;
Teller [tripod.com], the brilliant scientist who pushed the DoD further into the realm of "The Super", and beyond;
and, finally, LeMay [wa.gov] (brilliantly portrayed by George C. Scott in "Dr. Strangelove"), the hawk's hawk who would stop at nothing to achieve global superiority for his country, even at the expense of the American people.
These men, while they performed great deeds in their lifetimes, are to me a good example of how excessive hubris in the scientific and technical arena can be a very dangerous thing, indeed. None of these men can be considered Great Men, in my opinion, because they wandered from the path of integrity and truth in their zealous pursuit of technology for technology's sake.
But the article makes for a great read, and I'm sure in their day these men were admired and respected. I have the advantage of hindsight, and hope that we can all learn from these men how, for some vicious mole of nature in them [thineownself.com], even the greatest of men are prone to fall!
LeMay and HTML (Score:1)
Admit it. Who bought The HTML book [amazon.co.uk] because:
Re:Funny with a Twist (Score:2)
Also IIRC, isn't there still some controversy as to if it was really Teller's design for the Super? There was a fair ammount of evidence that the design was really Ulam's and Teller stole it, wasn't there?
Of course, IMHO, Teller is simply a nutbar, but that's just me. Atomics for civil engineering my arse!
Re:Funny with a Twist (Score:2)
Here. [emich.edu]
So I wouldn't put it past him. A nasty man...
not the end of the world (Score:2)
That's okay. Losing Slashdot for the day was bad, but it's worth it when you picture all the trolls and karma whores desperately trying to take advantage of the second chance to get first post on the Mac metadata story.
"Gah! I click Reply and it goes back to the main page! But i need to post, it says 0 comments! Reply! Reply! Augghhh!"
Army Air Corp, not Air Force (Score:1)
BTHS (Score:1)
Don't let this article give you a favorable opinion of Brooklyn Tech.
It reaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaalllllly is a bad school. I don't know why it's still a NY "Specialized High School."(Did they mean to call it "Special" High School)
Anyhow, I got one more year of suffering in brooklyn tech left.
Somebody shoot me point blank with a sniper rifle.
Air Force? (Score:1)
The article reminds me a lot of "Surely you're joking, Mr. Feynman!".
R. P. Feynman, Safe Cracker (Score:1)
i would have thought... (Score:1)
I suppose it'd be a bit too intelectual for hollywood though.
Re:i would have thought... (Score:1)
I was thinking that it would make a good companion piece to Cryptonomicon - they both discussed men of thought thrown into the midst of WWII and prized for their intellect. OK, Cryptonomicon had a lot more stuff too, but just imagine the yarn that Stephenson could spin out of this guy's story :)
Re:i would have thought... (Score:1)
After reading this article, I'm wondering why I stayed up for four nights reading Cryptonomicon by Neal Stephenson.
In ten minutes this guy drops just as many names as Stephenson, and the -1 comments are just like the sex between the fat unix guy and America Shaftoe.
Use the Preview Button! Check those URLs! Don't forget the http://!
No Shit, Sherlock... (Score:2)
He pretty much described right there the basic concept of any sliderule ever used by anybody. All that was needed was to figure out the trig formula and making the numbers different on a normal rule. And for this the Army Air Corps needed a PhD candidate? I didn't know they had PHBs that long ago.
BTW: Is it my imagination or do we no longer need P tags?
Re:No Shit, Sherlock... (Score:1)
Of course, I'm sure that with your towering intellect, you would have come up with it much more quickly, allowing our friend the writer to get on with whatever it is he was supposed to be doing.
(Can you tell I really hate these "it's so obvious" posts?)
Re:No Shit, Sherlock... (Score:2)
I was harping on that particular paragraph's wording. He seems to be claiming credit for the sliderule in general (something the author points out at the bottom of the article that has been in use since the 17th century or so).
In today's terms, it would be like me saying "I developed a new, specialized computer for our B-2 bombers. It has a small hexadecimal LCD screen, a number pad, and four buttons, one each for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. With it, the crews can enter one number, press the multiplication button, enter a second number and receive the product of those two numbers. For more complicated calculations, I've even inclucded a small memory for storing values."
Slide rules and related devices (Score:2)
Designing something usable in combat with hastily trained crews was a neat trick.
incorrect simulation (Score:3, Insightful)
Any guesses what they were doing wrong with the "massive combat simulation study"?
backwards vulnerability wild ass guess (Score:3, Funny)
(how many times, if you were a technical student, have you ever calculated a negative mass or something and realized it was a simple sign error somewhere in the middle of a pages-long computation?)
Re:incorrect simulation (Score:1)
I'd guess that they based this on:
a) the history of the other bombers of WWII, that took MANY more losses from the rear than from the front, as they had much more front-bearing defensive weaponry
b) the japanese were used to making frontal attacks on the old bombers, and were better at avoiding the defensive weaponry. It's a reflex thing. If you've ever played a flight sim you know that it's much easier to stay on target when you're behind an enemy - but if you practice the frontal attacks, with double the closure speed, that's a huge advantage.
c) Read some history of the Pacific air war sometime. The Japanese pilots were totally fearless, they didn't care if they died attacking bombers, because of the Samurai ethic, and that the B-29 was being used to bomb the home islands. By the time the B-29 showed up (late winter/spring 45) we were well into Japanese territory and it was a grave insult to them.
-JW
Re:incorrect simulation (Score:1)
To state the obvious, wrong assumptions that could only be properly tested in real combat. Don't forget that that there'd never been anything that heavy, fast, and long-range before, and that the development program had to be pushed through at an incredible tempo once the war started in the Pacific where such an aircraft was essential. It's not surprising that simulations didn't always get the right answers - what was critical was that the real-world results were accepted and acted on, rather than a having a lot of arguing with the simulations people fighting for "their" results.
There's a lot of material available online about the plane. Try asking Google about "B-29" and combat and warbirds, and look at the warbirdsresourcegroup page near the top of the list.
Re:incorrect simulation (Score:2)
Or maybe they just failed to simulate desperate Japanese pilots using kamikaze tactics. From the tail, there was plenty of time to shoot an attacker down, from the nose it was probably too late by the time they locked on target. And a zero hitting head-on would either destroy the whole cockpit or shear a wing off if on target.
Oh hi ho and a bottle of rum (Score:2)
Great, just great.... (Score:1, Offtopic)
Thank god I did not think it was a kernel problem....
Flying tigers (Score:1, Funny)
My favorite quote:
Sad that the tiger who provided such companionship to Calvin would one day finally go completely crazy.
Anonymous cowards do too know how to spell, dammit.
Sounds like a dodged question to me... (Score:1)
OK this sounds scientifically correct - but what was the actual answer to Mr. Teller's question?
Re:Sounds like a dodged question to me... (Score:3, Informative)
From the pilot's own account of the Nagasaki bombing [att.net]:
If that's what a bomb at 1640 feet feels like from 30000 feet and after turning away and hauling ass out of there [att.net] as fast as possible, then there's... well... to be blunt, I see no effing way a B-29 could deliver a high-altitude demonstration burst and have survived, slide rule or not.
(By way of reference, the service ceiling of a B-29 is around 33000 feet. Flying to 60000 feet simply wasn't an option with the technology at the time - and the B-29 was the only aircraft capable of lifting something as heavy as a nuke and flying it the required distance.)
War isn't pretty. War isn't supposed to be pretty. The day war becomes pretty, we've all got problems.
Re:Sounds like a dodged question to me... (Score:2)
Read some of the US media descriptions of the Gulf War, or even better find some CNN footage from it. Not pretty, exactly, but most of them avoided as much of the ugly stuff as they could. They made it look like a video-game war. Granted, they were mostly just passing along the stuff spoon-fed to them by the Pentagon, but that's part of the problem, innit?
Yup, we've all got problems.
Extreme programming, you kids (Score:1)
Databases (Score:2)
Michael, SAP/DB [sap.com] is free, and transaction safe, and hence recoverable if the machine crashes. Might be worth checking it out. It's GPL, too.
Cheers!
Nuke (Score:2)
The B-29 over Nagasaki was barely far enough away to avoid destruction as it was; if we'd done the "demonstration" so many Slashdotters occasionally complain about, it would have been a suicide mission.
Re:Nuke (Score:2)
Yup. That doesn't rule it out, of course -- it's not like suicide missions aren't sometimes worth the cost. But instead, it was a 60,000* homicides mission. And 90,000* homicides for Hiroshima. (Possibly justifiable homicides, depending on how one looks at it. But possibly not.)
*Conservative estimates.
Re:Nuke (Score:2)
How many homicides are you gonna charge us with for Iwo Jima? Normandy?
Re:Nuke (Score:2)
How many were there?
Like I said, it's at least arguable that killing people is sometimes justifiable. But it is still killing. Arguing that one should go ahead and kill tens of thousands of people because one possible alternative is a suicide mission for a few is totally specious.
Would I go on such a suicide mission? Dammed if I know. If I was reasonably certain that it had a good chance of making hundreds of thousands of further deaths on either/both sides less likely, I like to think that I'd be willing. But obviously no one can really know such a thing about themselves unless they're actually in the situation.
Re:Nuke (Score:2)
Killing does not necessarily equal homicide. You used a specific term.
Arguing that one should go ahead and kill tens of thousands of people because one possible alternative is a suicide mission for a few is totally specious.
Is it? I don't see it that way.
Japan attacked us. The way I see it, that means that saving their lives becomes less of a consideration than saving the lives of our people.
I would never advocate an initiation of force, but they initiated.
And don't give me the "following orders" argument; if you're expecting ME to commit suicide to avoid killing them, they should bloody well commit suicide first to avoid killing me.
Re:Nuke (Score:2)
[shrug] I'm not expecting YOU to do anything.
Re:MySQL (Score:1, Offtopic)
1)Postgres is SQL-92 compliant, and supports normal DB syntax like nested selects, transactions, etc. MySQL doesn't.
2)Postgres has a much more robust API for devolpers
Postgres is ENTIRELY Free software, and is only licensed under the GPL, unlike MySQL, which has a commercial version, and the GPL version, and the closed source version, of which the GPL version is always behind.
Sure, MySQL may have a bit of an edge on speed, but not by much. And when you take into account all the functionality it lacks, I don't know why anyone would shoose to limit themselves so much by using it.
Re:MySQL (Score:1, Offtopic)
Because it has a better name :P
Re:MySQL (Score:2)
Both of the comparisons that have been done on phpbuilder.net have put PostgreSQL ahead on heavily loaded sites (like slashdot). MySQL's lead has always really been connection times. However, it's a total flop under many concurrent connections.
Re:MySQL (Score:2)
Postgres is ENTIRELY Free software, and is only licensed under the GPL, unlike MySQL, which has a commercial version, and the GPL version, and the closed source version, of which the GPL version is always behind.
Your statements are not correct:
That said, I much prefer PostgreSQL - good transaction support (no switching of table types), subselects, foreign keys, better performance under load, triggers etc. are just some of the reason why it's a better database.
(Disclaimer: I work for Red Hat, which is selling a version of PostgreSQL.)
Re:MySQL (Score:1)
Re:Yamato... (Score:1)
Jak Din
Re:Yamato... (Score:1)
Re:Lubrication? (Score:1)
We all know that alcohol makes the best social "lubricant".
Re:A Rant... (Score:1)
Re:A Rant... (Score:1)
What kind of bullshit is that? That kind of statement should earn you -1 right off the top. If you have something that people want to hear you don't have to worry about being modded down (which is why this comment will probably end up at 0).
Re:my husband norman (Score:1)
Here on Slashdot [slashdot.org] we use the Shift key [internet.com]. It produces UPPER CASE letters that you can start your sentences with!
And yes, I know, IHBT.
Re:Database crash? (Score:1, Troll)
Combine high volume, unreliable software and a toy database with the often-demonstrated technical incompetence of the staff and you have the disaster that is Slashdot.
Re:Database crash? (Score:2)