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Biotech Medicine

COVID-19 Vaccine's mRNA Technology Adapted for First Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Vaccine (medicalxpress.com) 115

Researchers have created the world's first mRNA-based vaccine against a deadly, antibiotic-resistant bacterium — and they did it using the platform developed for COVID-19 vaccines.

Medical Express publishes their announcement: The vaccine developed by the team from the Institute for Biological Research and Tel Aviv University is an mRNA-based vaccine delivered via lipid nanoparticles, similar to the COVID-19 vaccine. However, mRNA vaccines are typically effective against viruses like COVID-19 — not against bacteria like the plague... In 2023, the researchers developed a unique method for producing the bacterial protein within a human cell in a way that prompts the immune system to recognize it as a genuine bacterial protein and thus learn to defend against it.

The researchers from Tel Aviv University and the Institute for Biological Research proved, for the first time, that it is possible to develop an effective mRNA vaccine against bacteria. They chose Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that causes bubonic plague — a disease responsible for deadly pandemics throughout human history. In animal models, the researchers demonstrated that it is possible to effectively vaccinate against the disease with a single dose.

The team of researchers was led by Professor Dan Peer at Tel Aviv University, a global pioneer in mRNA drug development, who says the success of the current study now "paves the way for a whole world of mRNA-based vaccines against other deadly bacteria."

COVID-19 Vaccine's mRNA Technology Adapted for First Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Vaccine

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  • Why plague? I'd rather have a vaccine against something I actually have a chance of getting. But the answer is at the end of the article:

    "The disease is caused by a bacterium called Yersinia pestis, for which there is no approved vaccine in Western countries. This bacterium is highly contagious and extremely lethal, making it a serious threat. Moreover, this bacterium concerns us as a potential agent of bioterrorism. If one of our enemies tries to use it against us, we want to be prepared with a vaccine."

    Grants are probably very available for bio-weapon defense. Or at least normally they would be. I've heard science funding is a bit of a mess.

    • by drewsup ( 990717 ) on Monday July 14, 2025 @07:56AM (#65519012)

      https://www.nbcnews.com/news/a... [nbcnews.com]

      Just because You don't know about it, doesn't make your statement true.

    • Proof of concept (Score:5, Interesting)

      by Gravis Zero ( 934156 ) on Monday July 14, 2025 @08:24AM (#65519050)

      Why plague?

      It's both interesting and distinct which has resulted in a lot of studies of Yersinia pestis. This has yielded a firm understanding of it's mechanisms. When making a proof of concept treatment, you first target a well understood target which makes Yersinia pestis an ideal target. A simple misunderstanding of the target bacteria's function could result in years of wasted efforts or delays.

      A similar phenomenon exists for when we want to utilize a mechanism found in biology for our own ends. A good example of this is the use of HIV to design a retroviral vector for a gene therapy. It's been studied so much that we know a great deal of how it works.

      I'd rather have a vaccine against something I actually have a chance of getting.

      Yersinia pestis is something you can get if you visit a national park because it's carried by rodents. See also: https://science.slashdot.org/s... [slashdot.org]

      • by piojo ( 995934 )

        Thank you for your explanation.

        Yersinia pestis is something you can get if you visit a national park because it's carried by rodents

        That's got to be some kind of statistical sin, but I'm not sure which one. It's probably more numerically accurate to say I could get it because I like urban gardening and so do rats--depending on the rate of yersinia pestis in city rats versus park rats.

    • by tlhIngan ( 30335 )

      Plague has a very effective vaccine aleady. However, because of its very low incidence, it's safer to not provide everyone with the vaccine - only those who are likely to encounter it with an increased risk (exterminators, for example). At this point for the vast majority of people it's an unnecessary shot so it's better to not have it.

      If you do get it and are unvaccinated, antibiotics generally are very effective if caught early. Though there have been a couple of incidents where it's been resistant, so it

    • I've heard science funding is a bit of a mess.

      In the US, yes. This is Israel, and I guess they have reason to worry about bioterrorism. Goes with the territory when you spend your time kicking hornets nests.

      • In the US, yes. This is Israel, and I guess they have reason to worry about bioterrorism. Goes with the territory when you spend your time kicking hornets nests.

        So it's still funded by the US then.

  • Why wouldn't this work with a subunit + adjuvant vaccine? Or a viral vector instead of a non biological vector?

    • As a layman, the basic difference is that traditional vaccines are created from viruses, buy rendering them harmless, while mRNA vaccines are kind of "programmed", or "engineered" from scratch. I think this is an exciting progression, and may be as important as the discovery and refining of Penicillin itself that has saved hundreds of millions of lives and limbs.
      • The ones I mentioned are all engineered. Subunit puts the proteins in some porous adjuvant, mRNA uses the lipid nanoparticle as an artificial vector to get mRNA into cells and have it reproduce the protein, viral vector does the same though the viral vector can be more selective in what cells to infect. Both mRNA and viral vector can use amplification inside the cell.

        The viral vector can be attenuated by pre-existing resistance, but the lipid nanoparticle can have increasing immunogenic reactions with each

        • by jacks smirking reven ( 909048 ) on Monday July 14, 2025 @09:49AM (#65519276)

          Lipid nanoparticles to me seem the method with the highest odds of unintended consequences

          I mean we can think that but where is the evidence, after billions of shots into billions of people for 5 years now? So we have combined how many billions of doses for a 5 year timespan, at a certain point we can stop surmising and start making true statements.

          Seriously, I have been hearing the "what if" crowd since Jan 2021 and they have been wrong at every time. It was 1 year, then 2 years, then 3 years, then 5 years. Will the adverse effects show up in 10 years? 20? Can we approve new medicine ever?

          I'm sorry but the vaccine skeptic crowd is not interested in medicine, they are interested in political gains and antivax has just become another part of that.

          • The existing side effects are unintended consequences and help drive vaccine hesitancy. Take something like whole cell pertussis, the side effects were so bad it caused a huge dip in vaccine acceptance.

            • Nah, I still blame the skeptic crowd, even with pertussis the effects were acture and any long term issues were determined to be unrelated to the vaccines but that didn't stop that crowd from perpetuating this idea that "vaccines have zero side effects any any side effects at all is unsafe".

              Also the pertussis incident makes the case for more mRNA since that vaccine was a whole virus and mRNA is exactly not that, those types of reactions are eliminated with mRNA.

              So why is the skeptic crowd up in arms about v

              • Blaming humans for being humans won't change the outcome.

                Even nurses got vaccine hesitancy from the severity of the side effects from mRNA vaccines.

                • No I do blame humans for their bad logic, bad conclusions and falling into bad faith political conspiracy theories. I blame them, the media who pushes them and people like you who also push it hesitantly and cowardly.

                  They have no evidence, don't care about science, don't care about medicine. Only what is politically advantaged to their cause which has little to do with science and everything to do with disliking liberals.

                  I am no longer giving skeptics any benefits of the doubt. They were wrong then and t

                  • By and large nurses aren't skeptics, they just don't like feeling sick.

                    • Nurses are not immune to online conspiracy dealers. Do they have evidence or is this about their feelings?

                      If they are unwilling to research this stuff or have qualms with the science and process that maintain their entire career maybe they should get a new career. You don't have a right to a job as a nurse.

                      I work in audio visual, if I believed light waves from projectors are a government conspiracy that gives people cancer then maybe I should get a new career because obviously I have no interest in the work

                    • They weren't hesitant because they believed any theory, they were hesitant about the cost/benefit ratio of an additional dose after the fact they got sick and missed work.

                      My theory is that mRNA has the wealthiest patent holders behind it and that means it will show up in new medicine, regardless of whether it's truly best suited.

                    • Bullshit. If you are a nurse then you should know vaccines, of most and many types can make you sick after administration. We all knew this in 2021 it was well known after you get your covid shot that you might feel shitty for a few days. Happens with the flu shot and many other shots, your immune system is getting a boost, it's gonna react. Why do we have this idea that "Vaccines must have no side effects whatsoever or they aren't safe"

                      If a nurse cant know this or look into it then they are not very goo

                    • They take flu vaccines each year too, mRNA vaccines were in a class of their own for systemic side effects.

                      For foundational mRNA medicine patent owners, funding mRNA medicine research instead of subunit/viral-vector makes perfect sense. Got to work with what you have. No company can research or acquire everything, what the richest companies end up with technology wise is a bit of a luck of the draw. Markets are not perfectly efficient.

                    • 95% of the post-shot symptoms are the same. Swelling, soreness, slight fever, fatigue, etc. Even myocarditis has a slight chance with the flu shot, so again, to what degree would a nurse get sick that would give them enough information to say "these vaccines are untested unsafe, ineffective" the answer is zero if they are being honest.

                      "Different companies have different methods they specialize in". That's your sentence. It offers no evidence for conspiracy you are alleging. Plenty of pharma companies go

                    • Nurses have to take additional vaccinations all the damn time, because they are exposed to all kinds of shit on a daily basis.

                      Nurses especially know that many vaccines can make you feel a bit under the weather after administration, because they have both experience with that themselves, as well as the experience of administering lots of vaccines to lots of people. Flu shots, yellow fever shots, COVID shots, and others all have the ability to make you not feel great for a day or two, because they are ACTIVA

                • And nurses, of course, are widely known to be expert virologists and molecular chemists to know what side effects are from what.

                  Do you really think that somehow registered nurses are immune from bad assumptions and incorrect correlation?

    • by quenda ( 644621 )

      In the case of Covid-19 vaccines, mRNA ones turned out to be clearly superior.
      I had one of each, which may have had a slight advantage over a booster of the same, but mRNA had lower rates of complications.

      • Evidence is mixed :
        https://www.sciencedirect.com/... [sciencedirect.com]

        Despite TTS in young women, Jannsen was a huge positive outlier in minor side effects for the major vaccines used in the population wide experiment. Novavax subunit vaccine seems to have been better tolerated than mRNA vaccines too, though it came too late to benefit from the full experiment.

    • It kind of does work, but mRNA worked better.
      From my reading, the COVID virus line are not easy for our immune system to learn, so the mRNA targeted approach ends up working better because we can tell the immune system 'here: target THIS'. With traditional vaccines, the cells targeted by the virus are not easy for the immune system to travel to and communicate back.

    • An mRNA vaccine is just a subunit vaccine with an extra step. The subunit is synthesized in the body. You don't have to protect the subunit for delivery because it's already where it needs to be. And the same mRNA lipid delivery can be used for any subunit rather than specific to the vaccine.

  • Excellent (Score:5, Insightful)

    by gweihir ( 88907 ) on Monday July 14, 2025 @02:17PM (#65520110)

    There was a long stagnation in vaccines and related med-tech. Looks like mRNA finally got through that. Good.

    And, as an added benefit, the life-risks of the anti-vax morons just got comparably higher. Also good.

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