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Science

Covid Hospitalisation May Affect Thinking Similar To 20 Years of Ageing, Study Says (theguardian.com) 146

People who have been hospitalised with Covid may be left with difficulties in thinking comparable in magnitude to ageing 20 years, research suggests. From a report: As the pandemic swept the world it became apparent that coronavirus could not only cause immediate health problems but also leave some people with often debilitating symptoms -- a condition known as long Covid. According to one UK study, about a third of patients who experienced symptoms after being hospitalised felt fully recovered a year later, with little improvement for most patients in areas including physical function and cognitive impairment. Now experts have revealed that some patients were left with, on average, a lingering cognitive decline.

David Menon, a professor at Cambridge University and senior author of the study, said the degree of impairment was linked to the severity of illness. "[Covid] does cause problems with a variety of organs in the body, including the brain and our cognitive function and our psychological health," he said. "If you can have a vaccine, and all your doses, you will have less severe illness. So all of these problems are going to be less." Writing in the eClinicalMedicine journal, Menon and colleagues report how they examined the results of cognitive tests performed by 46 patients, on average six months after they were admitted to Addenbrooke's hospital in Cambridge between March and July 2020. Of this group, 16 received mechanical ventilation.

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Covid Hospitalisation May Affect Thinking Similar To 20 Years of Ageing, Study Says

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  • I thought it attacked mostly the lungs because spewing itself into the air is how it spreads itself. How does it screw up the brain?

    And how often do other flu viruses do similar? I've had nasty flu's in the past that made me feel sluggish for a few weeks after recovery, like every day was Monday. The feeling gradually went away.

    • Re:Two questions (Score:5, Interesting)

      by t.reagan ( 7420066 ) on Tuesday May 03, 2022 @11:22AM (#62499432)
      Inflammation. From local to systemic. The virus attacks, the body's immune system defends. Sometimes the host's defense response does more damage.
      • For those of you questioning this statement, it would be an accurate summary of exactly how the last pandemic ("Spanish" Flu) came to solidify itself into history.

        Pathetically, you still didn't learn.

    • Re:Two questions (Score:5, Informative)

      by smooth wombat ( 796938 ) on Tuesday May 03, 2022 @11:41AM (#62499488) Journal
      I thought it attacked mostly the lungs because spewing itself into the air is how it spreads itself. How does it screw up the brain?

      As difficult as it may seem to believe, the human body is not a closed system. Blood circulates everywhere and wherever blood goes, so do all the viruses and bacteria. Covid is affecting the gray matter of the brain [nbcnews.com] which in turn leads to decline.
      • by Tablizer ( 95088 )

        Is this the case with most infectious viruses (flu's etc.), or does Covid have a different pattern that makes it more brain-unfriendly?

        • Re:Two questions (Score:4, Interesting)

          by Vancorps ( 746090 ) on Tuesday May 03, 2022 @12:19PM (#62499654)

          Most viruses cannot get through the blood brain barrier. Covid is an exception, this has been known since the end of 2020 and one of the many reasons people kept calling it the novel coronavirus. It is a nasty virus. [sciencedaily.com] that has all sorts of impacts depending on your body chemistry.

          Ace2 present in the lungs for everybody but also present in other organs has been directly linked to the spike protein leading to organ failure/damage in the infected. Children have fewer Ace-2 receptors which is one of the theories why it doesn't hurt them as bad. The science is still ongoing of course. [frontiersin.org]

          • by jbengt ( 874751 )

            Most viruses cannot get through the blood brain barrier. Covid is an exception, this has been known since the end of 2020 . . .

            Don't know exactly what percentage of viruses can cross the blood-brain barrier, but I wouldn't call SARS CoV-2 an exception. [nih.gov]

            Viral encephalitis is a potentially deadly sequela of viral infection for which there are few treatment options. It is frequently associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB; see Glossary) disruption, enabling entry of virus, inflammatory cells, and deleterious molecules into the brain parenchyma. Members of at least 11 virus families, including DNA viruses, retroviruses, and RNA viruses, cause encephalitis with significant morbidity and mortality

            Also, it appears that it was not really well known in late 2000 that the Covid virus itself could cross the blood-brain barrier [nature.com]

            It is unclear whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which causes coronavirus disease 2019, can enter the brain.

    • I've had nasty flu's in the past that made me feel sluggish for a few weeks after recovery, like every day was Monday. The feeling gradually went away.

      Trying to encapsulate and define illness as a "Monday", is something the overwhelming majority of medical professionals, will dismiss.

      "Monday", is where other professionals in mental health tend to infect your wallet. Be careful as to how assume you define progress. It can get expensive, but not necessarily fruitful.

    • by HiThere ( 15173 )

      That the effect happens with COVID is quite well known. What isn't known (or wasn't) is whether it's persistent. Lots of people say things based on a short study, which don't hold up on the longer term. Since this is the Guardian, I don't feel like trusting it as a report on new research. (I.e., I didn't follow the link.)

      All that said, many viral infections can cause temporary brain-fog, and COVID is well known to be worse than most in that respect. It's thought that this may be do to the immune system

    • Comment removed based on user account deletion
    • by hey! ( 33014 )

      From what I have read there is no definitive answer yet to how COVID related brain damages happens, but there appears to be three possible routes: (1) direct infection, (2) vascular damage and (3) acute hypoxia. This is still all very new, but if I had to put my money on one route being implicated in long term neurological complications it'd be vascular damage. The brain is a very energy hungry organ.

      To answer your second question, influenza can have serious neurological complications, but it's much rarer

    • It's sometimes useful to compare COVID19 to other viruses, but there are some significant limits to the comparison of outcomes due to differences in the way it affected human society and the way human society reacted.

      For example, COVID19 was a virus no one had been exposed to previously, yet was contagious enough to spread around the world in a few weeks to months. This means the entire world was obsessed with it, its spread, its symptoms, its effects. Billions in funding have been poured into research and

    • Also heart, liver, and kidneys IIRC. There is concern for other things as well; this isn't the first study on cognition issues.

      Other serious illnesses can have similar impacts, but the flu isn't really considered to be in that category beyond potential for lung damage-- we are talking things like cancer.

    • Re:Two questions (Score:5, Informative)

      by c ( 8461 ) <beauregardcp@gmail.com> on Tuesday May 03, 2022 @01:17PM (#62499936)

      How does it screw up the brain?

      There's a lot of evidence that Covid isn't really a respiratory disease, but that it's a vascular disease. Covid can do damage anywhere there's blood. It tends to start in the lungs because that's where it enters the body, but it's not restricted to the lungs.

    • Covid targets a receptor called ACE2 as a conduit to shuttling hostile RNA into target cells. This is a particularly nasty little trick because ACE2 is used all over the body and has some ugly implications.

      The biggest one is that ACE2 regulates circulation and as a result seems to lead to extensive blood clotting, something I would consider to be Covids signature symptom. This blood clotting happens all over the body and leads to multi organ damage all over the body.

      It gets weirder from there. ACE2 is all o

  • ...now all she does is sleep, eat or sit on the sofa blankly staring into the distance like an 80yo with dementia.

  • Compared to what? (Score:2, Interesting)

    by Anonymous Coward
    It might be worth comparing cognitive ability of people who spent the same time in the hospital for reasons other than COVID.

    About 5 years ago I spent a couple of months in the hospital (including several surgeries and almost an organ transplant), and it certainly affected my cognitive ability for some time afterwards.

    How much is COVID, and how much is everything else they do to patients in the hospital?
    • by DarkOx ( 621550 )

      That and the affects of other respiratory sever enough to hospitalize disease adjusted for age and other health factors.

      One main things that determined IF you should go to the hospital for covid-19 was if your blood oxygen level dropped significantly. It stands to reason a prolonged hypoxemia probably isnt great for your brain. I am curious if covid-19 is really very unique here.

      • I am curious if covid-19 is really very unique here.

        At the point where it became the leading cause of death, that question become rather redundant.
        As COVID as morphed into something less virulent, your question became less redundant.

      • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

        One main things that determined IF you should go to the hospital for covid-19 was if your blood oxygen level dropped significantly.

        It's a little more complicated than that, unfortunately. Blood oxygen was one of the main things that determined hospital admissions, and severe deficit on admission was a good predictor of outcome, but it is unclear how accurate the data is.

        In the early days, there were a lot of people who seemed entirely normal while supposedly having ridiculously low blood oxygen levels (talking on the phone like nothing was wrong when they should have been barely conscious). I believe that this was caused by overuse o

        • I believe that this was caused by overuse of arterial blood gas analysis to determine blood oxygen level. When people have abnormally high white blood cell counts (as is often the case with COVID), if it takes too long to process the samples and you don't adequately cool the blood samples, the WBCs can consume all the oxygen in the blood. The medical term for this is pseudohypoxemia [nih.gov].

          Ehm? Blood oxygen is usually not measured by sending blood samples to the lab, but rather with a real-time non-invasive pulse oximeter, as started by the paper that you cite.
          https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wik... [wikipedia.org]

          That said, p.o. indeed tends to give low values under certain conditions, though mainly if the oxygen saturation is critically low anyway (based on a quick look at this paper:
          https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p... [nih.gov] )

          • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

            I believe that this was caused by overuse of arterial blood gas analysis to determine blood oxygen level. When people have abnormally high white blood cell counts (as is often the case with COVID), if it takes too long to process the samples and you don't adequately cool the blood samples, the WBCs can consume all the oxygen in the blood. The medical term for this is pseudohypoxemia [nih.gov].

            Ehm? Blood oxygen is usually not measured by sending blood samples to the lab, but rather with a real-time non-invasive pulse oximeter, as started by the paper that you cite. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wik... [wikipedia.org]

            Yes, I'm well aware of what a pulse oximeter is. That article was talking about the difference between SAO2 (arterial blood gas, which comes from a blood test) and SPO2 (pulse oximetry, which comes from the meter that you put on your finger).

            That said, I should have linked to an article that actually has full text available. :-)

            Here's an article about pseudohypoxemia in leukemia patients [nih.gov]. The same basic principle applies in any situation where you have an excessive WBC count.

            That said, p.o. indeed tends to give low values under certain conditions, though mainly if the oxygen saturation is critically low anyway (based on a quick look at this paper:

            There were a number of recorde

    • by jbengt ( 874751 )

      It might be worth comparing cognitive ability of people who spent the same time in the hospital for reasons other than COVID.

      About 5 years ago I spent a couple of months in the hospital (including several surgeries and almost an organ transplant), and it certainly affected my cognitive ability for some time afterwards.

      This is probably a good idea, and probably also something that will be looked into statistically. When I worked at a hospital, as part of a push ti get everyone to wash their hands freque

  • Seems the ./ editors can't be bothered to spell "Aging" correctly. Must be Covid by proxy.

    When I was in college, the college newspaper would misspell headlines. I thought this was just youthful inexperience, but little did I know it was a harbinger of the coming idiocracy.

    • by ceoyoyo ( 59147 )

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... [wikipedia.org]

      If someone is spelling it incorrectly, it's you, mate.

      • Christ, you loony brits.
        Ageing?! Really? It's fucking painful to look at.
        It defies all syntactic rules!

        I'm playing though. I'm involved in a partnership with a British company right now, and we constantly make fun of each other for our stupid spellings.
    • British English isn't any more a misspelling than American English.
      Either should be considered valid spellings, because both languages become more unrecognizable every 100 years back you look- that is to say orthography evolves quickly in English.

      Shakespeare would have written, "The hauty ghests were detters", and he wouldn't have been wrong either.
      It's natural that English evolution diverged between us after 1775.
    • by skam240 ( 789197 )

      Ha, gotta love it when some twit with a stick up their butt claims societal decline over some one accidentally using the British version of aging which any spell check will allow through.

  • Maybe Gen-Z will collectively and instantly age out of itself!

  • The world could benefit a lot from 20 extra years of wisdom. Wait...
  • there's been a sudden spike in Fox News ratings among the hardest hit areas.

    Thanks you, I'll be here all night, try your waitress and tip the veal.
  • Damage is damage (Score:4, Interesting)

    by kackle ( 910159 ) on Tuesday May 03, 2022 @01:16PM (#62499934)
    This might be mildly off-topic, but I am coincidentally reading a book on the 1918 influenza pandemic. I didn't know about the following:

    (President Wilson catches influenza) '...Irwin Hoover recalled several new and very strange ideas that Wilson suddenly believed, including one that his home was filled with French spies: "Nothing we could say could disabuse his mind of his thought. About this time he also acquired a peculiar notion he was personally responsible for all the property in the furnished place he was occupying... Coming from the President, whom we all knew so well, these were very funny things, and we could but surmise that something queer was happening in his mind. One thing was certain: he was never the same after this little spell of sickness."'

    Wilson got sick while negotiating the peace treaties of WWI. He almost completely changed his treaty terms right after he got ill, allowing the victors to economically crush Germany. One can see that because Germany was left so poor and desperate, a dictator could rise up and lead them into WWII. If accurate, it's amazing how one man's illness may have changed the course of world history. Perhaps that's what's happening with Putin too.

    Brain damage is brain damage, I guess. And bear in mind that COVID can can psychosis/suicide, [dailyiowan.com] too. Sadly, I think I'm witnessing this in a vaccinated friend who changed after being exposed.

    • Re: Damage is damage (Score:4, Interesting)

      by Fons_de_spons ( 1311177 ) on Tuesday May 03, 2022 @01:45PM (#62500048)
      Well... had to study this for my master in education. Our cognitive abilities are the first thing our brain throws out the window when things go bad. Wether it is stress, hunger, fatigue, disease or braindamage.
      This is something that is underestimated. So the guy in question may just have been severely exhausted.
      Personally I think this explains a lot of the irrationality regarding COVID vaccines. People are stressed out so much by daily life that they can no longer think clearly.
      • by gweihir ( 88907 )

        Probably. At least your claim makes a lot of sense to me. Personally, I work the other way round, but I have observed this effect countless times in others.

    • While the story is cool and I don't doubt it, the claim that:

      He almost completely changed his treaty terms right after he got ill, allowing the victors to economically crush Germany.

      is speculation, and not a realistic one.
      The US was not in a strong bargaining position regarding the sanctions against Germany, and the French wouldn't have given one shit what US opinion was.
      The governments in control of the 18 million troops of the non-US component of the Entente weren't terrible concerned about what the government of the 2 million US troops wanted.

      • by kackle ( 910159 )
        Interesting; I wonder why Wilson threatened to "just leave" before getting sick then, having a warship parked nearby. And why France was so upset, arguing with Wilson about the terms if France could have just done whatever it wanted. History is my weak spot; I'm just repeating what the book says.
        • If Wilson had just left, then the Big 4 would have turned into the Big 3, and they would have proceeded without him.

          The negotiations between the allies took as long as they did because both Britain and the US wanted to limit how badly France fucked Germany. Ultimately, in the end, France got their way more or less after intense negotiations. They bargained, because the US and Britain offered them things they wanted.

          Britain offered a mutual defense treaty with France in case Germany became powerful again
          • by kackle ( 910159 )
            I see.

            I found a link to the related information [history.com] if you're so inclined. I can't argue because I only know what I read in that book, echoed by this web page.
            • I read it, and it's a fascinating bit of history. And I have no reason to disagree with their postulate that he was in fact cognitively impacted severely by the flu, and that it did cause him to cave.

              I just don't think it's realistic to think he could have continued to prevent the French from getting their way forever. I think ultimately, he would have caved anyway. The US just wasn't in that strong of a position to dictate terms at the time.
  • dumb people getting even dumber. Just what society needs.
  • by groobly ( 6155920 ) on Tuesday May 03, 2022 @01:48PM (#62500068)

    Hmm... As far as I can tell, 20 years of aging improves thinking.

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      Wait a few more decades ;-)

      On the other hand, there is some truth to that. Until you really get into reduced brain function in old age, at least smart people learn to understand things better with more experience. The dumb do not profit though, they just stay dumb and get better at telling themselves they are the ones really in possession of the truth. That makes them dumber, obviously.

  • Remember, those in hospital with Covid are usually non-vaccinated and are usually careless in addition, so generally people that have reduced mental capabilities. If you see something that much more affects idiots, you could come to the wrong conclusion that it made them idiots.

    Not saying this is the case here, but has anybody looked at the paper and checked that they corrected for this effect?

  • Anti-vaxxers are not that bright to start with. 20+ years of cognitive decline puts them at the mental level of a baked potato.

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