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Earth Science

How the Fossil Fuel Industry is Pushing Plastics on the World (cnbc.com) 113

We're in the midst of an energy transition. Renewable power and electric vehicles are getting cheaper, the grid is getting greener, and oil and gas companies are getting nervous. That's why the fossil fuel giants are looking towards petrochemicals, and plastics in particular, as their next major growth market. From a report: "Plastics is the Plan B for the fossil fuel industry," said Judith Enck, Founder and President of the nonprofit advocacy group Beyond Plastics. Plastics, which are made from fossil fuels, are set to drive nearly half of oil demand growth by midcentury, according to the International Energy Agency. That outpaces even hard-to-decarbonize sectors like aviation and shipping.

"Every company who is currently engaged in producing plastic, if you look at their capital budgets for the next two to three years, they're all talking about expansion plans," said Ramesh Ramachandran, CEO of No Plastic Waste, an initiative from the Mindaroo Foundation that's working to create a market-based approach to a circular plastics economy. Yet much of the developed world is already awash in plastics. So fossil fuel and petrochemical companies are relying on emerging economies in Asia and Africa to drive growth. Alan Gelder of Wood Mackenzie forecasts that every year through 2050, there will be 10 million metric tons of growth in the market for petrochemicals, which are used to make plastics and other products. He says much of that will be shipped overseas.

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How the Fossil Fuel Industry is Pushing Plastics on the World

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  • by garyisabusyguy ( 732330 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @03:10PM (#62227809)

    Mr. Maguire: Plastics.

    It was unintentionally funny in 1967, and just hilarious today

    On another foot, Footprint Inc is making a mint on degradable containers, and even managed to purchase rights to the Phoenix Suns area (Footprint Center), where they will serve all concessions in biodegradable containers, because you don't need something that lasts millennia to serve a hotdog in

  • by lsllll ( 830002 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @03:12PM (#62227829)
    Bullshit. The price of crude is at the highest it's been since 1980. Oil companies don't get nervous because of renewable energy. They still have the rest of the world to tackle.
    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      by Immerman ( 2627577 )

      Sure they are. Crude is pricey today, but virtually all the major economies of the world (other than the US) are investing heavily in eliminating most of the usage. The inflection point is still years if not decades away - but it's all but but inevitable.

      And oil companies can see the writing on the wall, so they're pushing hard in any direction that will keep the money flowing, because it will almost certainly take years if not decades to establish those alternate markets.

      Hence all the push for a hydrogen

    • by Rhipf ( 525263 )

      Actually, crude prices were higher in ~2008-214 than they are now (in ~2008 they were even higher than in 1980 if you discount inflation).
      https://www.macrotrends.net/13... [macrotrends.net]

    • by fermion ( 181285 )
      In 1970 crude prices began escalating leading to gas shortages in the US. 1980 represented some of the highest prices matched only by the increase in prices after 9/11 where prices peaked, above the 1980 level, around 2010. High prices are not always great. The fall of prices in the late 1980s literal lead to oil executives jumping out thier office windows

      While the prices have been high, 2020 has seen some of the lowest prices on record. This combined with increasing high costs of extraction, such as sh

      • by Agripa ( 139780 )

        In 1970 crude prices began escalating leading to gas shortages in the US.

        The shortages were caused by Nixon implementing wage and price controls, leading to more inflation which causes increased prices or shortages or both. Politics is about ignoring economics.

    • by jbengt ( 874751 )

      Bullshit. The price of crude is at the highest it's been since 1980.

      You spelled 2014 wrong. [macrotrends.net]

    • by thomn8r ( 635504 )

      Bullshit. The price of crude is at the highest it's been since 1980. Oil companies don't get nervous because of renewable energy. They still have the rest of the world to tackle.

      I'll call your bullshit and raise you some facts. Crude was $160+ in the late 2000's. It's ~$88 today https://www.macrotrends.net/13... [macrotrends.net]

  • Do we "allow" developing nations to reach even 50% of our current per-capita consumption of non-renewables? Or shirk off reducing our consumption because they're just "making up for it" by increasing from a small fraction to a larger fraction of our present and past consumption?
  • by cats-paw ( 34890 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @03:17PM (#62227845) Homepage

    can't seem to buy food anymore without it being in a plastic container.
    this is a function of getting tomatoes from some other country. put them in a plastic container to keep them from getting damaged.

    so that's two strikes. i'm eating food from really far away (carbon to transport) and the transport is causing a proliferation of plastic containers.

    and you have no choice. the manufacturer uses more plastics, the stores don't care if they are buying more things in plastic, and now you have very little choice because they are all doing it.

    the endpoint of all this lazy, ridiculous, selling the planet for a buck is going to end very, very badly, and probably sooner than you think.

    • by PPH ( 736903 )

      can't seem to buy food anymore without it being in a plastic container. ...

      put them in a plastic container to keep them from getting damaged.

      There's some truth to this. But it's not a function that cardboard couldn't fulfill. If the oil industry wants to remind people of it's importance and the consequences of restricting oil exploration, all they have to do is to point out the looming fertilizer shortages. It won't matter what they wrap that food in if there's no food.

      • by Immerman ( 2627577 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @06:09PM (#62228445)

        >it's not a function that cardboard couldn't fulfill

        Yep. As proven by the fact that cardboard (and wax paper) *did* in fact fill those functions for ages before plastic came along to do the job cheaper.

        There's also plenty of other options for producing all that ammonia for fertilizers (and fuel - ammonia is one of the few truly viable options for "green fuel" that can be easily synthesized and transported). But again fossil fuels cornered the market because they could do the job cheaper. In the case of ammonia, mostly because by producing ammonia from hydrocarbons you don't need an external power source to provide all the energy being packed pack into the chemical bonds, you're just reconfiguring the already existing "fossilized energy" in the hydrocarbons.

        • Let's not gloss over the fact that environmentalists in the 80's pushed for replacing paper packaging with plastics. It was all about saving trees. It's why any "environmental" push needs to be taken with a grain of salt. Nearly everything that gets proposed by the big environmental groups has unintended consequences and they refuse to listen to anyone that bring it up. But several years later, those consequences become the next big environmental issue. There's far too much reaction as well as big mone

          • by vlad30 ( 44644 )
            Environmentalists and pretty much everyone else always think there is a magic bullet that will fix all the problems and it changes when they realise they made the problem worse. but the root cause overpopulation is rarely discussed as the fastest way to depopulate or controlling ones right to procreate is not very media friendly. Add that a large population is a large customer potential which large corporation doesn't want lots of customers
            • Have you ever noticed the strong inverse relation between economic development and population growth rates? The best way to reduce population growth is distasteful only to environmental activists who don't want to see industry and development.
            • by kackle ( 910159 )
              +(population size)
      • Dunno where you live (but suspect USA?) but I went shopping today and bought spring onions and capsicum by picking up the raw vegies from the stack and putting them in my (plastic, re-usable) bag. The spuds I bought were wrapped in plastic, yes. And the dips are in plastic containers. Though last week I bought carrots, cauliflower and cabbage raw, unwrapped, just plopped into my bag.

        But here, Western Australia, I can still buy basic fruit and vegies without using plastic, should I choose to (the spuds were

    • by Mspangler ( 770054 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @06:17PM (#62228467)

      Don't forget the billion odd hypodermic syringes used for the vaccines. Plastic.

      Way too many clothes. Polyester, a Plastic.

      N-95 masks? Polypropylene, a plastic.

      My canoe? Crosslinked polyethylene. Plastic.

      The lenses in my glasses? Polycarbonate, plastic. Glass is no longer considered safe enough.

      Plastic is useful.

      • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

        Things like lenses aren't really an issue, they last a long time so it's not like you are using them once and then discarding them.

        It's plastic packaging that is the real problem. If only we could invent transparent cardboard we could replace a lot of it, but people want to see what they are buying when it comes to produce.

    • Plastic for food isn't new. I grew up in the 1950s (and I'm still alive, last I looked). Tomatoes came in plastic back then, too. They were little trays that held three tomatoes, and covered in saran wrap or something similar. (And the tomatoes tasted awful, we grew our own whenever we could. Tomatoes in the store today are comparatively quite good, plastic wrapped or not.)

  • propaganda bullshit (Score:5, Interesting)

    by argStyopa ( 232550 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @03:20PM (#62227853) Journal

    Who is writing this nonsense? I'm *in* this industry (well, not precisely, but my business consumes semimanufactured plastics for our products). This is a hitpiece of the first order produced by the marketing arm of some competitive product or anti-industry group.

    From TFA: "So what is driving this, is just this glut of fracked gas and the fossil fuel industry teaming up with the chemical industry to just crank out more and more plastic."

    "Every company who is currently engaged in producing plastic, if you look at their capital budgets for the next two to three years, they're all talking about expansion plans"

    Yes, that's because DEMAND IS THROUGH THE FUCKING ROOF.
    This is not some insidious plan for petrochemical companies to compel Joe Consumer to use/buy plastic (Setting aside why: So some Snidely Whiplash character can deliberately pollute the world? Really?)

    Our plants (which use LDPE, HDPE as well as an array of films) are overbooked by 20% through all of 2022. New orders from customers today are being confirmed for probable delivery in Q1 2023.

    We cannot GET the plastics we need for our products, and are on allocation from producers. Order 18 containers for a week's manufacturing...we get 3-5. Does that sound like the behavior of an industry trying to push their products on people?

    For what it's worth, my company saw the handwriting on the wall. We've been pushing alternatives to our plastic products, AT LOWER MARGINS to us because our management team actually takes environmental stewardship seriously, for more than a decade. And our customers DON'T WANT THEM (mostly).
    They don't perform as well as plastics on the shelf, nor (especially) in extreme environments or over time.
    They're not as pretty as plastic (for consumer products).
    They're more expensive (despite us aiming for lower margins on them generally).

    I'm a little sick of pablum designed to advance an agenda being consumed by idiot journalists who then widely promulgate this stuff as if it's fact. Do the slightest bit of source checking or critical analysis before you write.

    • Externalities (Score:3, Insightful)

      by Atmchicago ( 555403 )

      Thank you for your perspective. But, given how awful plastics are for the environment, demand for plastics must be balanced against the externalities. Plastics are so cheap, and so effective, that market forces alone can't stop us from using them. Since you take environmental stewardship seriously (again, thank you), you should agree to help us all reduce plastic usage, for example through a combination of strict regulation and taxation.

      • ... demand for plastics must be balanced against the externalities.

        The term "externalities" implies market failure, where the mechanism of supply and demand fails to account for costs that are incurred outside of the trading interaction. Plastics are cheap, and in demand, partly because their full cost is not built in to the selling price. We don't get our cheap plastics for free. We end up paying for waste disposal, usually through taxes. If we don't pay for waste disposal, we end up living in a stinking rubbish heap.

    • In response to the article, I was going to write this:

      Companies try to sell their products. News at 11.

      But your response is a lot better. Never mind the trolls that have responded to you, like garyisabusyguy.

    • When I was at school, many years ago, I learned that oil is a valuable resource for all sorts of chemical manufacturing, including plastics. It struck me then that it was a terrible waste to just burn the stuff. It was like burning wood to provide heating, instead of using the wood to make houses, furniture, guitars, and other useful things that make use of the special properties of wood.

      From the economics point of view, I don't see how the fossil fuel industry could make the rest of the economy consume mor

    • And if anyone doubts that this article is nothing more than a political propaganda, look at who they chose to get quotes from. This is a business news network's piece on an industry's future, yet they spoke to only ONE market analyst and THREE political activists. The one person discussing the economics of the matter got one line, the partisans got many, many more.

      This is not journalism, it is propaganda.

  • by Somervillain ( 4719341 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @03:26PM (#62227887)
    No one needs to push plastics. Plastic is awesome. It sells itself. That's like saying Ben & Jerry's is "pushing" ice cream...they don't have to work too hard to convince you to eat it. Similarly, you don't really have to work too hard to convince people to use plastic. The 3D printing revolution has shown many people that plastic is highly underappreciated an much more useful than we ever imagined.

    The important thing is to push plastic for what it's good for. For example LEGOs. THE LAST FUCKING THING THE WORLD NEEDS IS BIODEGRADABLE LEGOS (something the LEGO corp is proud to work on). The reason I pay more for LEGO sets vs the MUCH cheaper knockoffs is because they're high quality and will hold up to my kids and even my grandkids. My nephews are playing with my LEGOs from the 80s. They don't pile up in landfills. The durability of plastic is a feature, not a bug, when applied intelligently.

    In contrast...well, nearly all disposable packaging would be better if not in conventional plastic. Selling lettuce in thing plastic shells is probably not a great idea. Maybe we should use less straws or find better materials to make them out of. There are sensible ways to tackle the problems with them.

    Plastic is one of the greatest inventions in human history. It's one of the few materials you can make outdoor items out of or hold water in that's not super heavy and super fragile. It's essential for everything we carry, every piece of electronics. Even for things like reusable water bottles. I go for the expensive stainless or glass bottles...the plastic ones are just far better: cheaper, lighter, more durable. No material matches it.

    There's a huge demand and it's only growing. These oil companies don't need to "push" it. It sells itself.
    • by shadowrat ( 1069614 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @03:32PM (#62227917)
      It was the best of materials. It was the worst of materials...
    • They aren't good for health, they continually leach plasticizers and crosslinkers into peoples food and bodies. Because of they way they burn they need to be treated with toxic fire retardants. I would happily settle for glass container for foods and natural fiber in clothes for the tiny inconvenience.
      • They aren't good for health, they continually leach plasticizers and crosslinkers into peoples food and bodies. Because of they way they burn they need to be treated with toxic fire retardants. I would happily settle for glass container for foods and natural fiber in clothes for the tiny inconvenience.

        Plastic is like anything ubiquitous in life: it's complex. When done right, it's beneficial for the health and the environment. When done wrong, it's harmful.

        For example, you wouldn't want a metal car seat. You'd have more fatalities in babies unless those things are SUPER heavy duty and then the fatalities would just come from kids getting crushed by them or parents dropping a 50lb car seat.

        Is it overused? absolutely!!! However, we should appreciate it's strengths and weaknesses. It's great fo

    • That's like saying Ben & Jerry's is "pushing" ice cream...they don't have to work too hard to convince you to eat it.

      I don't eat ice cream. I want my cake.

      People selling processed food etc should make their packaging either sexy enough to be reusable or as biodegradable as bond paper (I was quite surprised when I first read that some supposedly eco-friendly plastics will only degrade at certain temperature and humidity combinations).

    • Well yes and no (Score:5, Interesting)

      by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @04:16PM (#62228063)
      John Oliver has a pretty good video on YouTube regarding plastics that covers a lot of this. It isn't a simple as somebody just selling a product. There's real effort put in place not just to prevent alternatives or competitors but to encourage a kind of disposable culture (I realized that sounds pretentious as f*** I don't know what else to call it).

      I'm old enough to remember the opening to Laverne and Shirley and how they worked in a class bottling factory. As a consumer if I want reusable packaging I don't really have a lot of options. As an American I don't even get milk in bags let alone reusable packaging. And recycling is a joke, often costing more in terms of environmental impact then just producing new.

      But go watch that John Oliver video. The one thing you'll see crop up again and again is the inevitability of plastic and of disposable containers. The other theme you'll see is the idea that only individuals can have any effect and that systemic change is forbidden to even talk about (again I know I'm triggering people with this phrase but I don't know another one to use that'll make people feel better about it).
      • I thought one of the problems with reusable packaging like glass was some of its hidden or at least opaque costs. Glass is heavy, making it expensive to distribute -- more carbon from delivery vehicles. It has to make a two-way trip, going back to the factory (more energy) and then get processed/cleaned (more energy, water, soap, etc).

        Now I get that these were externalities that the vendor had to absorb to re-use the container, so they now can wash their hands of it once they deliver it (using smaller, li

        • I just wish there was some coordinated way to establish reusable container standards so that the costs of container reuse were distributed better or least felt less burdensome to producers.

          Try only a limited number of containers styles made from a limited number of highly recyclable or degradable plastics. Fuck cost and marketing doubly so, we are gonna be buried alive in this shit if we don't act soon. The local recycler has about twenty things they accept and a dozen they don't, lowering the use of garbage grade plastics would be a good start.

          • Yeah, it's a real tragedy of the commons thing because everyone is trying to shed the cost of externalities.

            I think you only fix the packaging waste problem through imposed legislation -- mandating reusable or recyclable containers so that its at least a universal requirement and no one can gain advantage by using cheaper containers of disposable materials. Deposits or other cash incentives/costs to get consumers to actually return the containers. Maybe some kind of incentives to get packagers to collabor

      • by jbengt ( 874751 )

        I'm old enough to remember the opening to Laverne and Shirley and how they worked in a class bottling factory.

        I'm old enough to have worked in a bottling plant that still filled recycled glass bottles. They mostly used plastic milk jugs, but also sold some brands using glass milk bottles. It was a pain in the ass receiving, handling, washing, and filling the glass bottles. I'm sure it was much cheaper for them to buy and fill one-use throw-away plastic bottles.

    • by Rhipf ( 525263 )

      I go for the expensive stainless or glass bottles...the plastic ones are just far better: cheaper, lighter, more durable. No material matches it.

      If your stainless (steel I assume) and glass bottles aren't as durable as plastic you are doing something wrong (REALLY wrong). A stainless steel container should last infinitely longer than a plastic bottle and even a glass bottle is more durable if you take a bit of care in its handling. About the only benefit (of those criteria you listed) that plastic is better at is weight*.

      * I guess you could argue price but if something is more expensive but last longer is it really more expensive?

      • by jbengt ( 874751 )

        I guess you could argue price but if something is more expensive but last longer is it really more expensive?

        For a food processing or bottling plant, it is definitely more expensive to receive, handle, wash, and reuse heavy, long-lasting containers than it is to use light-weight throwaway plastic containers.

      • I go for the expensive stainless or glass bottles...the plastic ones are just far better: cheaper, lighter, more durable. No material matches it.

        If your stainless (steel I assume) and glass bottles aren't as durable as plastic you are doing something wrong (REALLY wrong). A stainless steel container should last infinitely longer than a plastic bottle and even a glass bottle is more durable if you take a bit of care in its handling. About the only benefit (of those criteria you listed) that plastic is better at is weight*.

        * I guess you could argue price but if something is more expensive but last longer is it really more expensive?

        It's simple. Drop an empty stainless steel bottle from your desk and it will dent...looks like crap after you do it enough time or have kids. I have lots of Takeya bottles. They make awesome insulated stainless ones as well as cheap Tritan ones. The paint is coming off all my steel ones. They all have dents. My tritan ones can be run through the dishwasher and are slightly scuffed, but look pretty good. I drop them all the time and just don't care.

        That's a reason why plastic is a miracle material

  • Plastics are awesome but mismanagement of waste (it's not the US or EU dumping plastic in oceans and rivers...) is the problem and the solution is recycling.

    Biodegradable materials are fine where appropriate but the permanence of plastic is why it's so widely used.

    • >>Plastics are awesome but mismanagement of waste (it's not the US or EU dumping plastic in oceans and rivers...) is the problem and the solution is recycling.

      Interestingly enough US plastic-based waste is sent to SE Asia where it finally ends up in the ocean [nytimes.com]

    • by Rhipf ( 525263 )

      The solution may be recycling but the problem is cheap new plastics.

    • Most of the recycling is just loaded onto ships and sent to Asia for "recycling" where its just dumped into landfills. What else is expected when you are putting paper, plastic, glass and metal into the same can. The sorting costs are way too high. The only way to do recycling which works is the "Kabadi" system which is done in India. Stuff is sorted out and sold separately at the household level. The household never mixes the stuff up so there is no sorting cost. People actually get paid for their trash so
  • I think Plan B is to fool the world into trying hydrogen-powered vehicles, this terrible zombie idea keeps coming back because the fossil fuel industry keeps hitting it with a cash defibrillator:

    https://braveneweurope.com/des... [braveneweurope.com]

    • by sapgau ( 413511 )
      That might be a heck of a sell since Hydrogen is so cumbersome/costly to store and transport. Why should my car lose more than half of it's trunk space if I can instead get an EV that actually improves the carrying space.
  • Hydro-carbons are a wonderful useful chemical, we can do a lot with them, building materials, lubricants, even food additives. It is so useful, that I see burning them to generate energy is a real waste of the the resource, especially now as we have alternatives that are proven to work very well, often much better than the old ways.

    There is going to be a lot of plastic in your new EV, it is light weight, so you get a better range, it can handle impact stresses much better, easy to form and mold to keep cost

  • by AndyKron ( 937105 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @04:12PM (#62228055)
    We're in the midst of an energy transition? Where? Fossil fuel use is increasing. FTA.
  • Look, the thing is, we never needed plastics.

    Back in the day we had lunch in a brown paper bag, wrapped in wax paper (beeswax if you must know), and we kept food fresh without plastics.

    We can even make organic plastic replacements like water squeezes (think the London Games and the marathon), seat covers (which were originally not plastics), and so on.

    Just stop using them. If something comes in plastic, take it off, toss it at the vendor, and say "Not in my house!"

    • by sapgau ( 413511 )
      But in Healthcare plastics are everything in the 2020s. To have sterile materials and supplies on hand at a moments notice has become invaluable.
      • I think disposables are a reasonable tradeoff for healthcare, but for the majority of consumer products completely unnecessary.
        • Now, on the other hand, I have plastic coffee travel mugs that I bought in the 1990s and 2000 (it was when I had dot com dollars), which have lasted for 22 years or more (and a coffee grinder from the early 1980s from my military days).

          Those are good plastics. They saved me composting tens of thousands of cups, and harvesting trees to make them.

          But they are NOT single use plastics.

          And we could make them from organic resins, actually

      • Actually, we tend to use cloth. Or organic fibers that dissolve.

        Plastics are a dead end, for the most part.

        You'll see. They're testing them out right now.

    • Look, the thing is, we never needed plastics.

      Back in the day we had lunch in a brown paper bag, wrapped in wax paper (beeswax if you must know), and we kept food fresh without plastics.

      We can even make organic plastic replacements like water squeezes (think the London Games and the marathon), seat covers (which were originally not plastics), and so on.

      Just stop using them. If something comes in plastic, take it off, toss it at the vendor, and say "Not in my house!"

      Bumping it back up due to industry shills d

    • I used to buy whatever I wanted, whether it was loose fruit and veg, butcher's meat wrapped in whatever that is they wrap it in, refillable things, whatever. It wasn't a lifestyle choice I was just buying what seemed good. But over time I missed many days of work from whatever managed to infect these paper wrapped, bio-degradable, sustainable products. These days I'm ultra-paranoid about everything being air tight and plastic wrapped and it seems to be working out fantastically. But more and more products i
  • Old News (Score:5, Informative)

    by sdinfoserv ( 1793266 ) on Tuesday February 01, 2022 @05:28PM (#62228327)
    Recycling is scam. Since the Chinese no longer buy US garbage, there no market for recycling and most ends up in the land fill. The oil industry created "recycling" of plastics back in the 1970 as a PR scheme to make consumers more comfortable with using "throw away" items. Fact: only some plastics can be recycled, and those that can be recycled only once or twice before they break down and are no longer useful. That's a function of the chemical chains and reacting to the head applied during processing. Also notice the plastic resin identification code is confusing similar to the recycling stamp .
    Here the NRP article from 2020 about how the oil industry lied to the pubic:
    https://www.npr.org/2020/09/11... [npr.org]
  • Always read these and don't understand why these corporations are never thinking of the future. When you know that the product you are selling is finite, why don't you have a team working on what's next that can be invested early to prepare for what is coming? If I were these oil companies, I would have invested in renewables and worked towards migrating towards that industry and becoming the leader in the industry. But no, having the latest Rolls or Rolex is more important.
    • EVs will need massive amount of mining for battery metals where the mining industry will need the exploration experience of oil explorers. The battery packs and composite body parts will need plastic for manufacturing as weight reduction is more important in EVs. The charging stations will need the real estate currently occupied by gas stations. the electric grid will need Natural Gas plants to deal with the excess electricity demand from EVs.
    • They are, but you won't find that out if you're only exposed to propaganda like this. And yes, it is propaganda. They spoke to nobody in the industry but found three anti-industry political activists to get quotes from.
  • Plastics by reducing spoilage of food have done more to fight malnutrition and famines than anything else. A first world standard of living is only possible due to plastics.
    • I wholeheartedly agree. I live in a first world country and some of the worst illnesses I've had have been the result of eating from non-supermarket chains. When food is wrapped in plastic in a factory it's less likely to be contaminated than the grocer or butcher or fishmonger that has cut corners on hygiene to meet quota or deal with the rush. I will resist the removal of plastic from food for the sake of my immediate health. I'd rather die slowly from whatever problems I'm (allegedly) accumulating from m
  • O&G NEEDS multiple pathways out of O&G being used as fuel.
    Chemical substrates for reactions is WHY O&G is referred to as Black Gold. It is far far more valuable on this than as fuel.
    In addition, if the far lefties will quit with their garbage, then clean energy subsidies will be extended to geothermal (and yes, nuclear).

    WIth that said, we also need to recycle much more of the plastics, but also need to change how O&Gs fertilizer/pesticide is applied to land/plants.
    We need to go from s

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