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Medicine News Science

Homeopathy Doesn't Work. So Why Do So Many Germans Believe in It? (bloomberg.com) 221

How Natalie Grams, who once abandoned her medical education to study alternative therapies, became Germany's most prominent homeopathy skeptic. From a report: The pseudoscience of homeopathy was invented in Germany in the 18th century by a maverick physician named Samuel Hahnemann. His theory was based on the ancient principle of like cures like -- akin to the mechanism behind vaccines. The remedies Hahnemann developed, meant to help the body heal on its own, originate as substances that with excess exposure (like pollen) can make a patient ill (in this case, with hay fever) -- or kill them: Arsenic is used as a treatment for digestive problems, and the poisonous plant belladonna is meant to counteract pain and swelling. These substances are diluted -- again and again -- and shaken vigorously in a process called "potentization" or "dynamization." The resultant remedies typically contain a billionth, trillionth, orâ...âwellâ...âa zillionth (10 to the minus 60th, if you're counting) of the original substance.

Today, homeopathy is practiced worldwide, particularly in Britain, India, the U.S. -- where there's a monument to Hahnemann on a traffic circle six blocks north of the White House -- and, especially, Germany. Practitioners, however, differ greatly in their approach. Some only prescribe remedies cataloged in homeopathic reference books. Others take a more metaphoric bent, offering treatments that contain a fragment of the Berlin Wall to cure feelings of exclusion and loneliness or a powder exposed to cellphone signals as protection from radiation emitted by mobile handsets. Grams, the daughter of a chemist, first turned to homeopathy in 2002. While she was attending medical school to become a surgeon, a highway accident left her car in the ditch with the windshield shattered. Grams walked away unhurt, but she soon began to suffer from heart palpitations, panic attacks, and fainting spells that doctors couldn't explain. Her roommate suggested she visit a heilpraktiker, a type of German naturopath that offers alternative therapies ranging from acupuncture and massage to reiki and homeopathy.

Homeopaths typically spend a lot of time with patients, asking not just about symptoms but also about emotions, work, and relationships. This is all meant to find the root cause of a patient's suffering and is part of its appeal. The heilpraktiker asked Grams about her feelings and the accident, things she hadnâ(TM)t spoken about with her doctors -- or anyone -- thinking they weren't important in understanding what was wrong. The heilpraktiker prescribed her belladonna globules and recommended she visit a trauma therapist. Steadily, her symptoms fell away. She was healed. Soon after, Grams dropped the idea of becoming a surgeon, opting for a future as a general practitioner while taking night courses in alternative therapies. After completing her medical degree, she began a five-year residency to qualify as a GP. But three years in, Grams abandoned conventional medicine and began an apprenticeship with a homeopath near Heidelberg.

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Homeopathy Doesn't Work. So Why Do So Many Germans Believe in It?

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  • by The Faywood Assassin ( 542375 ) <benyjr AT yahoo DOT ca> on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @04:14PM (#61907437) Homepage

    I'm not a doctor but it seems to me the trauma therapist is who did the actual healing, not the bella donna concoction.

    The fact that she wasn't referred to a therapist at all for the panic attacks is troubling.

    • by Holi ( 250190 )
      I came here to say pretty much the same thing.
    • by IdanceNmyCar ( 7335658 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @04:27PM (#61907497)

      Therapists in general are still seen a bit as insult, for lack of a word. People desire psychological ills because it suggests they aren't in control. Mention an issue is psychosomatic and people become defensive. If the healthcare system at all relies on patient satisfaction, we quickly see how this becomes a problem.

      I am not a doctor. I have diagnosed sever psychological issues in my family based on their medical history before any GP ever noticed. I live in China now. I commonly see very severe psychosomatic issues affecting a range of individuals, more so than I ever noticed in America. The reality of getting people appropriate and respected psychological care is by no means an easy issue... and I say this as a person who has personally intersected with this sphere of medicine a few times.

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      by fermion ( 181285 )
      There is something to be said about spending 5 minutes to insure that the patient is generally healthy then prescribing speed or dope or opioids. This is what many patients want. Some patients just want insulin so they can still enjoy cake and fried food instead of losing weight and eating healthy to control diabetes.

      Certainly for some situations, like cancer or advanced heart disease, radical therapy is usually he only reasonable intervention. However, situations like feeling sad once a week, such as w

    • by BeerFartMoron ( 624900 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @04:35PM (#61907533)

      TFS doesn't give the spoilers. As a newly minted "alternative therapies" believer she "did research" and "wanted to use everything she could find to defend homeopathy". However, she was eventually convinced by science, and "abandoned her practice" as "prescribing remedies she no longer believed were efficacious had become an ethical strain".

      "In May 2019 a reporter from a German newspaper asked her, point blank, if homeopathic remedies work. Grams’s response: 'Not beyond the placebo effect.'"

      • "In May 2019 a reporter from a German newspaper asked her, point blank, if homeopathic remedies work. Grams’s response: 'Not beyond the placebo effect.'"

        Interesting. The thing that many came here to say was already said. I may just have to read TFA after all, after I take my pills.

      • by UnknownSoldier ( 67820 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @10:45PM (#61908721)

        The real interesting question is: Why does the Placebo Effect even work at all? By all accounts it shouldn't even exist. So why does mind over matter sometimes work?

        New Scientist had this very wierd [slashdot.org] example:

        Don't try this at home. Several times a day, for several days, you induce pain in someone. You control the pain with morphine until the final day of the experiment, when you replace the morphine with saline solution. Guess what? The saline takes the pain away.

        This is the placebo effect: somehow, sometimes, a whole lot of nothing can be very powerful. Except it's not quite nothing. When Fabrizio Benedetti of the University of Turin in Italy carried out the above experiment, he added a final twist by adding naloxone, a drug that blocks the effects of morphine, to the saline. The shocking result? The pain-relieving power of saline solution disappeared.

    • by Brain-Fu ( 1274756 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @04:39PM (#61907551) Homepage Journal

      Yes, that seems obvious to us now, but clearly it wasn't so obvious to her at the time. I read the full article and found it very interesting. She not only worked as an alternative medicine provider, but tried to write a book defending homeopathy, and all the research she did for that book is what ultimately convinced her it was bunk. So, what an awesome narrative about a misguided soul who got educated, learned the truth, and started advocating for it, right!

      She could have dug in her heels, as did the homeopathic manufacturer who tried to use legal threats to silence her after she started speaking out. But she showed real courage and moral backbone.

      Unfortunately, she can't work in the field anymore. She can't bring herself to prescribe remedies she knows don't work, and no actual clinics will take her to let her finish her medical residency. I wish this story had a happier ending, given that she saw the light. But seeing the light ended her career and forced her into a different one that she doesn't like as much.

    • "I'm not a doctor but it seems to me the trauma therapist is who did the actual healing, not the bella donna concoction."

      Only if the Trauma therapist employed CBP which is pretty much the only strategy in the psychology world that actually cures anything. The rest are focused on perpetual treatment of conditions after planting enough suggests to convince you of the diagnosis.

      Ironically (or perhaps not given the recommendation) CBP often involves exposure and confrontation to desensitize you to whatever you
    • I'm not a doctor
      That's good.

      but it seems to me the trauma therapist is who did the actual healing
      Nope. The therapist does not heal you. He therapies you. You heal yourself.

      As far as I understand "trauma" that are blunt injuries, like a broken leg, or a bruise.

      Bella Donna is not used for treatments like that. It is used either as pain relieve, then the above would roughly fit, or for treating inflammations, or open wounds - aka areas prone to a possible inflammation.

      Here is the english wiki article:
      https:// [wikipedia.org]

  • by Presence Eternal ( 56763 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @04:15PM (#61907439)

    The less evidence there is for it working, the better it works.

    • The less evidence there is for it working, the better it works.

      Now you've proven how it works and messed it up for everyone

  • Germany is no exception. Intelligence is on a bell curve. The modern world is complex and frightening, and homeopathy is simple and soothing, like religion. Of course it has followers.

  • when you clap your hands and say "I Believe, I Believe"

    With multiple, different "Homeopathic Tinctures", there are many options to have faith in, and always some other "solutions".

  • by nealric ( 3647765 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @04:24PM (#61907479)

    This quote says it all (or most of it):

    "Homeopaths typically spend a lot of time with patients, asking not just about symptoms but also about emotions, work, and relationships."

    When you deal with an ordinary physician, the experience tends to be: "Hi, take these pills, have a nice day!" You are lucky to get 10 whole minutes with a doctor. Especially when dealing with ailments that are mostly psychosomatic (like the car accident trauma that was described), a listening ear and a placebo can be a pretty attractive treatment plan for a lot of folks. It's also an attractive alternative for ailments like chronic back pain where established medical practice doesn't have much to offer. You may not actually get better, but at least you will get some empathy out of the deal.

    • +1 Insightful. If they spend an hour doing medical intake and writing it down in a style digestible by the allopathic medical establishment, the patient could take it to multiple doctors, find one that's willing to read/believe/confirm/act on it, and move the treatment further along and faster. Just doing that much is probably filling a pretty large gap between the layperson with a tummyache, and someone who sacrificed a decade of their life to treat them with modern medicine.
    • by djgl ( 6202552 )

      I'd say it depends on the physician. When I lived in a small city (in Germany), my physician took so much time chatting with me that I felt bad for the people in his waiting room. But there were rarely more than two.

      I think a part of the issue is also that it is very uncommon in Germany to go to a psychiatrist. Extremely uncommon. People go there if they have suicidal thoughts or if they need the sessions to get HRT, but other than that I can't think of a reason. Psychiatrists are nicknamed Seelenklempner h

    • by cowdung ( 702933 )

      When you deal with an ordinary physician, the experience tends to be: "Hi, take these pills, have a nice day!" You are lucky to get 10 whole minutes with a doctor.

      I think the experience you describe is true in the USA.

      But there are plenty of other countries in the world.

      I went to a cardiologist in South America a couple of weeks ago. He spent over an hour with me doing tests, talking and giving me advice and recommendations.

      I'm pretty sure it would have been 10 minutes under the US HMO system. But fortunately, most of the world doesn't have that broken system. (though often they have less access to cutting edge treatments)

  • nothing surprising (Score:3, Insightful)

    by bloodhawk ( 813939 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @04:25PM (#61907481)
    you could throw in anti vaxxers, conspiracy nutters and probably most religious nutters too. People are generally stupid and will choose to believe in magic, unicorns and the spaghetti monster over cold hard facts. Many find education and science just too scary for them.
  • The brain wants to believe. The brain wants a quick feel good hit. The brain doesn't want to consider facts, weigh evidence. They just want to be told "this works, you'll be good".

    A person who says to a cancer patient "I'm your friend, I care about you. Jim, those doctors don't care about you. We'll take care of you and 100% cure you. This happened because given zinc-deficient food at work. That, and cell phone radiation caused an alkaline imbalance and zinc deficiency. Don't worry though .. we can reverse

  • You answered your own question.

    Roentgen, another German, invented X-rays and the Germans x-rayed the feet of their children to see if the shoes fit until the early seventies, giving the shoe-salespeople cancer.

  • by gurps_npc ( 621217 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @05:14PM (#61907693) Homepage

    When we were proto-humanoids, we developed the key ability of intelligence - the ability to see two proximate events and decide one was cause and the other is effect, all without any real evidence.

    Do X, get Y, which leads to Z, doesn't matter why. To the modern mind, this is called magic, because you do not know the why.

    This was key to survival against creatures without the ability to make these kinds of predictions.

    Later we realized that understanding why let you do a lot more. We could then predict how to get Z2, Z3, or get Z without X or Y. This understanding of why we called education, which led to the results called science.

    But not everyone gets a solid education. Leave the people ignorant and you get the base human behavior that believes in Magic. Worse, sciences dismiss and treat things things as 'stupid', which offends those that are NOT stupid, just ignorant (because the government failed to educate them).

    So the ignorant get angry at Science and fight being educated.

    • by jm007 ( 746228 )

      well put

      we can't know everything so out lil monkey brain has to fill in gaps the best way it can; maybe not perfect, but far better than 100% guesswork, from a survival perspective

      I would wager that our lizard-monkey brain is what really has hands on the tiller most of time anyway; it's our pride at being so 'modern and civilized' that keeps us from acknowledging it and even worse, utilizing it

  • by SuperKendall ( 25149 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @05:32PM (#61907807)

    I find it humorous to see so many people dumping on Germany having homeopathic solutions when you can find chiropractors everywhere in the west.

    Homeopathy is at least a placebo, it generally can't actively screw up your body physically even if done wrong.

    • Homeopathy is at least a placebo, it generally can't actively screw up your body physically even if done wrong.

      It can screw up your body physically if you turn down effective treatments in favour of homeopathy. I believe Steve Jobs died from pancreatic cancer as a result of that.

  • I think accusing homeopathy of being nothing more than a placebo misses the point.
    Yes, it's a placebo, and a placebo is known to work. Unless, of course, the patient knows that his cure is, in fact, a placebo.
    So how about considering homeopathy as a perfect disguise - nothing more, but also nothing less?
    Under this optic, those who push so hard for unmasking homeopathy are in fact destroying a working cure...

    • The problem is that for many illnesses, medical treatment is much more effective than a placebo. So when people take homeopathy instead of medical treatment, the choice does them a lot of harm.

      Unfortunately there's only one method to stop that from happening, which is to show them the inferiority of homeopathy - but that method destroys the placebo effect.

  • by Qbertino ( 265505 ) <moiraNO@SPAMmodparlor.com> on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @05:51PM (#61907913)

    Homeopathy and other pseudoscience/esotheric stuff actually works pretty well within certain boundaries. It can even offset notable disadvantages or shortcomings of true science healthcare on a large scale.

    Here's why Homeopathy in Germany (and elsewhere) actually has positive effects:

    In Germany anybody doing any type of non-scientific healing need a basic medical training to become a licensed healing-practitioner. The training isn't trivial, but doable (2 years I think it was). The main reason for it is to train anybody doing healing-magic so that they recognize serious illnesses and send their patient off to a real doctor if that happens. This has multiple positive effects:

    1.) Hypochondriacs can go to someone who is basically paid to listen to their story and their worries, taking a bit of burden off real doctors for more serious healthcare.

    2.) Unlike regular doctors in Germany who interrupt their patients after 90 seconds on average and are focused on throughput and thus are notably prone to miss-diagnosis - like many doctors around the world - homeopaths and other healers are paid directly to listen. The side-effect being that it is not uncommon for Homeopaths with a German practitioners license to come up with a real diagnosis for which the regular doctor had no time after jumping to conclusion #1 and sticking with it.

    Point in case: 20 years or so back I had chest pain and thought it was my heart. It came with some coughing. The physician sold me on a heart-lung condition after roughly 3 minutes and came up with some regular medication for that, It seemed haphazard to me. So I talked to a homeopath who was recommended to me by a "true believer". He interviewed me on the phone for 30 minutes. His conclusion: It's not a heart thing, the pain is your esophagus. You have reflux, and the night-coughs are from acid spilling over into your airpipe. I'll send you my [magic potion], take two drops every third hour while the moon is only hald full bladibla [fill in esotheric bullsh*t here]. ... I didn't even listen and threw the potion in the bin when it arrived.

    However, his assessment about the condition was spot on. I changed my diet, took some soda salt and healing-earth for a week or so and it went away.

    The medicalcdoctor had given me medication that was wrong and could have easily done damage. The homeopath listen to me, did a correct diagnose and at least didn't send me anything that had the potential to screw up my health.

    3.) Most doctors quickly subscribe one of five usual suspects in medication. Anti-biotics are prescribed way more than necessarily and way to carelessly. Cortisone is very often prescribed in a manner that does more damage than good and the vast majority of doctors don't know the fundamentals of a correct and/or useful cortisone therapy and when and where it makes sense and where it definitely doesn't make sense. There are many cases where magic homeopathic sugar-beeds are the way better option because they don't do any damage, the patient recedes to normal and don't have to deal with side-effects of a wrong and/or overdosed treatment with full-caliber last-ditch-effort medicine that is questionable in 80% of cases.

    4.) Operations bring in big cash for hospitals and surgeon-teams. Hence they are done way to often in Germany. This is a real problem and quite well know. Mr. Magic Sugar-beads is the better option than that for anynone who doesn't put in the effort to do some own research and/or doesn't have the guts to tell an over-eager team of surgeons wanting to score their next five digits in a superfluos and likely damaging operation to go and f*ck themselves.

    Back when I did martial arts I saw a comrades wrist going from "a little off with some pain sometimes" to totally stiff and disfunctional over the course of 3 surgeries. He had to permanently wear a splint after the last. There are doctors around who need their license revoked ASAP and a serious beating right afterwards, and not just in Germany. Medical is

  • I live in Germany and my general practitioner actually prescribed a homeopathic remedy once without informing me that it was. I could have filled the prescription at my regular pharmacy and taken the damn thing without even knowing. Often, a doctor's office will cover both scientific medicine and pseudoscientific approaches under the same roof, by the same doctor(s).

    Really, the line between scientific medicine and magical treatments is often quite blurry over here. It's scary. And the government allowing it

  • by schweini ( 607711 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @06:25PM (#61908053)
    I had an interesting discussion with my brother-in-law, who is a rural doctor in Germany, about this:
    In Germany, health insurance even pays for homeopathic treatments, which I think is completely ridiculous.
    He defended this, and himself "prescribing" homepathic BS because it works. Not in the medical or chemical sense, of course. But the placebo effect is real, especially for the unidentifiable little ailments the aging population has, which also suffers from abandonement and solitude.
    So, what is he supposed to do? Tell them that he can't do anything? Give them Aspirin or another magic pill as a placebo?
    He chooses to give them sugar pills - the placebo effect os stronger, there are definitely no adverse effects, and the patients "feel" understood and better and in control of their ailments, leading to better quality-of-life.
    A long berating and explication of biochemistry wouldn't have that effect.
    I really understand his point - even though it opens a whole philosophical can of worms.
  • by Opportunist ( 166417 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @06:39PM (#61908091)

    I now do Pizzapathy. When I have a headache, I eat a pizza tonno. And 2-20 hours later, the headache is gone, as if it never existed. Sometimes, though, the headaches get worse after eating the pizza. That's how I know that the pizza is actually working. That's the so-called "initial worsening". But usually after another pizza and a bit of rest, the headaches vanish.

    But you can't just eat a pizza tonno, what pizza works for you depends on what pizza type you are. For a friend of mine, cardinale is the weapon of choice when it comes to fighting headaches. Best you first make a pizza type consultation to have an expert in Pizzapathy tell you which pizza is the best for you. It's not really cheap, though, and you may have to try a lot of pizzas before you find your type, but there's no way around it, unfortunately.

    The pizzas are from a German company called "Dr. Oetker". As you can see in the name, it was developed by a doctor, so it's a sensible medical product. Still, insurances don't pay for therapeuthic pizzas due to a conspiracy by the pharma lobby who knows exactly that nobody would swallow their expensive pills anymore if people knew that all they have to do is eat some tasty pizzas to cure their ailments.

    Another problem that comes along with this is that sometimes, when the pizzas don't work, it's usually due to sloppy handling by the stores who may have packed them close to chinese food (pizza has a memory, you see, and it is slighty racist, I fear. Or maybe just doesn't like the competition, I don't know, I'm not really a pizza expert, more still a student of pizzalology). It is about time we start lobbying that these important cures for critical human diseases get treated with the respect they deserve and don't get thrown about by workers who do not understand their role in the health system. It is time that therapeutic pizzas may only be sold by certified Pizzapathy experts.

    And don't tell me that's all just placebo effect and imagination. HE WHO CURES IS RIGHT!

    • That is what real empirical testing does for you instead of relying on the hearsay of ideological pizzaskeptics.

  • Yes, that is in the subject.

    Perhaps you should for funk sake grasp that "homeopathy" is an umbrella term.

    There are thousands of medicines that are not "diluted till there is no atom in it anymore".

    E.g. the Arnika salve I use after sports injuries contains 27% arnica extract. And: it is a homeopathic medicine: it might shatter your Weltbild, but it s the best treatment for trauma / blunt force injuries.

    Stupid idiots on the internet, what the funk do you care about Germany anyway? Switzerland is the Fortress

  • by chx496 ( 6973044 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @06:54PM (#61908155)

    I'm from Germany and there are a multitude of reasons why homeopathy is so popular.

    First of all, most people don't actually know what it is. They think of it as being some kind of alternative to traditional medicine that has some legitimacy, and many people equate homeopathy with "natural" or "herbal" products (which are definitely not the same).

    Another huge issue is that the legitimacy is enforced by our laws: we have quite strict standards when it comes to regular medicine nowadays, probably stricter than the US. All medicine has to show that has an efficacy beyond the placebo effect in well-designed trials before it may be approved by our regulatory bodies. There is one exception in the law though, homeopathy, where the only thing that must be shown scientifically there is that it isn't actively harmful (not difficult if you dilute stuff into oblivion) -- the efficacy requirement for homeopathic medicine basically boils down to a board of homeopaths have to believe it's effective. Compounding this issue is that our public health insurance providers are required to pay for some homeopathic medicines by law if they are prescribed by a doctor.

    What's even worse is that there's a culture here that many regular doctors will prescribe homeopathic remedies without patients even explicitly asking for it. (It happened to me, and I was quite shocked at that time.)

    I also don't know of anyone who learnt anything about what homeopathy actually is in school unless they had a teacher that really cared about the subject -- I certainly didn't learn about what it really was until I stumbled upon information on the internet during my time at university.

    Given all that, I can't fault the general public in Germany for "believing" in homeopathy. Unfortunately the lobby for homeopathy in Germany is very strong and so far all attempts to alter our laws so that homeopathy isn't officially recognized by the regulatory bodies anymore have failed. And unfortunately there is no clear divide between political parties about this issue here -- at best you have small fractions within some parties that object to homeopathy, but left-wing or right-wing, the major political parties will change nothing in the foreseeable future.

  • by Vegan Cyclist ( 1650427 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @07:23PM (#61908223) Homepage

    Think about this "potentization" nonsense.. A glass of water would have diluted particles from EVERYTHING, from halfway across the universe even.

    If this were true, a glass of water would cure everything. It would be super-potent too.

    There's not even any need to 'create' any medicine, it's already there in even more infinitely tiny quantities.

    If you believe that garbage. But apparently it doesn't even take itself that seriously.

  • if sugar pills don't work why are we seeing 40% of people in the trial saying it has a positive effect!

  • heilpraktiker, a type of German naturopath that offers alternative therapies ranging from acupuncture and massage to reiki and homeopathy.
    That is not what a "heilpraktiker" is. Losely translated as "Healing practitioner". First of all: they have nearly the same education as a mediacl doctor who studied at the university.
    Secondly: there are more doctors offering "alternative therapies ranging from acupuncture and massage to reiki and homeopathy." than any Heilpraktiker working.

    What a stupid summary.

  • by careysub ( 976506 ) on Tuesday October 19, 2021 @10:41PM (#61908711)

    DId you hear the one about the guy taking a homeopathic medication and forgot to take his pill one day? He died of an overdose.

  • There are plenty of people in the grave this year that tried placebos, alternative treatments, and miracle drugs like:

    - bleach water
    - Ivermectin
    - Rinsing their mouth out
    - etc..

    COVID had no mercy on them. It has a penchant to prefer vaccines and treatments that have successfully passed Phase 3 trials.

  • But consider medicine is a white coat, black art.

  • Of course they believe in nonsense like homeopathy, religion, astrology and identity politics. If you work among capable people you may forget what the real world outside your industry looks like, though COVID should have erased any residual respect one might have for what Mencken called the "booboisie".

    No one should be surprised. They cannot be reached by intelligent arguments they're inherently incapable of understanding. They are education-averse so that won't work either which leaves the only reliable t

  • The "cure" is in the therapy, the concoctions are just Placebo's.
    We know the body does indeed heal itself, including the mind, within reason.

    But a placebo effect without the therapy, I'm guessing that won't be as effective.

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