Nevada Man Becomes First In the US To Catch COVID-19 Twice (nypost.com) 236
A Nevada resident is thought to be the first person in the United States to be infected twice by the coronavirus, according to findings released this week. The New York Post reports: The 25-year-old man, of Reno, experienced a sore throat, cough, headache, nausea and diarrhea -- and first tested positive for the COVID-19 on April 18, according to a study published to the website SSRN Thursday, which has yet to be peer-reviewed. His symptoms had resolved by April 27, and he tested negative for the virus twice in May, the study says. Then on May 31, he sought treatment again for the same symptoms, in addition to a fever and dizziness, according to the study. The patient was hospitalized five days later as his symptoms worsened to include muscle aches, a cough and shortness of breath. He then tested positive for the coronavirus a second time. Another test revealed he had antibodies against the infection. A Hong Kong man was the first patient ever confirmed to be reinfected with the coronavirus. Two European cases of COVID-19 reinfection were reported one day later.
Two Strains (Score:3)
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There are two significant strains of Covid-19: The original Chinese "D" and the newer, more infectious, European "G" strain. Someone catching Covid twice isn't reason to think immunity to Covid, at least for a specific strain, doesn't persist.
Perhaps we can subscribe to this theory...right up until people start catching COVID a third and fourth time, which will likely happen.
Perhaps we should stop calling them "antibodies" now. Or perhaps we should stop assuming we'll find a vaccine, since it appears to be about as "easy" to play catch-up with COVID-19 mutations as the common cold.
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When will you Lynnwoods realize covid isn't just a cold. It doesn't even mutate as much as flu.
And yet, it's still manages to be several times more deadly. And for all we know, hasn't even gotten started yet.
I never said it was "just" a cold, and clearly a voracious mutation schedule (also unknown at this time) isn't necessary to elude us finding a cure.
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There are six strains of Covid known so far https://www.sciencedaily.com/r... [sciencedaily.com] and it's been five months. We don't know the long-term rate of mutation, but it's not as bad is some other diseases, but it's also clearly not zero.
The issue with re-infection is that if people's recovery doesn't lead to long term immunity, then they're vulnerable to reinfection by the same strain, which there have been reports of across the globe for months. The other risk is that if it's like the flu, the mutations are so differ
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The fact that people develop antibodies proves that a vaccine can be made.
It shows that a response (and it's not just antibodies involved) can be created by the body to a specific strain. It doesn't mean from that it conveys resistance in whole or part to all strains or that it persists. Also creation of a vaccine depends on more than just noting the body mounting a response - it has to be possible to actually produce it, at scale, and be safe to administer (e.g. not be as bad as COVID itself).
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People can catch ordinary flu many times during their life. They can catch colds many times. ...
Why would COVID be any different?
Re:Two Strains (Score:5, Insightful)
The point here is that he caught Covid-19 twice within around 7 weeks, the immunity conferred by recovering the first time around should have lasted at least twice as long as that.
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while on the margins the medicos are worried about a real issue - the end of effective antibiotics.
Antibiotics are useless here, they attack bacteria, not viruses.
We can develop new antibiotics, so anti-biotic resistant bacteria are not as dangerous as was feared 25 years ago.
Re: Two Strains (Score:2)
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Well, "freaking out" is, in this case, responding rationally to data. Covid-19 is 50x more deadly than the flu, so rationally people should be 50x more concerned about getting it.
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Medicine does not "fix" anything or "kill" infections (though there are a very few exceptions where some chemical compounds may be bacteriacides or virusides or cell-i-cides). It works, in the latter case, by weakening the invading virus/bacteria/cells so that the body can do what it is having trouble doing more easily. Similarly, surgeons do not "fix" anything. Like treating wounds with maggots they work to remove broken bits so that the body can (hopefully) repair itself. Sometimes the body processes
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Because flu viruses (we know of what, 200-ish of them?) is endemic in the wild.
Novel coronavirus is a zoonotic novel virus that doesn't have a natural reservoir of its human variant. It only exists as long as there are human carriers for it. That makes it completely different in nature from "ordinary flu" or what is correctly called common cold family of human flu viruses.
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Novel coronavirus is a zoonotic novel virus that doesn't have a natural reservoir of its human variant. It only exists as long as there are human carriers for it.
You're a complete fucking moron who continues to spew bullshit out his ass on every subject that sounds sciencey, but without reading anything at all from reliable sources. It is a pure synthesis of credulously repetition and original fantasy.
May your dreams be haunted by the screams of a million minks!
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When you hit a nerve, you get a reaction. And boy does it look like I hit a nerve.
Now, I wonder why you have such an emotional reaction to a fairly simple and self-evident statement as to wish a horrible fate on me personally.
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what is correctly called common cold family of human flu viruses.
One of these things is not like the other - Sesame Street
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AC that fails basic reading comprehension. Well done.
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People can catch ordinary flu many times during their life. They can catch colds many times. ...
Why would COVID be any different?
Actually people *rarely* catch the ordinary flu more than a couple of times, and you realise the "ordinary flu" is actually a season group of many different strains of influenza viruses right? Of course you don't.
Here's a hint: When the immunisation program needs to change the formula every 6 months to suit the strains going around, you're not catching the same virus.
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Oh bull. Trump-like BS detected.
From the very beginning it was likely that there would be no lasting immunity to this COVID based disease. The 4 other COVID diseases in humans (common cold) do not confer immunity. If they did, we'd only catch a cold 4 times in our life.
This particular COVID virus is something to avoid at all costs. Not only can it be deadly, but it can also make you very sick with lingering symptoms that look like they are going to be permanent. Many patients are reporting mental defici
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COVID based disease
Before the end of the sentence you managed to tell everyone you have no clue what you're talking about. Thanks for saving me the effort of reading the rest of your post.
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Oh bull. Biden like BS detected. Coronaviruses are not World War Z...
Really? Come talk to me in 6 months when financial markets go from worse to permanently fucked.
Stop assuming the only harm and death is caused by the virus. Greed can and will kill far more.
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I have news for you. If this crisis persists, US financial markets will set new records. Hint: where does the money across the world go in time of crisis?
It's why ongoing crisis put the final nail in the "is there any currency on the planet and any financial market that can challenge American dominance?" question's coffin. The answer was global, came from all over the world and was a resounding "no" to the tune of many tens of trillions of USD that flowed to US in last few months. That is why markets in US
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That is why markets in US are peaking to incredible levels while everyone else is barely hanging on (Europe, Japan) or just straight up crashing (most of the developing world).
https://news.slashdot.org/stor... [slashdot.org]
Tulp futures ...
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In other news "some market strategists" think you should in fact invest in tulips today.
Hint: there's a difference between a real world and "some people talking". One of those two is relevant. Another is a test for basic reading comprehension.
And I have bad news on your making the latter, as you managed to successfully cite a story that confirms my point.
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I have news for you.
There's not a single fucking thing that makes sense about the US financial market right now. House of Cards doesn't even begin to describe the delusion. The only reason other countries are investing in it is because they know that Greed N. Corruption (CEO, US Capitalism) will go to any length to preserve and protect the status quo. Profit has already become an irrelevant factor in IPOs or stock market success. Hype and bullshit are what is valued now, and much like CHAZ/CHOP no one ca
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It's genuinely funny how many people have absolutely no understanding of why US is in the position that it is, and yet are strongly opinionated and think they can produce a long form analysis on the topic.
The primary reason why US is in the position it is is its geography. It is the only nation on the planet that can conceivably act the way US acts, because it's the only nation on the planet that has all of the following:
1. Enough people to be relevant.
2. Landmass in the most productive (read: temperate) re
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Also: all the people in your time-zones have a murder rate 10 times that of the population in European time zones, including most of Africa (excluding places where there is actual war).
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Because money printer is going brrr. At record rates. That means inflation.
And in spite of this, capital flight to US is at record high level. People who are moving money to US know they'll lose a good chunk of it. And they're still doing it.
Do you know why? Because it's better than what they think they'll get in their home nations.
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On top of this, there's a lot more injured than dead from Covid. A recent study of Covid patients who recovered showed that 78% of them had heart damage - that's about 11x more people with heart damage than dead.
Add in lung damage, neurological damage, etc. - the long term effects of Covid on millions of people are not well understood yet, but they aren't just fine.
not strains, just variations. (Score:5, Informative)
There are two significant strains of Covid-19: The original Chinese "D" and the newer, more infectious, European "G" strain.
Nope. Sorry no.
That's not how viruses work. They are not what you think: they are not two distinct subspecie of the virus with radically different behaviours/properties.
This is a RNA-based virus, it mutates slowly over time (at a 1:4 slower pace when compared to Influenza, for various biochem reasons).
Over time it drifts and some mutations appear in some individual viruses which are spread to the next, etc.
You can build a phylogenetic tree out of those mutations to get an idea of how the virus circulated. BUT they are all SARS-CoV-2, just slightly differing in the mutaiton they have accumulated over the lifetime of the pandemic.
There's a mutation which happened rather early in the pandemic (D614G). Over time one of the two was seen more in Europe than the other. Some people are trying to speculate if there's a reason for that. The scientific jury is still out if this did indeed have any impact of infectivity of the virus as the mutation happens to be on the surface protein that virus uses to attach to target cells. It might be that's the case, or it might be that the later variants just happens to be the one that arrived in Europe, so of course it's a mutation that will be carried around there, and then there's good documentation that a lot of the virus carried into the US were from Europe. So it might be just some random effect of which copy of the virus hapened to be on which plane.
At this point in time you shouldn't read too much into it.
Here's a very nice twitter thread by a PhD Emma Hodcroft [twitter.com] (whom [ncs-tf.ch] we are collaborating [github.io] with) another by her PI Prof. Richard Neher [twitter.com].
News article [theatlantic.com] about it.
scientific paper [doi.org] about it.
Also another argument: we are sitll in a very new pandemic with a virus that didn't even exist 1 year ago. It hadn't had time to evolve much yet and hasn't been under any peculiar evolutive pressure (as opposed to HIV which has been aroudn for serveral decades and where mutant which happen to resist to the current drug taken by the patient have a better chance of surviving than the others).
There's low chance for us to already observe dramatic shift in the virus population. Yet.
Someone catching Covid twice isn't reason to think immunity to Covid, at least for a specific strain, doesn't persist.
Again nope.
The only difference is a single amino acid in the specific sub part of one of the surface protein that is used to attach the virus to its target.
This might or might not have some influence in the chance of the virus to successfully enter its target. Or might be just random chance.
But every other amino acid on any other protein visible on the surface of the virus is virtually going to be the same.
Antibodies that bind M or E porteins (membrane, envelope) or any other part of the Spike beside this specific pocket of the Spike, are all going to bind all the same D or G variants.
At this point in time of the pandemic, there's no such thing as a strain-speific antibody (yet). Of course if the US doesn't manage to get hold of the virus, by next ~4 years we could see strains that as so different from the current one that antibodies don't work any more, they same way that the influenza managed to come up with such new versions roughly every year (remember the 1:4 mutation rate mentionned above). But that will be roughly by 2024, and we're still in 2020 now.
What happens is
Re:not strains, just variations. (Score:5, Funny)
I'm not sure if this should be modded up because it is a sensible, non-political, informed piece or modded down because such writings do not belong on this site any more.
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Thank you
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Thank you for all of your time and effort you have put into this
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Keyword is "specific". (Score:4, Informative)
There aren't two significant strains of Covid-19?
Nope. There aren't. Not two distinct significant strains. That's just the mass media which has overblown some scientific finding.
There is just SARS-CoV-2, and produces a multitude of closely related variations due to its mutations rate.
You can put these mutations in a giant familiy tree [nextstrain.org] (that litteraly what my colleagues have been working on and I am on the team that provides them data for Switzerland) where you can track what happens all the way from the original Wuhan first infection.
Or you can zoom out and look at how SARS-CoV-2 fits compared to the other coronavirus family members [nextstrain.org] (like SARS-CoV the first, MERS, and the multitude of viruses in bats) almost to the level of the bat that gave it to us.
(Spoiler alert, it's just a random zoonosis that managed to jump species from bats to humans with a possible pangolin intermediate host. it's not a synthetic bio weapon made by some illuminati lizard people by mixing bits of HIV and alien DNA. No matter what some adepts of demon sperm would like you to believe).
Coronavirus family members have an ExoN domains in their nsp-14, ie.: they have a proof-reading mechanism that is able to fix some of their mutation mistake, so they are not as rapidly mutating as other RNA based viruses. From what the colleagues have seen: around 1:4 of the speed when compared to influenza. (It's also the reason why drug the try to emulate the shape of nucleotide like remdesivir don't have a stellar result).
By now most viruses samples only vary with about a couple of dozens of mutations from the original wuhan sequence.
On a genome which is 29k bases lenght.
And most of these mutations don't even result in a different amino acid in the product protein.
The NYTimes has an infographic about that [nytimes.com].
To use a book metaphor: SARS-CoV-2 is a short novel and each copy of the book you pick up can have up to 40 typo spread over the text.
It's not perfect copies (it closer to what you'd get with old school monks re-transcribing the books (RNA) instead of modern press (DNA)), but it's not enough to call it a different text.
Where as SARS-CoV the first would be a slightly different book. You could more or less see similar general structure of the story, but a lot of the details have changed by now.
(And HIV is a completely different short story, it just happens to also contain the word "cat" here and there).
Someone catching Covid twice is reason to think immunity for a specific strain of Covid doesn't persist?
The immunity is mostly antibody targetting anything which is visible to them, i.e.: most of the surfface proteins (not the RdRp, not the ExoN, but E, M, S, etc.)
Current variants only different by a few amino acids there.
Except for an antibody which happen to target the exat epitope where this difference happens, any antibody targetting any other part of any other protein is virtually the same.
When you get immune against a virus, you do not produce a single monoclonal anti body. You have a lot of different Lymphocyte B cells which each produce a different antibody. Nearly all of them will be working against *ANY* variant of the same virus (with the few exception mentionned above, but again, that will just affect 1 specific type of antibody produce by 1 single out of all the different Lymphocyte B you'd have produced).
i.e.: All current variant of the virus look virtually the same to your immune system, no matter which specific mutation they carry.
These mutation are mostly useful for us researcher to build familiy tree of them which help having a big picture of how the virus circulates across the countries.
But to our immune system, all the virus look exactly the same.
T
Re:Two Strains (Score:4, Interesting)
From what I've read so far is the G and D strains are not sufficiently different from each other to make re-infection a risk. This is also why all the efforts for immunisation are also only focusing on a single strain. What has been determined as the only differentiation so far is that the G strain may be more infectious, but that is under debate.
It stands to reason that with both strains out there we'd see a far higher number of re-infections by now than 4 across the planet if this were a case.
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Re: Two Strains (Score:2)
Uuum, AFAIK the European strain is also much less harmful. (Makes sense. A parasite that kills its host and reproduces badly is not a successful parasite. Look at herpes. Half of humanity has it. Most don't even know. Or mitochondria, which technically are or have been a foreign organism too.)
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At this point, there are many strains. The evidence of reinfection would be a lot more convincing if full genome sequencing was done on the samples from both the first infection and the second. If the virus in both cases is identical or virtually identical, the odds are strong that this was a relapse (perhaps, withdrawing effective treatment too early) rather than a reinfection.
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Also it's worth noting that these reinfections are probably rare events.
There have been over six million confirmed COVID-19 cases worldwide, of which 3.4 million are recovered. That is a large base to look for rare events in.
Thus far we have four total apparent cases of reinfection. That is undoubtedly the tip of the iceberg, but if that iceberg were large relative to the entire ice sheet we'd certainly know it by now.
If these reinfection cases stand up to scrutiny, and they turn out to be because of viru
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Wait, there's seven strains of COVID-19!?
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Both belong to different phyla.
Re:Two Strains (Score:4, Insightful)
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... [wikipedia.org]
I also searched the Wiki article for corona and it found 3 hits. One in " influenza may cause worsening of coronary heart disease", one in the reference link 161 and another in reference link 233.
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Really? Why is it called "influenza" then, Mr. Smarty Pants?
Also, assassins always shoot people in the ass twice.
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You are going in the direction of ILI : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... [wikipedia.org]
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I'm still not sure the testing as such is trustworthy so one of the two might as well have been a flu... or both even.
You seem to accept that people can catch flu many times, so why not COVID?
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From there we already know that sufficiently enough mutated viruses can cause more or less the same disease multiple times in the same individual.
Why would we assume SARS-CoV-2 strains to behave fundamentally different in that regard?
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Why would we assume SARS-CoV-2 strains to behave fundamentally different in that regard?
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has been observed to mutate significantly less quickly than the rhinoviruses which cause most colds. It also mutates less quickly than other coronaviruses. In particular, I haven't yet heard of any mutation which fundamentally changes the structure of the spikes through which it infects cells and which are believed by many to be the most important structures for the immune system.
This is not exactly hard, verified scientific evidence that you can be sure of, but it's been enou
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Because there are significantly more flu strains than COVID strains.
Two strains is enough for people to catch it twice.
Give COVID a chance, it's a new kid on the block. A few years from now they'll both have about the same number of active strains. Every year you'll be getting your flu/COVID shot.
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So yes, you can definitely tell that this guy has been infected by two different strains from the same SARS-CoV-2 virus, the same way a DNA test will tell you for sure if you were bitten by a dog or by an eel.
Re:Two Strains (Score:5, Informative)
The generic difference here was only four RNA bases, so it could have been a normal rate of mutation during a prolonged single infection. In contrast, the Hong Kong patient reportedly had differences in 24 bases scattered across four genes, so that is much more likely to indicate different strains.
But people also differ in their immune responses to illnesses -- even if reinfection is shown, a few reinfections out of millions of cases suggests that the reinfection is more likely due to individual quirks than general virulence.
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The Belgian case was an elderly patient with a compromised immune system -- so that says particularly little about the typical case.
Netherlands claims to have found four reinfections, which is a surprisingly high number. I haven't seen any discussion of how different the virus was across the first and second diagnoses, how they confirmed that the patients had in fact recovered from the first infections, and so forth. Those are also all reported to be older patients, and from what I can tell, relatively mi
Re:Two Strains (Score:4, Interesting)
I'm still not sure the testing as such is trustworthy so one of the two might as well have been a flu... or both even.
Don't worry. These people [telegraph.co.uk] thought this pandemic [patheos.com] was nothing but a hoax [yahoo.com] so you're in good company [syracuse.com] with your thoughts [bbc.com].
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So hold on. Are you saying there's a political group that supports pot but hates dentists?
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He's saying he can't comprehend that a pot shop might only be classified as a "retail shop," and not "ebil hippie satanist businesses."
He's not actually saying he wanted party supply rental shops to have to close, or other important retailers like aromatherapy purveyors. He's not saying he wanted Christian Bookstores to close.
He's just saying he hates hippies. That's all. Don't try to read any more into it than that, you won't find anything.
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I'm still not sure the testing as such is trustworthy so one of the two might as well have been a flu... or both even.
Don't worry. These people [telegraph.co.uk] thought this pandemic [patheos.com] was nothing but a hoax [yahoo.com] so you're in good company [syracuse.com] with your thoughts [bbc.com].
First of all, taking joy in the deaths of people you disagree with, ick. That's way more morally repugnant than anything you mentally charge these folks with.
Secondly, the reality of a novel illness doesn't change the fact that it has been politicized all to hell. The two things are not mutually exclusive.
Pick any example you want. Unapproved protesters just staying inside their own cars are deadly dangerous, since they will eventually have to touch a gas pump, but approved "protesters" (rioters) thronging the streets, not distancing and mostly not wearing masks, are just fine, because something. Pot shops are essential, but routine dentistry isn't. I could throw examples out there all day.
Very, very little of this is "science"-driven. It's a chance for moral preening by people who have no morals; it's "scientific" pronouncements from people who believe that a boy can magically become a girl by wishing it and that human babies don't become human until you take them home from the hospital.
If you want to be taken seriously and listened to as prophets of "science", then heal thyself first.
There are quite a few problems with your sentiments. For one thing, if you look at what happened in the state of Colorado you'll see that when they tried to close the pot shops it caused such a rush on those stores that it was incredibly unsafe. People were packing into them to get enough weed to survive the pandemic. The exact same thing happened in every single state that tried to close liquor stores. Nobody is cramming into the lobby of their dentist's office to get a cleaning before they close down
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First of all, taking joy in the deaths of people you disagree with, ick. That's way more morally repugnant than anything you mentally charge these folks with.
Stop the faux outrage. These people ending up dead were the result of their own stupidity. They are the ones who knew more than the experts, who listened to a con man, who claimed some unknown being would protect them. To use a phrase, they got what they deserved. This is no different than someone being gored by a bison because they got too close to [usnews.com]
There was no joy in GP's post (Score:2)
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There was neither anger nor fear in my original post. As I mentioned above, it was schadenfreude which might be considered joy. It was more to point out his nonsensical attempts to keep downplaying why 185,000 people have died in a few months isn't really a big deal so people don't need to take precautions. If you look at his posts, there's always some excuse why this being blown out of proportions, why it's only certain people who die (not any longer), and other excuse after excuse.
The same with these p
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First of all, taking joy in the deaths of people you disagree with, ick. That's way more morally repugnant than anything you mentally charge these folks with.
I did not see any joy. He was simply pointing out many people are morons, and some of them make the news.
Also, Darwin rules.
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I'm still not sure the testing as such is trustworthy so one of the two might as well have been a flu... or both even.
You realise that COVID-19 tests are not just having a doctor stick his finger in your bum and asking you to cough right?
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I'm still not sure the testing as such is trustworthy so one of the two might as well have been a flu... or both even.
You realise that COVID-19 tests are not just having a doctor stick his finger in your bum and asking you to cough right?
OK, so uhm... now that you've explained where on the doll the man touched you, we need to have an important discussion about some routine medical procedures, and exactly what the "normal" procedure for the exam is.
Re:Two Strains (Score:4, Interesting)
I'm still not sure the testing as such is trustworthy so one of the two might as well have been a flu... or both even.
That is so far:
1. One USA case.
2. One Hongkong case
3. One "celebrity" case in Philipines or Indonesia - deputy minister of the interior or something like this.
4. Two cases in Europe.
5. One case in Korea.
6. Two or three in China.
7. One case in Russia - this guy: https://www.mk.ru/social/2020/... [www.mk.ru]
There is a common feature in all of them. No explanation whatsoever and no follow-up.
In more than half of them the diagnosis is confirmed for both infections via multiple tests. Korea test like lunatics everyone - so at least 4 tests each time. The Russian case is a regional governor who caused a scandal the first time refusing to be hospitalized with the claim he wanted to free an ICU bed for someone in a worse state. At least 4 tests the first time and as many the second.
So actually, reinfection looks real. It will be nice if we finally get at least SOME explanation though. So far has been none
Oh, and as you could expect in the Russian case, the guy is now in their central military hospital and there is a complete and total news blackout on his name. Nothing to see here. These are not the COVID19s you 've been looking for. Move along.
Doesn't matter if a few people can catch it twice! (Score:2)
It doesn't matter if a few people get covid twice.
If the antibodies reduce your risk by 95%, covid will.soon go the way of polio.
Assume in a particular country 10,000 people are infected today.
If they pass it along to 12,0000 people, who pass it along to 14,000, who pass it along to 17,000, after a while everyone gets it. If each round 20% more people get it, that's a reproduction rate of 1.20.
Assume the rate of transmission is cut in half, to 0.6.
10,0000 people pass it to 6,000 people. Those 6,000 pass i
Re:Doesn't matter if a few people can catch it twi (Score:5, Informative)
There's no medical evidence to support the theory that there is long-term immunity to Covid. All the evidence so far shows that antibodies to Covid fade out rapidly.
There have been numerous cases documented for months now of people getting sick from Covid again after 'recovering'. The only question was whether they were re-infected or their original infection wasn't really fully recovered and flared up again.
The only news is that now they've done the specific DNA testing to document cases where the second case was a different strain from the first, which proves that they were re-infected with Covid rather than the same infection flaring up. Of course, since the Covid strains are distributed regionally, most re-infections would likely be the same strain as the original, which this DNA test won't catch since it's the same DNA both times.
You're also wrong about people gaining immunity affecting the reproduction rate (R0). Only perhaps 1% of the population has had Covid, so even if they were all perfectly immune forever, Covid would still spread to the other 99% exactly the same way, same rate of spread. The things that reduce the rate of spread most effectively are social distancing and wearing masks - the less people interact, and the less they spread Covid every time they breathe or cough, the fewer people get infected. "Herd immunity" doesn't protect the population until 70-80% of the population has been infected, recovered, and is immune. Which would mean perhaps 70-80x as many deaths as we've had so far. And zero evidence that there is long-term immunity, so those deaths could achieve nothing.
Couple things ya forgot (Score:2)
> Only perhaps 1% of the population has had Covid, so even if they were all perfectly immune forever, Covid would still spread to the other 99% exactly the same way, same rate of spread.
You forgot a couple things. First, in your scenario, 99% of people have covid because 1% of people have covid.
One could imagine a scenario in which only 1% have covid. One could imagine a different scenario in which 99% do. However, it's not possible for 99% to have it while only 1% do.
The other big thing you missed i
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There's no medical evidence to support the theory that there is long-term immunity to Covid. All the evidence so far shows that antibodies to Covid fade out rapidly.
Antibodies are specifically created in response to specific infection. They normally fade when no longer needed.
As for medical evidence of long term immunity:
https://www.cell.com/cell/full... [cell.com]
You're also wrong about people gaining immunity affecting the reproduction rate (R0). Only perhaps 1% of the population has had Covid. Covid would still spread to the other 99% exactly the same way, same rate of spread.
1% is confirmed cases. Actual cases are at a bare minimum well above 10%. In areas having seen significant outbreaks the numbers are way higher. A full quarter of the NYC population has for example been infected. There are areas with much higher concentrations.
The things that reduce the rate of spread most effectively are social distancing and wearing masks - the less people interact, and the less they spread Covid every time they breathe or cough, the fewer people get infected. "Herd immunity" doesn't protect the population until 70-80% of the population has been infected, recovered, and is immune.
There is no threshold. Every less person able to sprea
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the rarity do not add up (Score:2)
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"so one of the two (positive tests) might as well have been a flu... or both even."
More likely one of the two positive tests were a false positive.
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Perhaps. I suspect it is actually the same covid infection, and not actually a re-infection. One research study indicates that covid symptoms can come and go for 8+ weeks: https://patientresearchcovid19... [patientres...ovid19.com]. Of the people included in the study (people who had symptoms for at least 2 weeks but not severe enough to be hospitalized), 80% still had symptoms after 7 weeks, but only 10% still had symptoms after 8. (Unfortunately the study only lasted 8 weeks.)
And of course, there are several articles pointing out
I shot a man in Reno (Score:2, Funny)
just to watch him die of Corona.
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The first rule (Score:2, Funny)
covid-go-round (Score:2)
Not necessarily. (Score:2)
The New York Times telling you /today/ : https://www.nytimes.com/2020/0... [nytimes.com]
"Your Coronavirus Test Is Positive. Maybe It Shouldnâ(TM)t Be."
Duh.
NYT saying that maybe 90% of the positive tests aren't sick people.
Live virus at no more than 9 days (1.3 weeks). PCR tests detecting fragments to 12 weeks. 1.3/12=0.11%. So 89% of positive tests are measuring people without live virus.
You understand why, don't you? (Score:3)
This is an indictment of our entire response to the disease. If this is happening it's because we fucked up royally.
Re: First proven, not the first (Score:2)
To be even more precise: First shown. Not proven. Not even verified by you or me.
Only mathematics has proof. Everything else is just reliable observation but no guarantees. And that is because mathematica builds on mere assumptions (axioms) too. :D
Re:I caught mono twice in high school. (Score:5, Funny)
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Doesn't that actually make it stereo?
I sure as hell hope not. Dolby Atmos would become the Ebola of auralviruses.
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Canadians being real does not make your girlfriends real, even if you imagine them as Canadians.
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If the Fed don't everyone suffers worse.
Heads they win, tails you lose.
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"If the Fed don't everyone suffers worse.
Heads they win, tails you win."
There. Fixed that for you.
Easy way to win (Score:2)
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Garden variety Republican corporate socialism.
That is the kind of mentality that brought you to this point. Then you vote for the other side, but it is just the other side of the same coin. The $3 trillion plan to give free money to the rich and crumbs to the poor was approved by the Democrat-led House [wsj.com].
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Garden variety Republican corporate socialism.
Republican politicians generally oppose loose monetary policies.
Loose money lowers interest rates and benefits debtors. It causes asset price inflation, which benefits stockholders and homeowners. It weakens the dollar, which benefits exporters.
Loose money hurts creditors and people with cash savings.
So there are winners and losers, but we really have no choice. The alternative is a deeper recession that hurts everyone.
Reality is, you're going to be old (Score:3)
As a practical matter, Barefoot, unfortunately it's very likely that you will get old. Regardless of which blogs you read or which Facebook groups you hang out in, you have birthdays, and soon enough you'll be 75 years old, or dead.
You have a choice to make an how being 75 is going to look for you. You can either be Walmart greeter when you're 75, with the income of a Walmart greeter, or you can have make some investment into businesses that will generate profit, which will allow you to buy food without sp
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Barefoot will never age (Score:2)
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Besides which, it is very hard to make a business investment if you are skint, and dead easy if you are investing other people's bitcoins.
Do you know what percentage of money invested in business is ill-gotten gains?
Neither do the feds.
Kill yourself, BeauHD (Score:3, Informative)
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There is not one coronavirus. You're using singular where you should be using plural. It makes what you're saying even more ridiculous than it already was.