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Science

Much Fridge Food 'Goes There To Die' (osu.edu) 157

Americans throw out a lot more food than they expect they will, food waste that is likely driven in part by ambiguous date labels on packages, a new study has found. From a report: "People eat a lot less of their refrigerated food than they expect to, and they're likely throwing out perfectly good food because they misunderstand labels," said Brian Roe, the study's senior author and a professor of agricultural, environmental and development economics at The Ohio State University.

This is the first study to offer a data-driven glimpse into the refrigerators of American homes, and provides an important framework for efforts to decrease food waste, Roe said. It was published online this month in the journal Resources, Conservation & Recycling. Survey participants expected to eat 97 percent of the meat in their refrigerators but really finished only about half. They thought they'd eat 94 percent of their vegetables, but consumed just 44 percent. They projected they'd eat about 71 percent of the fruit and 84 percent of the dairy, but finished off just 40 percent and 42 percent, respectively.

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Much Fridge Food 'Goes There To Die'

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  • overall, this wasted food is a net carbon sink, and that's a good thing

    • by rlauzon ( 770025 )
      But the decomposition releases methane, which is a greenhouse gas.
  • All food doesn't have to be 'fresh'. It can be frozen then thawed and eaten when desired. Things that can't be frozen should be purchased more regularly. Consumers need to manage their needs and purchases. Labels aren't entirely at fault.
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by Nidi62 ( 1525137 )

      All food doesn't have to be 'fresh'. It can be frozen then thawed and eaten when desired. Things that can't be frozen should be purchased more regularly. Consumers need to manage their needs and purchases. Labels aren't entirely at fault.

      Yep, we eat most of the meat we purchase because we buy in bulk, portion it out, freeze it, then thaw it a day or 2 before we need it. If anything's wasted it's either due to freezerburn or meal plans get changed/derailed and it sits a day or 2 too long in the fridge.

    • by Impy the Impiuos Imp ( 442658 ) on Friday August 30, 2019 @11:27AM (#59141298) Journal

      Keep in mind "too much cheap food such that the average person can cavalierly waste it" is a wonderful novelty problem to have historically. Economists measure things like calories produced per person, and calories per dollar, when gauging countries, all in the historical context of malnutrition and starvation.

      Our food waste "problem", and obesity, are joyous, happy problems compared to what they replaced. So never, ever get too bent out of shape over it.

      • Obesity in African culture was often seen as a sign of wealth (i.e., you could afford to stuff yourself). No wonder Americans are so rich.
        • by PolygamousRanchKid ( 1290638 ) on Friday August 30, 2019 @11:45AM (#59141350)

          Obesity in African culture was often seen as a sign of wealth (i.e., you could afford to stuff yourself). No wonder Americans are so rich.

          In poor countries, only the rich can afford to be fat.

          In rich countries, only the rich can afford to be thin.

        • by sjames ( 1099 )

          The same was true in Europe many years ago as well. At that time, the rule of thumb was even mostly true.

          These days though, it just means that there's plenty of cheap nutritionally deficient calorie bombs available. The rule of thumb no longer works because the surrounding conditions have changed.

      • "Too much of a good thing is not a good thing anymore!"
      • by bjwest ( 14070 ) on Friday August 30, 2019 @12:16PM (#59141464)

        Our food waste "problem", and obesity, are joyous, happy problems compared to what they replaced. So never, ever get too bent out of shape over it.

        The obesity problem in the U.S. is not something to be joyous over. It's not a sign of over abundance of food, it's a sign of overabundance of non-food. Carb and sugar laden preprocessed shit that people eat that their body can't process correctly get stored in the fat cells and the body indicats it needs more nutrition in for form of hunger signals. People get hungry so fill their guts with more crap that again gets stored and the body says it's not fed properly... The cycle continues and they get diabetes, cardiovascular disease and eventually die after filling the coffers of big pharma with overpriced medications they couldn't afford so I had to pay for out of my tax dollars.

        TLDR: Too much food isn't the problem, it's too much non-food that people eat while the actual food goes to waste in the fridge.

        • Nope carbs are food and have nutritional value. The problem is with total calorie consumption and cheap food makes that easier than ever before. The consequences are over weight people.

          • by bjwest ( 14070 )
            We can't live without water either, but drink too much and you'll drown. Calories in - calories out is not the way to got about your day, and the source of those calories is just as important, if not more so, than the amount. Five hundred calories of slow processed fats and protein will (from a good source, not that double quarter pounder with cheese from Mc D's) keep you satiated much longer than the same amount of calories in carbs, and if you throw a salad in there with a good (EVOO or avocado oil base
        • A good sign of how the shit food is bad for people is when you get a college student who suddenly gained 30-40lbs in his first 2-3 years of college to do a diet. I remember a guy coming to the dorms skinny. Two years later he was pretty fat. He literally only took out the soft drinks and lost 20lbs in two months.

          Not saying that genes and other stuff aren't a factor. But we have so much garbage food that some people eat so much of. It's so bad that some can look like they became a fitness and diet man

      • by Livius ( 318358 )

        There are certainly worse problems to have, but waste is still bad.

  • Much Fridge Food 'Goes There To Die'

    The belly fat of a sedentary, middle-aged slashdot nerd?

    • I started aqua jogging (running in the pool) two months ago. My belly fat went from being over the belt to under the belt.
      • by Nidi62 ( 1525137 )

        You could just swim. It looks a lot less ridiculous.

        Underwater treadmills are useful for knee injury rehabilitation though. You still get the cardio benefits but with a greatly reduced impact factor.

        • You could just swim.

          I don't know how to swim. I can jog back and forth in five feet of water.

          It looks a lot less ridiculous.

          I hear the squirrels laughing all the time but I don't give a nut.

          • It is in terms of burning calories and strengthening the body much better than swimming anyway.

            Some people do Karate (or other martial arts) kata in the water ...

        • Well, depends on the size of the pool. A lot of people own pools that just aren't big enough for doing laps. Also, if you're the sort to avoid public gyms because you're out of shape and were bullied about it in the past, then you'd likely also avoid the public pools as well.

          And to be honest, most sports and gym exercises look ridiculous as well if you stop to think about it, why single out just the one? You generally look stupid when jogging, and definitely stupid when bicycling (at least if you're sticki

          • And to be honest, most sports and gym exercises look ridiculous as well if you stop to think about it, why single out just the one? You generally look stupid when jogging, and definitely stupid when bicycling (at least if you're sticking to the lycra fashions), weight training looks stupid (even without the grunts and farts), power walking looks stupid, etc.

            I feel like poor form is makes weight lifting look the worst, though.... The guys doing quarter squats then posing as though they just won 1st place. Or the guys who lift by flailing around and using swing momentum to get weights they can't handle up. Or the thin 130lb guys that lift a few things by flailing around and doing half reps then scream at each other....

            Also the guys that put on weight lifting belts, gloves, wrist straps, and drink water from a protein shaker while they then proceed to overh

        • I did underwater stationary bike therapy for my ACL surgery recovery, didn't know it even existed!
      • You got a new belt? I should try that.

      • I'd encourage you to learn. I did not learn til my early 20's and it literally took years but was definitely worth it. I'm now 60 and I still love it. It meant I could boogie board, try wind surfing, swim in the ocean, and numerous other experiences that would have terrified me before learning. I started with a private instructor but switched to adult education classes after learning to float. Adult ed had access to a much larger pool. In the end I was swimming 1 mile during the class. The class also taught
  • by rickb928 ( 945187 ) on Friday August 30, 2019 @11:24AM (#59141280) Homepage Journal

    Our household eats a carnivore diet, so we are different. But:

    - We buy meat on sale when it fits our needs, and freeze much for later consumption.
    - We also will cook and eat meat that has spent more time in the fridge than we are comfortable with, but we've learned it's ok.
    - We buy very little processed food, and so throw out very little food at all. Other than bones and significant fat, we throw out less than 5% of our food purchases.
    - Our household usually fills a single tall kitchen garbage bag a week, which includes ALL trash for the week, not just kitchen waste. We recycle as appropriate, cans/bottles/paper/plastics, and usually find about a third the volume in recyclables. We're just not wasteful that way.

    But I see this problem elsewhere... Not good. Mind you, I was raised where grocery shopping was a weekly event, and planning was normal, so I think differently. And if I were a city dweller, I would probably buy what I could carry on mass transit, or on the way home. But a meat-focused diet requires some planning, and I now shop twice a week, so it's close. We just make different choices. Processed food has never been my thing.

    • by Anrego ( 830717 )

      Yup.

      I'm single and put out like a quarter bad of garbage a month. I get that multiple people+kids makes a huge difference, but it amazes me how some people can put out like 3 or 4 garbage bags every 2 weeks.

      I'm not a hippy or anything, but I do make a reasonable effort to recycle and compost.

      I also don't throw out food often. Usually when I do it's fresh produce that went bad before expected. Pretty rare that I just straight up don't get around to eating something.

      • Yeah, same. Sometimes I do screw up my estimates or something unexpected comes up that prevents me from cooking and eating as planned, but I can't imagine eating only half of what I bought.

        If there's no mold and it doesn't stink too much, eat it. It's good for the environment and okay for you!

      • My house hold used to generate a lot of trash but then again I have five sons they are grown and have moved out so not so much now. Food waste on that magnitude would have been exceedingly expensive for my large family so planing meals was a must. When my sons grew up and started moving out we found ourselves having trouble cooking for a smaller family at first, that may have cause a little extra food waste but after so many years of strict meal planning we waste no where near that much.

    • Keep the bones, make a stock out of it; can also keep trimmings of vegetables for it. Eat the fat, it's good for you.

    • Veggies don't freeze as well as meat and fruit is basically useless for anything but smoothies after freezing. Same for greens and they often only last a few days before their rotten.

      These days even potatoes don't seem to last. I stopped buying the 5lb bags because they'd go bad in a few weeks.

      Pasta, Beans and Rice keep well enough.

      Most cities have really, really crappy mass transit. Where I am it's a 10 minute drive to the grocery store. I'm in a major city, but the sprawl means there's miles of
      • Hm. Many veggies freeze well. Potatoes need to be stored properly, but modern homes rarely have a root cellar for that.

        I recall the challenge of eating salad at home. I don't like the prepackaged lettuce, but alas if you eat alone you'll throw out most of a full head of lettuce. Even the two of us had to dedicate ourselves to really eating salads. Proper storage there usually requires washing and drying, good containers, etc. Strawberries need to be washed and rinsed to store. But all fresh food is intended

      • These days even potatoes don't seem to last. I stopped buying the 5lb bags because they'd go bad in a few weeks.
        Must be the breed. German or French potatoes harvested in October or so, usually were put into basements and kept till May or so ... just constant temperature, not to wet and simply dark

  • by tsa ( 15680 ) on Friday August 30, 2019 @11:32AM (#59141312) Homepage

    Not only Americans do that. Every time Iâ(TM)m at my parentsâ(TM) house I throw moldy stuff out of their fridge. They pack that thing so full that they donâ(TM)t know all that they have in there. And they are not even demented or otherwise insane.

    • Yep. And I'll bet they bought it on sale so that they could save money. That's my life, er, wife.

      • by tsa ( 15680 )

        It's even worse with my parents. They have a 40 year old extra fridge in the garage which they use as an 'overspill' fridge. If they would just buy less stuff they could easily do with one fridge instead of having this old one sucking loads of non-green electricity all the time.

  • It's ridiculous that it's not in regular DD/MM/YY format. (Or MM/DD/YY if you're in Europe)

    Worse offender I ever came across...(Company name withheld since they may have changed this and I just haven't noticed.)

    The code on the container was 9324.
    9324 means (201)9 on the 324th day of that year was when the product was manufactured.
    Minus it into 365 days equals 41 days. That's the rest of 2019.
    Their product is good for 180 days.
    So 180 - 41 = 139 days it will be good in 2020.
    The 139th day of 2020 will be May 1

    • by bws111 ( 1216812 )

      Well, first of all, 0518 doesn't tell you the year, so it is pretty much useless. Secondly, 9324 is a production date (lot number), not an expiration date. If their product is good for 180 days, that generally means 180 days after opening, not 180 after manufacture.

      • The '0' designates 202(0) just like the '9' designated 201(9).

        And the company rep himself is the one who told me how to read the code. It is not a lot number, it's exactly how I described.

        • by bws111 ( 1216812 )

          Uh, yeah. You do know some months have two digits, right?

          Of COURSE it the number can be decoded, it is not a secret. The point you fail to understand is that the code is not meant for consumers. It is there for tracking/forensic/recall purposes. Nobody is expected to do math with it. It is not an expiration date.

      • If their product is good for 180 days, that generally means 180 days after opening, not 180 after manufacture.
        Depends on the product. You hardly find food you can open and it stays good for 6month, except salt or pasta on the other hand those would last much longer.

        BTW: he explained why it tells the year. 0 stands for 2020, obviously, last digit of the year. Obviously it 'could' stand for 2040 to. Hence giving dates in such notations makes not much sense.

    • by Nidi62 ( 1525137 )

      Half the time those dates aren't even "consume by" dates, they're "sell by" dates. And even the "sell by" has nothing to do with safety/edibility, it's mostly a flavor determination.

      • by edis ( 266347 )

        Food can go wrong. To me it is usually happening passing weeks, even months after recommendation date labeled. I learned to keep most in the 0 zone of the fridge, next to the freezer. You can dry or toast bread as well, to prolong its lifespan - it is important to not keep it in plastic, but rather in paper bag. Actually, most of the food I collect at a half price or less, when label nears its term. It's kind of a game, with surprising rates of success. Also, excellent savings plus responsible behavior.

        • Food can go wrong. To me it is usually happening passing weeks,

          Milk and Cheese: Dairy Products Gone Bad. A carton of hate. A wedge of spite. It didn't take weeks, I think they were born that way.

      • by xlsior ( 524145 )
        Many of the bags of chips just say "Best by February 23", which is completely useless without including the year -- is it 6 months PAST the 'best by' date, or does it have another 6 months of shelf life left? Especially since you have no idea how long it has been sitting in a warehouse before you bought it.

        (They definitely do go stale/rancid at some point when they're old)
    • It's ridiculous that it's not in regular DD/MM/YY format. (Or MM/DD/YY if you're in Europe)

      Real men use YY/MM/DD.

      • Comment removed based on user account deletion
        • We should all just use number of seconds since the sixties ended. Using delimiters to make it human readable is ok. I mean, if you're into that kind of thing.

        • Or YYYY-MMM-DD (MMM = "JAN"/"FEB"/"MAR"/etc.

          Which doesn't sort using any simple algorithm into chronological order.

          Note: my fridge isn't where food goes to die. It's already dead when it enters. When it exhibits signs of life, like green fuzz, it leaves.

    • by lsllll ( 830002 )

      "No! No, no, not 6! I said 7. Step into my office." -- "Why?" -- "'Cause you're fuckin' fired!"

      But seriously, according to the logic you posted, I'm assuming the 0 is to denote 2020, the 5 May, and 18 the day. It's all and well until you hit October and now have to use 5 digits, except they can only do 4 digits. If they're gonna do 5 digits, they may as well use 8 and put a full date on there. I think I like their method better. Doing that in my head will keep my addition/subtraction skills sharp!

    • It's ridiculous that it's not in regular DD/MM/YY format. (Or MM/DD/YY if you're in Europe)

      I think you got that backwards

    • I can't remember the last food item I saw without a date on it, except for fresh produce. Everything I look at in a grocery store has a human readable date on it, and If it doesn't, that product will remain on the shelf.
    • It's ridiculous that it's not in regular DD/MM/YY format. (Or MM/DD/YY if you're in Europe)

      In the US, it's been law for 10-15 years (or more) that the dates be in mm/dd/yyyy format.

      They can still be "sell by", "use by", or "best by" dates, though.

    • If that is the package date, there is not much wrong with it.
      Are you sure there was not a "consume before: " somewhere else?

      And in Europe we use a different date format in every country, mostly however a variation of DD/MM/YY(YY). Since 2000 YY is uncommon, and the separator varies, in Germany it is a dot. I think only UK uses MM/DD/YY ... but not sure. In official documents we are shifting more and more to ISO dates: YYYY-MM-DD

      Your example btw is a good example for many "hidden" Y2K problems. (Yeah, no one

  • Well, people might "misunderstand" the product dating label, by definition, but their misunderstanding arises because of the ambiguity and inscrutability of the different labels. I live in Canada and I have lost count of the number of different date codes that are used on the food products for sale here. Whatever happened to ISO standards??

    I hate to say it, but more regulation and enforcement (especially enforcement) are required.
    • I bought a can of "Bar Harbor" brand clam chowder yesterday. Want to know how many servings it has in it? 1.75. I am not making this up. I can't tell if it should be illegal of if it was caused by some nonsense law.

      • by bws111 ( 1216812 )

        It is by law. The FDA defines 'reference amounts' for each type of food. For soup, that is 245g. The producer must then figure out how many 'common household measures' it takes to hold between 100% and 200% of that amount, and that is the standard serving size for labelling. For soup, the unit is a cup, and for most soups the size would be 1 cup. So if the product has 14oz of soup, that is 1.75 standard servings.

        I am not sure why that should be illegal, or that the law is nonsense.

        • It is absurd to think any consumer is going to divide a can up like that. Most consider one can to be one serving. The rest of humanity is going to consider half a can to be a serving. 1.75 is the most useless division I've ever seen on product labeling. Except for some brands of cooking spray I guess. Fat free my fat ass.

          I assumed at the store that the company was trying to make the math too tedious to bother with. Food sellers are certainly not above trying to trick people into misunderstanding the nutrit

          • by bws111 ( 1216812 )

            The point is to have a standard serving size to make it easier for the consumer to compare nutritional information, independent of package size. Is this soup healthier than that one, not is this package of soup healthier.

        • I am not sure why that should be illegal, or that the law is nonsense.
          Well, which household is still eating soup out of a cup?

          I mean for you it makes sense, but already that a "package sold" does not hold either one or two or several, but 1.75 cups: makes no sense.

          • by bws111 ( 1216812 )

            You seem to think that the serving size is a suggestion or recommendation of how much you should, or are expected to, eat. It isn't. It is just a standard to make comparison between products easier. Servings per package is there so you know if you eat the whole can you have eaten almost twice (or whatever) the amounts of the things on the label. What your actual serving size is is entirely up to you, not the manufacturer or the FDA.

    • Also, the "best if used by" label is wildly different depending on the brand. For some brands of milk, the date is a good indicator of when the milk will begin to sour. For others, the milk will definitely be sour by that date. For a few, it's a date where you can be almost sure that the milk is still completely unsoured until some time after that date.

      It's not so much that people don't understand the label. It's that the actual observed effect of what happens when the date is reached has no consistency

      • A few years ago I saw "a salt joke" (cartoon), the little girl points on the Himalaya salt her aunt is buying and says something: look, it lasts only two years. And the Aunt answers: wow, that is lucky, that they sell it just before it spoils after it was buried for millions of years in the Himalaya!

  • "because they misunderstand labels"?
    When it says "EXPIRATION DATE: SEP 1 2019" yes, a lot of people are going to toss it out when Sep 2 rolls around.
    Unless of course you know (as most reasonable adults do) that eggs are good a couple of weeks longer than that, milk is good for at least one week, dry goods like grains as much as a year, meat - varies widely depending on type, packaging, source, and purpose.

    So it seems a little harsh to blame people for taking the most conservative course here?

    • by bws111 ( 1216812 )

      I gotta say, I have seen 'expiration dates' on medicines and such, but never milk/eggs/etc. Those are usually 'sell by' dates.

      • I gotta say, I have seen 'expiration dates' on medicines and such, but never milk/eggs/etc. Those are usually 'sell by' dates.

        Milk can be poured down the drain when it goes sour, eggs when they start to smell. A lot of expiration dates are complete bonk. I once got a case of 12 mustard jars that were already a month beyond the expiry date. I put the lot in a fridge and six months later the stuff was still perfectly edible. The same goes for smoked meats. I buy whole smoked hams off the hook from a farmer's wife who operates a private smoke house. Some of them have mold on them when they come off the hook, but that does not mean yo

        • by edis ( 266347 )

          Milk can be poured down the drain when it goes sour, eggs when they start to smell.

          Actually, I usually can make fresh cheese from sour milk (by slow heating and gentle mixing, till it separates from the well-drinkable liquid part). Also, sour milk is healthy thing for your digestion to have on its own. It mostly depends how your maker processed milk - taste and see yourself. If one is taken from farmers, it absolutely will be great to obtain cream, later becoming sour cream, fresh, then sour milk, fresh cheese.

      • I gotta say, I have seen 'expiration dates' on medicines and such, but never milk/eggs/etc. Those are usually 'sell by' dates.

        Expration date
        Best by date (I bet at some point is become poisonous - but when?)
        Sell by date (but how long is it safe to eat?)

        If there was a standardized dating system that included :

        Sell by -- Best by -- Do not eat after

        I think it would clear things up

      • by edis ( 266347 )

        Here in Europe we have dates of expiration, or "best before". Occasionally you are hit with bad milk even with marked date not expired (it suffered poor transportation from maker, or poor conditions at place of sale). Much more often I don't see milk going wrong even long after such date been passed - once product is pasteurized, it lacks live air and bacteria to induce processes, especially when storing in so called 0 zone of the fridge. Word of caution: summer heat and humidity do make negative impact on

    • by djinn6 ( 1868030 )

      The expiration date is meaningless without also considering how it's being stored. I've eaten 2 month old eggs that I've left in the fridge. I've frozen fruit juice for several months, then thawed it and drank it as usual. I've had vacuum-packed MREs that are more than a decade old.

    • I have a container of table salt that says "Best if used by 14 FEB 21". It's mostly full; I hope I don't have to throw it out when it goes stale.

      Guess I'd better check the date on the bag of sugar also.
  • In the UK it has move towards "simplifying" labelling, and there is a move towards removing them. These were put in place to protect the consumer, who now isn't protected.

  • This isn't really news for me, I noticed this happening in my household- we were throwing out way too much food. Now I stop by the grocery store on my way home and buy perishables the same day I use them. I don't do the weekly shopping trip anymore- I cook food within an hour of buying it usually.

    Yeah, not as convenient going to the grocery store so often, but I pass it on my way home anyway, and I'm saving money by not throwing food out this way.

    • by edis ( 266347 )

      If there are stores on your way, that discount "last day" products, you can save even more with your practice. Most of such food is perfectly fine, large part of it can be examined visually against smallest possibility of mold, or package bulging. It is not unusual in my area to get 70% discounts on products that are absolutely fine.

      Otherwise, cooking fresh buy is great way to have very good meals.

  • First I sack lunch at work, and left overs are the best for that.

    And second, saturday/sunday when I bark at the kids for lunch, I take every leftover out of the fridge including some of the veggies/fruit that need eating.

    And I'll often based "what's for dinner" off what needs to be used. Left over ham/turkey/chicken, that becomes fried rice in 30 min.

  • I call my fridge the "Electric Composter" -- the drawers are the "Vegetable Rotters" or "Beer Crisper" depending on what is in them at them moment.

    True more often than not.

  • We have very little waste and almost nothing in our house ends up spoiled. Occasionally we'll have cheese that was not packaged well and develops mold long before it should (Sargento's packaging is the worst offender), besides that we use everything we buy.

    How do we accomplish this? My wife goes to the grocer 2 or 3 times a week and only buys perishable items that we'll use in the next few days.

    It's really a simple concept.
    • by edis ( 266347 )

      If that's surface mold, it is easy to scrub or cut out. Means little on a hard or semi-soft cheese, you should find it still fine under surface. I used to rewrap such a cheese into breathing paper, as remains of humidity behind the plastic are likely to cause mold.

      Occasionally one may even come across a mold, that is edible, once I had this happening with brinza (soft fresh cheese), all the surface of which became covered in bluish mold (slightly different from greenish mold to avoid). When tested, that app

  • Significant losses of stored food has always been a part of the human condition, it is part of the tradeoff. If I buy a dozen eggs they have a chance to spoil before I eat them, if I buy eggs one at a time there is a chance that I won't have an egg when I want it. If I store away grain against drought there is a chance that rats will ruin it before it's used. The only difference between our condition and that of my ancestors is that if they didn't have food they went hungry, if I don't have food I order fro

    • One of the problems I have is my choices are a dozen eggs that might go bad or really expensive 6 pack from Whole Foods. I pick the dozen because they're still cheaper.

      Bread's the same way. I can't eat a whole loaf before it goes bad but I can't buy half a loaf.
  • Everything looks OK [youtube.com] to me.

  • This just reminds me of various roommates during and after college, and the variety of ways that food was wasted or not. One guy came back from Thanksgiving with a big huge plastic container of leftovers. He put it on the counter.... then somehow blocked/covered it up. A few months later when I was cleaning after everyone because I was sick of the mess no one else would take care of.... I find his 2-3 month rotten food. I've never seen something as horrifying as this food that had been rotting and gro

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