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Space

One Astronomer's Quest To Reinstate Pluto As a Planet 196

sarahnaomi writes: Most of us grew up believing that tiny, distant Pluto was the outermost planet in our solar system. Then, one day, the scientific powers that be decreed that it wasn't. But it seems the matter is far from settled. David Weintraub—who describes Pluto's exile as a stunt organized by a "very small clique of Pluto-haters"—would have the dwarf world rejoin the ranks of our Solar System's fully-fledged planets today. But solid evidence that Pluto deserves the title may come in July, when NASA's New Horizons spacecraft slingshots around the icy rock and sends us back a detailed picture of its composition. Pluto's planethood was revoked by majority vote on the final day of the 2006 IAU conference. Over 2,500 astronomers attended the meeting throughout the week, but only 394 votes ultimately decided Pluto's fate: 237 in favor of demoting the planet and 157 against.
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One Astronomer's Quest To Reinstate Pluto As a Planet

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  • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday February 28, 2015 @04:50PM (#49155479)

    Does this guy want to consider a bunch of other Trans-Neptunian objects as planets too? Because if he doesn't, he's probably either letting nostalgia or some other emotional attachment cloud his judgment. I don't mind having a half-dozen more "planets", but I'm sure my kids might get annoyed at having to remember all of their names.

    • by confused one ( 671304 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @07:29PM (#49156271)

      That's the general idea. You have to add all the objects that meet the criteria. The current criteria does not depend on characteristics of the object itself; the definition includes characteristics of the surrounding objects as well. I tend to agree with the argument that the current definition is wrong, for this reason.

      The Kuiper belt and scattered disk are where all the remaining stuff left over from the formation of the solar system ended up. It was pushed out there by the larger planets. Unless the body is very large, for example like Uranus, it's not going to be able to "clear it's orbit" in that region of the solar system. If another large planet did exist out there, it would probably scatter everything in it's orbit, effectively pushing the Kuiper belt and scattered disk further out. Any smaller body, perhaps even an Earth sized body, would be unable to clear it's orbit. So, if the Earth's double was found out there, you would have to call it a "dwarf planet" by the current definition. That doesn't make sense.

      • You have to add all the objects that meet the criteria.

        No you do not. you can create an exception into a rule quite easily. I before E except after C. See, a rule with an exception and the earth nor it's inhabitants suffered major catastrophe. And if you look, you will find words that violate those rules too.

        • by Anonymous Coward on Sunday March 01, 2015 @12:56AM (#49157299)

          I before E except after C.

          What a weird and foreign rule, with so many exceptions from the exception. A scietifically-minded species such as ours should have been sufficiently intelligent to create a more efficient spelling system than this. Let's just hope that future generations seize the opportunity to get rid of this ancient and inefficient spelling rule.

        • In science, if you're having to make exceptions to fit the rule to nature, then the rule doesn't make sense.

          • by khallow ( 566160 )
            Exceptions like "this rule only works for one star system"?
          • The rules make sense enough for the most part. There seems to be a couple exceptions to the rules in science that nobody cares about. For instance, Mammals give live birth- except for the platypus and spiny anteater. Eggs need to be fertilized- except in some bee colonies where male bees or drones develop from unfertilized eggs.

            There are plenty more and one more will not matter much at all.

    • Does this guy want to consider a bunch of other Trans-Neptunian objects as planets too? Because if he doesn't, he's probably either letting nostalgia or some other emotional attachment cloud his judgment.

      Or he realizes that the whole concept of a "planet" is just a historical curiosity from ages long past, was invented by people who had no idea what they were describing, and is thus bound to lead to problems in scientific context. Best delegate it to the realm of public relations, where it can serve a usef

  • As far as I'm concerned, if it's gravitation is enough to pull it into a sphere, it's a planet. Yes, I'm happy counting Luna and a bunch of other satellites. Let's face it, "Believing" has nothing to do with it. We grew up "choosing to label" Pluto as a planet.

    How many exoplanets pass the current IAU definition of 'planet'? I bet a bunch don't.

    • by rossdee ( 243626 )

      "How many exoplanets pass the current IAU definition of 'planet'? I bet a bunch don't."

      What jurisdiction does the IAU have outside this solar system anyway?

      If there are inhabitants of those exo-solar systems then they get to decide.

    • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday February 28, 2015 @05:30PM (#49155689)

      How many exoplanets pass the current IAU definition of 'planet'? I bet a bunch don't.

      I would bet that every single one of them does. Current exoplanet detection techniques are only sensitive to the big ones in close orbits. To detect something as small as Pluto, in a distant orbit in which it might not have cleared its orbital zone of debris (and so not be a planet, by the IAU definition), is well beyond our current capabilities.

    • by QuasiSteve ( 2042606 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @05:37PM (#49155735)

      As far as I'm concerned, if it's gravitation is enough to pull it into a sphere, it's a planet. Yes, I'm happy counting Luna and a bunch of other satellites

      Is the Sun a planet?

      We grew up "choosing to label" Pluto as a planet.

      At one time people grew up 'choosing to label' Venus as a star. Then we grew up some more and realized we may have been mistaken or at least felt we should have a more granular scale with more accurate definitions.

      • by waveclaw ( 43274 )

        Is the Sun a planet?

        Yes, the Sun is a planet by the older definition. But the new definition isn't much better*.

        The classification of what is and is not a planet changed over time. Now it is tied to some metrics involving orbits and gravity that doesn't even apply well in the Solar System let alone a different Star System.

        By the original meaning the Sun and Moon (of Earth) are also planets.

        There are 7 objects that visible to the naked eye (say 5.5 magnitude or less at best) which move with respect to the fixed stars (ever

    • by Beck_Neard ( 3612467 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @05:42PM (#49155759)

      Holy balls, how many times have we had this conversation? Will you people ever give it a rest?

      First of all, the IAU's definition is for technical and scientific discussions/communications. If you want to call Pluto a planet on your blog or whatever, go fucking wild. The IAU neither has the power (nor the desire!) to dictate language for all human beings for all time.

      Now about technical language. The purpose of technical language is to provide a common agreed-upon vocabulary that is consistent, precise, and efficient. If you named everything a planet, you'd lose precision. People would inevitable invent a new set of categories for the eight 'big' planets and the other 'smaller' planets. Some people's new terms would conflict with other people's terms. It would be a mess.

      On the other hand, if you named the 'big' planets anything other than 'planet', it would lose efficiency. They are the planets that are talked about most often, so it makes sense to give them a short, concise name.

      Yes, the IAU's definition of planet WAS DESIGNED explicitly so that the eight 'main' planets would be the ONLY ones in our solar system called planets. There are very good reasons for this and the IAU did its job quite well in this regard.

      • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

        Holy balls, how many times have we had this conversation? Will you people ever give it a rest?

        And queue yourself not giving it a rest.

        First of all, the IAU's definition is for technical and scientific discussions/communications.

        Scientific labels tend to be intentionally recognizably distinct from popular ones as lack of distinction is an invitation for ambiguity and confusion.

        People would inevitable invent a new set of categories for the eight 'big' planets and the other 'smaller' planets. Some people's new terms would conflict with other people's terms. It would be a mess.

        Yes this is what you get for "voting" rather than recognizing more work is needed to build consensus to get everyone save outliers onboard. 1/3 disagreeing isn't a consensus.

        On the other hand, if you named the 'big' planets anything other than 'planet', it would lose efficiency. They are the planets that are talked about most often, so it makes sense to give them a short, concise name.

        This sounds a bit lame as justifications go... lose efficiency? Since when are scientists in the business of conserving syllables? In astronomy e

        • Scientific labels tend to be intentionally recognizably distinct from popular ones as lack of distinction is an invitation for ambiguity and confusion.

          No, they don't. The only example I can think of for that is IUPAC organic chemical naming conventions, and that's because IUPAC naming conventions define an algorithm for naming an unbounded number of chemicals, even ones never mentioned before, unambiguously.

          Here are some short, simple scientific words from the top of my head that are often used differently by the non-scientific community:

          force
          energy
          work
          power
          theory
          weight (very similar to planet, the public often conflates weight and mass which are separat

          • fruit (hence the infamous debates about tomatoes)

            Tomatoes are axiomatic components of both pizza sauce and spaghetti sauce. You fuck with tomatoes, you are fucking with the fundamental forces that hold the universe together. Back the fuck off before you do something we'll all regret.

        • I'm just going to concentrate on your last point as all the rest have been taken care of by Your.Master.

          > This sounds a bit lame as justifications go... lose efficiency? Since when are scientists in the business of conserving syllables? In astronomy especially they seem to be preoccupied with naming things after _all_ the principals who discovered them.

          It's not just scientists, it's human beings. Language evolves towards better efficiency. That's why the word for 'house' isn't supercalifragilisticexpiali

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      by ideonexus ( 1257332 )

      Up until last Thursday night, I completely agreed with you. I thought that if an object had enough mass to pull itself into a sphere, it should be a planet. I thought the IAU's definition of planet was an offense to reason--well, I still think it is. Requiring an object to have "cleared its orbit" is a silly concept that would mean gas giants larger than Jupiter would be "Dwarf Planets" if they were found in a proto-planetary disc. The name, "Dwarf Planet," is completely stupid and offensive. How is a "Dwar

      • So what would you say if a ball of ice the size of earth were discovered in a normal orbit? Planet? What if it were close enough to the sun to generate an atmosphere, if not a tail. Technically speaking, earth is slowly bleeding atmosphere, which would show up as a tail with sensitive enough instruments.
  • by Anonymous Coward

    By any definition, it's either the 8 we have now, or 10 or 11. That's what started the Pluto mess, we discovered things bigger than Pluto way far out.

  • by Sperbels ( 1008585 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @05:08PM (#49155581)
    Don't make it sound so sinister. The vote wasn't to demote Pluto. It was a vote to settle on the criteria an astronomical body must meet in order to be a planet. This was necessary because we've found more Pluto like bodies, and chances are we'll find more in the decades to follow.
    • So what is wrong with establishing the definition as Criteria 1, Criteria 2, Criteria 3,etc., etc. or objects currently classified as planets? It's not like there aren't other classifications that we ignore if we choose to. We also are in no danger of some intelligent life from another solar system dropping by and saying "What? How is that a planet? It doesn't meet your own criteria!"
  • Karma (Score:5, Funny)

    by Livius ( 318358 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @05:14PM (#49155603)

    Pluto got what it had coming. It knows what it did.

    • Damn right, with a silly name like that. Like Hades already said, "what do they wanna call me in Rome? Pluto? I wouldn't even call my dog Pluto!"

  • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday February 28, 2015 @05:18PM (#49155617)

    If Pluto self-identifies as a planet then we should respect Pluto's choice.

  • by burni2 ( 1643061 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @05:26PM (#49155659)

    If that mission is worth a crusade:
    I now wish I had a death star I could fly to Pluto and blast it to pieces!

  • by Roblimo ( 357 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @05:26PM (#49155661) Homepage Journal

    1) Calling the entitled, greedy rich "Neptunecrats" doesn't sound right.
    2) Percival Lowell!

  • http://youtu.be/aq4UGiVEF80 [youtu.be] Just because a few scientists say something or vote on it doesn't mean it's that way for all time. I tell my kids there are 9 planets and Pluto is one. I wrong? It doesn't matter.
    • How about educating them on the real history and telling them about your personal disagreement with the new planetary designations?

      Personally, as I remember reading about how Pluto was non-spherical and had an overlapping orbit, and thought that it was rather odd for a planet. When I learned about other similar objects that were *not* considered planets, it also seemed fairly odd to me. I never gave it *much* thought of course, and just figured Pluto was to remain a "planet" purely for historical reasons.

    • "How many legs does a dog have if you call its tail a leg? Four. Calling a tail a leg doesn't make it a leg."

      --A. Lincoln (provenance uncertain)

    • Why would you exclude Ceres? The dwarf planet between Mars and Jupiter? It was also once considered a planet. It is round. Telling you kid there is 9 makes no sense. There is either 8 or more than 10+.
    • I considered Pluto to be a planet up until about five minutes ago. I came upon this picture [wikipedia.org] showing the major bodies that could also be considered planets. Being unfamiliar with Orcus, I decided to read its Wikipedia entry, and I came across this:

      Orcus is a plutino, locked in a 2:3 resonance with Neptune, making two revolutions around the Sun to every three of Neptune's. This is much like Pluto, except that it is constrained to always be in the opposite phase of its orbit from Pluto: Orcus is at aphelion

  • "Haters" (Score:5, Insightful)

    by Dogtanian ( 588974 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @06:03PM (#49155849) Homepage

    The efforts of a very small clique of Pluto-haters within the International Astronomical Union (IAU) plutoed Pluto in 2006

    Yeah, that's right. They were "Pluto-haters". Not just people who happened to hold a different opinion he doesn't agree with.

    That's not to say that you have to agree with their position, nor the way they went about having Pluto stripped of its status. But to ascribe their actions to the fact they personally "hated" Pluto- rather than simply believing that it couldn't justify its status as a planet- is somewhat childish.

    I don't know if he meant "haters" in present-day sense (i.e. with its "haters gonna hate" connotations et al), but I've always had contempt for that usage. It's a cheap and easy way to counter anyone you don't agree with, to depersonalise and dismiss them in as people who hate purely because they're "haters". To make it a personal beef and a partisan issue rather than one of simple disagreement on a particular matter- one which would require legitimately addressing what they're actually saying instead of trying to puff yourself up in the cod-macho bullshit "them versus us/me" manner of an adolescent who's either immature enough to see things in that light, or has nothing to say beyond the convenient "haters gonna hate".

    Seriously, step away from the gangsta rap and stop acting like a f*****g fourteen-year-old.

    • They were "Pluto-haters"

      Yep. Haters gonna hate. Pluto gonna er... plut...?

  • ok. i'm confused. /. is not helping.
  • by dltaylor ( 7510 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @06:57PM (#49156155)

    Even people in science careers are not immune to significant irrationality (I know, hardly Earth-shattering news).

    When my grandmother was young, there were only eight planets, plus a few largish asteroids, then someone discovered another. As our instruments improved, we found many, many more "wanderers". We also learned how how their composition varied, and that there were more-descriptive categories to apply to the various bodies not only in this stellar system, but others.

    It is utterly irrational to continue to collect Pluto into the same category as the eight other major rocky/gassy/icy Sol-orbiting bodies (the traditional "planets"), and NOT include the dozens of KBOs, TNOs, etc. that also orbit Sol https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Solar_System [wikipedia.org].

  • Analogy (Score:5, Insightful)

    by TMB ( 70166 ) on Saturday February 28, 2015 @09:26PM (#49156721)

    Here's an analogy I gave my students last week...

    Imagine you're an alien and you land on Earth in front of a pet store. You go inside and you start meeting dogs. Some are big with a loud deep "WOOF", some are small with a quieter higher "ruff" and there's one little one that goes "meow". Some of them have big floppy ears, some of them have little floppy ears, and that little one has sharp pointed ears with tufts on the end. You think "That little meowing dog with the pointed tufted ears is an unusual dog!"

    Then you go onto the rest of the pet store and find a whole bunch more small meowing things with pointed tufted ears, and you say "Oh... I see. That wasn't a funny dog, that was just the first cat I met!"

    Pluto was the first Trans-Neptunian Object we met, and so we originally called it by our existing language ("planet"). But once we had a much better lay of the land, it became clear that it was just the first example of a quite different type of object.

    [TMB]

  • Whether not Pluto is a planet is simply a matter of checking against the definition. If we, in doing so, find the definition either to be too vague to allow us to classify Pluto, or we find the definition lacking - then we can have a discussion about fixing the definition. And after that, deciding whether Pluto is a planet or not is a cinch. So, it this guy has valid arguments about the clarity or completeness of the "planet" definition, by all means lets have that discussion. Although I also fail to see h
  • If atoms could still be called atoms, even after it was discovered they aren't indivisible, I see no real reason that Pluto could not still be considered a planet, even though it does not actually meet the criteria for a planet today.
  • Pluto's surface area is about 1.6x that of the land area of the United States. (or Canada or China, which are all similar in size). But you couldn't fit Russia or Antarctica onto Pluto. I'm not sure if this is an argument for or against Pluto, but it helped me better grasp the size of Pluto.

    The surface area of Ceres is a little less than 1/3rd the land area of the United States. It's truly too tiny to be a planet. But it's my favorite dwarf planet.

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