Half-Male, Half-Female Fowl Explain Birds' Sex Determination 117
Kanan excerpts from a BBC report out of Scotland: "A study of sexually scrambled chickens suggests that sex in birds is determined in a radically different way from that in mammals. Researchers studied three chickens that appeared to be literally half-male and half-female, and found that nearly every cell in their bodies — from wattle to toe — has an inherent sex identity. This cell-by-cell sex orientation contrasts sharply with the situation in mammals, in which organism-wide sex identity is established through hormones."
Kanan also supplies this link to some pictures of the mixed-cell birds.
silly (Score:3, Informative)
Re:Changing Sex (Score:3, Informative)
No... I’m thinking those species would have sexes which were entirely hormone-driven.
That’s basically the exact opposite of the chickens, in which sexes apparently have very little to do with hormones, and are entirely based on the genetics of the cells.
Humans would be somewhere in between. A man will grow breasts if you give him enough hormones, but you’ll have to do something surgically to change the penis...
Re:Object-sex-oriented? (Score:5, Informative)
This might go a long way towards explaining gynandromorphism in birds. In mammals, maleness is handled in a top-down fashion- the Y chromosome does not explicitly specify most aspects of the male phenotype, instead simply encouraging the cells that go on to make androgens, which then go on to produce a cascade of developmental effects throughout the body. In birds, the Z and W chromosomes both may have enough genes that sex determination can be handled from the bottom up, locally in each cell.
Re:What took so long? (Score:3, Informative)
Seriously. What I'm inferring from the article is that you can see the difference in the cells, e.g. male vs. female....
Yeah you can see that their sex chromosomes are different.
So how the hell have they never noticed that female and male birds have these slightly different cells before, and reached the non-hormone driven conclusion before this?
Because to notice this you have to specifically study the birds who have cells that are mixed between male and female, and then notice that the sexual characteristics vary over the same organism in accordance with which cells are male and which female.
Otherwise, you're just observing that a chicken is genetically male or female, and has male or female traits. That doesn't distinguish between a per-cell sexual determination, and mammals' overall hormone-based one.
Re:Changing Sex (Score:1, Informative)
> A man will grow breasts if you give him enough hormones, but you’ll have to do something surgically to change the penis...
The female is the base body type for humans. Everyone starts with a "female" body, but men produce chemicals called androgens that turn them into men. With things like AIS, people who are genetically male can end up with what appear to be female bodies.
So, basically, you have it backwards. The androgens make female-looking bodies into males. There's no reverse of that (e.g. you can't ungrow a penis).
Re:Interesting (Score:3, Informative)
Re:Object-sex-oriented? (Score:3, Informative)