MacGyver Physics 165
counterfriction writes "This month's issue of Symmetry, a magazine jointly published by SLAC and Fermilab, is featuring an article that points out the sometimes extemporaneous and unconventional solutions physicists have come up with in (and out of) the laboratory. From the article: 'Leon Lederman ... used a pocket knife, tape, and items on anyone's grocery list to confirm that interactions involving the weak force do now show perfect mirror symmetry, or parity, as scientists had long assumed.'"
Changes over time? (Score:5, Funny)
As compared to last week, when they didn't.
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Re:Changes over time? (Score:5, Insightful)
An experiment which isn't repeated again and again by as many people as possible is a meaningless experiment. That's one of the reasons why undergraduate physics students are given classic experiments to (re)confirm themselves in labwork.
Re:Changes over time? (Score:5, Insightful)
The real reason undergraduates get those classic experiments is to teach them how to do experiments, the limits of their instruments, how to record all relevant data, the difference between accuracy and precision, etc. The big experiment being done is actually on the students themselves, to see if they've learned to do reliable experiments. You absolutely do not want to do sensitive experiments with students whose reliability and even whose honesty have not yet been tested in lab work with known expected results.
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I'm not so much suggesting that anything they do should be published, I'm suggesting it's their job to verify the old experiments for themselves, because they (some of them) will be the scientists of tomorrow, and as such they are the witnesses of physics.
It would be a waste for researchers to replicate old experiments exactly, obviously. However it would be wrong for nobody to replicate old experiments (or their equi
Re:Changes over time? (Score:4, Interesting)
I might be going off the deep end here, but the fact of the matter is, the universe is expanding quite rapidly and there is nothing that says that physics constants can not change over time. One "constant" that has changed and actually is not a constant at all, is the fine-structure constant (Read this to mean: the electric charge. ) The coupling of photons to electrons change, effectively changing the electric charge with distance. Hence, the fine-structure constant is known as a running-coupling constant. There are experiments under progress right now that are trying to measure the fine-structure constant from very-far-away galaxies, or back in time. Ok, maybe I am talking about cosmological scales here, but it would be funny if humans evolved, and some billions of years later, someone reading about some experiment like Rutherford's re-did it and got different results...
Back to the subject: yep, it is pretty crucial to get undergrads to repeat old experiments, especially ones like P-violation, Moessbauer, optical-pumping, muon-lifetime, which have all contributed to our current understanding of physics as a whole. Afterall, if they continue in physics, they might be stuck on experiments like mine, where one does not get data for the next "n" years. (I consider myself a physicist now for 10 years and have not been on a running and data collecting experiment yet. I am very happy that I got to do all those old-experiments in my undergrad years. Good old junior lab... )
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Let's not be too hasty here. Changes in the fine structure constant have been proposed to account for some cosmological observations, but the evidence is spotty, with the best evidence indicating that it is NOT happening. See, for example, http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn7285 [newscientist.com]
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Year 950653: "Soylent Green is NOT people!"
Re:Changes over time? (Score:5, Interesting)
There is a beautiful essay by Feynman about the classical rats-in-a-maze experiment, and how the scientist discovered that he had to change many conditions of the maze before the rats would learn how to run the maze themselves, instead of relying on other navigational information.
Feynman also comments that this scientist's work with rats was more or less completely ignored, and the rest of the field continued to run their rats-in-a-maze experiments the traditional old-fashioned way.
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The rats and maze stuff is in the bottom third or so.
Re:Changes over time? (Score:5, Informative)
And last week they most certainly didn't! The actual article stated the following:
Couldn't the author of the slashdot post have at leased used the cut and paste features of his computer?
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I'm sorry. That's not the mark of great scientists. That's the mark of self-important assholes despite the outcome.
Re:Changes over time? (Score:5, Interesting)
Great mind, horrible human being.
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Re:Changes over time? (Score:4, Interesting)
Now there's a lot of "don't-knows" in that little story, but that goddamn student is in the lab at an hour that I wouldn't consider normal working hours (on the weekend, no less), so it's probably safe to say that he/she's been working on that experiment for quite some time or simply just having a bad luck of getting elbowed all the time so there's no other hours available. Imagine waiting for a time slot in a lab and then when you're finally can get some work done, it's suddenly getting ripped apart by someone who has already elbowed your time many times over. If I were in that position, I would be considerably pissed and very likely to do something about it.
The point being, even if you're Einstein and Newton incarnate combined, you have no right whatsoever to do whatever you please to anyone else. Lederman should have the decency of helping the student to put his/her experiment back to the way it was before, it's very plausible that he has the ability to. However, judging from his tone of no regret in the interview, most likely he didn't care and just left the student to pick up the pieces of his brilliant experiment.
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I hope Lederman did help the student out later, I really
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I'll say he's lucky. Most grad students get treated the way a colleague of mine treats his more attractive female grad students. Except without the tenderness and condoms. And no breakfast or cab fare home.
Seriously, the treatment of grad students is something that bothers me about academia. Some of it comes from professors having been treated the same way when they were grad students, so now they feel obliged to pass the sh
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Most likely, he just happened to be the one on the beam at the time. "Ripped apart" in this case probably doesn't really mean disassembled. Probably they simply removed his equipment from the line so they could do their own experiment, but his equipment probabl
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Now, your comment about 2 am on a weekend being an odd time to find a graduate student in the lab... what are you studying again?
Re:Changes over time? (Score:4, Insightful)
Genious is about using the spark when you have it. If you come in at 9 and take off just past 5 you're nothing but a corporate drone. I've worked both side and let myself be bogged down by administrativia to know that this is the best way to kill inventiveness.
If you don't have the guts to risk a sleepless night and spend a week restoring the damage you have done to the lab, you don't deserve to find answers.
Your self-righteousness is the true mark of self-important bureaucrats.
Re:Changes over time? (Score:5, Insightful)
Them destroying the ongoing work of another person just to save themselves a little bit of work shows a supreme lack of not only ethics but of decency.
Science is more than just a result on a data sheet. It's also the path you take to get there (if you decide it is proper to go there at all).
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Fascinating science with poor equipment is gr
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Apparently lying, cheating, and stealing is okay as long as it's in the name of science. *sigh*
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I think this is getting a little blown out of proportion. The other person in this case is not an unrelated party. The downtrodden grad student was working at Lederman's direction, using equipment provided by Lederman, on projects set to Lederman's priorities. If Lederman decides, a 6pm on Friday night, that his priorities now favor a different direction,
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It's far too common for PhD's to destroy (or outright steal, as another has mentioned) the work of grad students for various reasons (such as they don't care, because they can and they enjoy it, to further themselves through someone else's work...)
It's great that the guy finally decided to do something right and include the grad student in the credits, but who's to say what the discoveries of the grad student might have lead to?
As I said before, science i
Person (Score:5, Funny)
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Re:Changes over time? (Score:5, Insightful)
It is a matter of being an asshole, genius or not.
I agree with you about the 9-5, and the need to grasp inspiration on the spot to keep creativity alive.
But that is no excuse to trample over other people's work without asking for their permission / collaboration.
You may be very convinced of your own genius and inventiveness. Good for you.
But you might as well be destroying more important, time-consuming, work by other geniuses in the room.
If you don't have the guts to work the extra sleepless night setting up your own experiment, or (gasp) actually asking for the help if needed, then you really didn't deserve to find the answer.
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That remark reflects the arrogance of "genious." Did it ever occur to you that the bureaucracy exists because unchecked inventiveness, can do more harm than good. Or that "corporate drones" come in at 9 and leave past 5 because they have responsibilities, like taking care of their kids.
I also get annoyed at the corporate hoop jumping to get something done, but I've also been on the other side of things cleaning up the mess of somebody
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Doh! My 2am spelling is par for the course.
/. case of self-righteousness being blindsided by facts. Many have told us the true story of that grad student which paints a different picture.
Many things occur to me all the time, but I can't stand "think-little" bureaucrat who can't see both sides of the equation. Here we have the usual
That one-sided drivel perme
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I don't get it: Fermilabs has published this story themselves, without any mention of how this student was compensated for having his work lost.
Is this what they rea
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I've known a number of PhD's and while some of them were very cool and worked with the other people in the building, there have been more than a few who thought that their work was the most important thing in the world and that it didn't matter what they did to get where they were going.
I'll let you gues
The "mysterious" grad student's name. (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Changes over time? (Score:4, Funny)
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If you cut and paste, it's theft! Retyping, on the other hand...
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Sorry. It annoys me.
Typo in summary (Score:3, Informative)
s/now/not/
Though I like the parent's suggestion better . . .
But what happened to the... (Score:5, Funny)
Re:But what happened to the... (Score:5, Funny)
You can prove this with two polarizers at right angles if you crumple up a piece of chewing gum wrapper and stick it between them. When held up to a light source, only the light that goes through through the chewing gum wrapper makes it through the second polarizer- the rest is all dark. And since the rotation is frequency dependent, the chewing gum wrapper is glowing in multiple colors. Especially if you do a good job when you crumple it up. It would look great on TV.
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Doctor Who (Score:5, Insightful)
So I think to myself, "How does this guy always get out of these crazy situations?
"He's like some time-traveling MacGyver," I think to myself as I switch over to trusty, old Slashdot, only to see that same name right off.
List of problems solved. (Score:5, Interesting)
Re:Doctor Who (Score:4, Informative)
Re:Doctor Who (Score:5, Insightful)
Blasphemer!
Dr. Who is not like some time-travelling MacGyver, MacGyver is like some temporally-impaired Dr. Who.
There's a hell of a difference.
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The original hardware store experiment (Score:5, Funny)
Re:The original hardware store experiment (Score:5, Funny)
Or has it?
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Yes.
No.
don't be so inconclusive .. (Score:2)
Re:The original hardware store experiment (Score:5, Interesting)
Ever wonder why the cat doesn't count as an observer? What does it feel like to be alive and dead at the same time? Do you have to have a soul to observe life or death?
Re:The original hardware store experiment (Score:5, Informative)
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Well hello Captain Obvious!
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Your use of the irrealis is apparently entirely appropriate there.
Re:The original hardware store experiment (Score:4, Funny)
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Re: The original hardware store experiment (Score:2)
I recently read about quantum d [wikipedia.org]
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Re: The original hardware store experiment (Score:2)
Re:The original hardware store experiment (Score:5, Interesting)
Re: The original hardware store experiment (Score:2)
Re:The original hardware store experiment (Score:5, Funny)
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Re:The original hardware store experiment (Score:4, Informative)
Better use for a cat (Score:2)
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A hundred meters of fishing line weighs a coupe of grams at most, if it didn't snag that would be no problem for the cat. The only problem I saw with that story is how to control the cat. He would probably lie down in the middle of the tube to sleep a few hours, before he got hungry. Then he would get out the same side he went in. That is, unless they pushed a small dog after him, but then the line would become a tangled mess. Well, maybe they first sent
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Maybe if you send a dog after it.
It makes me think of an episode of Studio 60 where there's a missing poisonous snake under the stage. The animal handler then sends a ferret after it. Then the ferret wouldn't come out, so they send a coyote after it...
Maybe it would have been better to put an LED laser on the cat's head so he'd chase the point through the tube. Of course they didn't exist then, so the dog it is!
big deal (Score:5, Funny)
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You know you're reading /. (Score:5, Funny)
Tells you something about the audience.
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Sounds like a strange way to run the Schrödinger cat experiment.... any interesting results?
Re:big deal (Score:5, Funny)
All possible girlfriend wave functions collapsed instantly! :P
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I've put more thought into this than I really should have.
***Oh, how perfect, the word in the image I have to type to submit my post is insert.***
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Maybe inside the jar, behind the plastic wrap, to simulate the muscles of the vaginal walls?
I've put more thought into this than I really should have.
You're telling me. Ew.
MacGyver Physics According To Engineers... (Score:5, Funny)
MacGyver's resourcefulness was secondary... (Score:2)
An optimist sees a task in every problem.
A pessimist sees a problem in every task.
The Article (server /.'d) (Score:4, Informative)
Masters of Improv
Photo: Reidar Hahn, Fermilab
World-class detective Angus MacGyver of the hit 1980s television show MacGyver could jury-rig almost anything with duct tape and a pocket knife. High-energy physics labs demand as much and more from technicians and engineers, relying on their creativity and intelligence to navigate technical quagmires. And when a problem demands it, they deliver--engineering tiny cameras mounted on bocce balls that snake through 10,000 feet of steel piping; rigging a 13-ton cement block to bash deformed brass into shape; or aiming a high-powered laser around corners to unblock water lines. Unlike MacGyver's fixes--such as the fuse he repaired with a chewing-gum wrapper--some of these devices last.
An improvised grinder
An improvised grinder sanded welds along the long, straight sections of 10,000 feet of pipe at Fermilab. The sander within the rotating silver cylinder cleaned each weld.
Photo: Fred Ullrich, Fermilab
Leon Lederman, the Nobel Prize-winning former director of Fermilab, is a legendary lab MacGyver. He used a pocket knife, tape, and items on anyone's grocery list to confirm that interactions involving the weak force do not show perfect mirror symmetry, or parity, as scientists had long assumed. Just as a watch hand always sweeps clockwise, nuclei of atoms eject electrons in a preferred direction as they decay, rather than spraying them randomly. The technical term for this is "parity violation."
Intrigued by the experiments of Madame Chien-Shiung Wu, Lederman called his friend, Richard Garwin, to propose an experiment that would detect parity violation in the decay of the pi meson particle. That evening in January 1957, Lederman and Garwin raced to Columbia's Nevis laboratory and immediately began rearranging a graduate student's experiment into one they could use. "It was 6 p.m. on a Friday, and without explanation, we took the student's experiment apart," Lederman later recalled in an interview. "He started crying, as he should have."
The men knew they were onto something big. "We had an idea and we wanted to make it work as quickly as we could--we didn't look at niceties," Lederman said. And, indeed, niceties were overlooked. A coffee can supported a wooden cutting board, on which rested a Lucite cylinder cut from an orange juice bottle. A can of Coca-Cola propped up a device for counting electron emissions, and Scotch tape held it all together.
"Without the Swiss Army Knife, we would've been hopeless," Lederman said. "That was our primary tool."
Their first attempt, at 2 a.m., showed parity violation the instant before the Lucite cylinder--wrapped with wires to generate the magnetic field--melted.
"We had the effect, but it went away when the instrument broke," Lederman said. "We spent hours and hours fixing and rearranging the experiment. In due course, we got the thing going, we got the effect back, and it was an enormous effect. By six o'clock in the morning, we were able to call people and tell them that the laws of parity violate mirror symmetry," confirming the results of experiments led by Wu at Columbia University the month before.
Another giant figure in physics, founding Fermilab director Robert Wilson, is the hero of a widely circulated tale.
MacGyver-mania
MacGyver aired in more than 40 countries between 1985 and 1992, in some cases leaving a lasting imprint on the local language. In South Korea, for instance, call a knife a "Maekgaibeo kal" and people know you mean the Swiss Army-type knife the TV character carried. Malaysians call their pocket knives "Pisau MacGyvers" or just plain "MacGyver knives." In Norway and parts of Finland, duct tape is sometimes called "MacGyver tape."
Ernie Malamud, a physicist at Fermilab, remembers working with Wilson during his graduate studies at Cornell. The pair wanted to use helium gas, often used to fill balloons, to locate a leak in the glass vacuum chamber; but they discovered the hose from the
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"Without the Swiss Army Knife, we would've been hopeless," Lederman said. "That was our primary tool."
After which he developed the now famous Lederman tool. [leatherman.com]
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MacGyver and physics don't mesh (Score:4, Interesting)
Seriously though. Why associate ingenuity with a tv show (even if it's a good one)? It's like describing math breakthroughs as "reminiscent of the TV show 'Numbers'". These shows are inspired by the real science more than they inspire it.
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Re:MacGyver and physics don't mesh (Score:4, Insightful)
It's why Superman can fly and stop trains by standing on the tracks and letting them slam into him with his hands out in front. People don't care about E=mc2 when they want to be entertained. The opposite is also true. No one cares if MacGyver's physics were accurate, it just was like "Whoa all MacGyver and shit!"
Oblig Simpsons Quote (Score:5, Funny)
They used a student's experiment (Score:2, Insightful)
Just like MacGyver. Look how MacGvyer creates a nuclear reaction with just this hammer, chisel, coke bottle, string, 300mL of acetone....oh and a nuclear reactor.
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All I can say to suppliment my previous statement is that if the scientists don't have the ethics to not destroy someone else's work in order to further themselves, how can we trust them to be ethical with the really big stuff?
The old Ian Malcom quote from Jurassic Park comes to mind - "Your scientists were so busy seeing whether or not they could, they never stopped to think if they *should*."
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If it makes you feel any better, I don't eat offal. =]
Dear MacGyver- (Score:5, Funny)
Enclosed is a rubber band, a paper clip, and a drinking straw. Please save my dog.
Re:Dear MacGyver- (Score:5, Funny)
Please find your dog attached. Don't thank me - thank the moon's gravitational pull.
Sincerely
MacGyver
My schtick (Score:5, Interesting)
Of course. (Score:4, Funny)
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Macgyver: The college years! (Score:4, Funny)
(warning: rated PG-13)
Episode 1 [youtube.com]
Episode 2 [youtube.com]
Bending spacetime in the basement (Score:3, Informative)
Bending spacetime in the basement" [fourmilab.ch]
Check out the timelapse movies at the bottom of the page to see gravity in action.
Of course there's always Dick Feynman... (Score:5, Interesting)
C-clamp: $1.79
Styrofoam cup of ice water: $.50
Watching the expressions on the faces of NASA scientists who had inconclusive data from millions of dollars of testing? Priceless.
Also he allegedly was the only person to see the Trinity blast - as he figured the auto windshield glass would protect him from the UV, just as long as he ducked before the blast wave hit the glass.
Plus the one about Enrico Fermi at Trinity: he put some pieces of paper on the ground, scraped their start and finish positions in the sand with his toe, and based on the distance moved, the paper mass, and the distance to the blast, estimated the yield pretty darn close for that method.
speed of light - chocolate version (Score:2)
Bob Tinker - speed of light with an Apple ][ (Score:3, Interesting)
He was demo-ing some of the bank street labs software, including the graphical sound scope on the Apple ][.
He did with a caller on the air, and when he recorded, we got some feedback from the open phone audio.
Bob quickly realized that the echo was going up to the bird, back down to the caller, and thru the phone lines. Hmmmm.
He quickly changed gears, told the caller to stay on the
Not quite: CP Symmetry (Score:3, Interesting)
No that just means that parity is broken oppositely for matter and anti-matter. If you are refering to the combined symmetry i.e. doing a parity inversion followed by switching all matter from anti-matter then this is know as CP symmetry (C=charge conjugation [matter <-> antimatter] and P=parity).
Fortunately the CP symmetry is broken too but the effect is a lot smaller than parity viola