The Sierras of Titan 167
eldavojohn writes "Cassini has detected the tallest mountains on Titan, a large moon of Saturn. More importantly, clouds have also been detected in Titan's atmosphere. Why is this news important? Well, as scientists scan the skies for the easiest piece of mass to colonize, things that resemble Earth's geology & atmosphere are going to require the least effort & resources. These mountains mean that Titan may have tectonic plate movement similar in some ways to earth's. From the article, '"You can think of Titan as the Earth in deep freeze," said Dr Rosaly Lopes, Cassini radar team member at the US space agency's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "It has a lot of the geological processes that Earth has. In fact, it is more Earth-like than anywhere else in the Solar System. But the surface is very cold; it's about minus 178C."'"
Kurt Vonnegut Jr. (Score:5, Interesting)
There have been experiments on the abundant chemicals [wikipedia.org] on Titan [wikipedia.org] done by astronautical & nuclear engineer Robert Zubrin [wikipedia.org] who has been quite influential in the proliferation of humans to other pieces of mass ASAP.
While you may be able to argue that these experiments were too early or had inherent flaws within them, they were done to try to prove that a "chemical revolution" could occur on Titan similar to what we theorize happened on earth early on. I haven't heard many people address the fact that it could have taken billion of years to progress on earth but I am quite interested to see if there is a way to engineer bacteria to break methane down into oxygen or some other gas that we could potentially exploit to make oxygen.
As you may have seen in other media, Titan is often used [wikipedia.org] because of these experiments. It's a bit of a romantic dream but these mountains are just a little more to add to the possibility.
Oh, I also forgot to include a link to the Cassini-Huygens mission [esa.int] which has images, videos, wallpapers and all that jazz of Titan and its mountains.
Not a good place to colonize (Score:4, Interesting)
Titan isn't a good place to live, but it is an awesome place to explore. Imagine a hot air balloon flying over these mountains and the lakes and rivers and the giant sand dune seas. Without UV from the sun to degrade the balloon's envelope and with plutonium to heat up the air inside such a balloon could last pretty much forever.... or at least until the plutonium is used up.
Re:Not a good place to colonize (Score:4, Interesting)
Two possible solutions:
(1) restrict the inside of the colony to 0C. Not unthinkable - keep in mind that the native peoples of the Arctic used to live in ice houses. Place a nuclear reactor on stilts on top of the ice layer and transmit power to the colony using electricity or even insulated steam piping.
(2) how deep is the ice layer? Melt through and place the colony either in a pit or at the bottom of a columnar artificial lake with an access tunnel to the surface.
-b.
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Re:Not a good place to colonize (Score:5, Interesting)
The Earth analog -- a simpler challenge, but a challenge nonetheless -- is permafrost. If you build a house on the ground in many parts of Alaska, your foundation will crack as you slowly melt the permafrost beneath you. One solution is to build the house on stilts to leave an airspace beneath you. A more extreme option is used by the trans-alaska pipeline, which has heated fluids moving through it. Parts of the pipine are supported by columns that contain ammonia and extend into the permafrost. In the summer, the permafrost loses heat as usual, but in the winter, they get a cycle of ammonia boiling off in the permafrost, rising, cooling on the radiators, and descending to chill the permafrost down. They basically store up their summer heat during the winter.
Oh, and the ice on Titan is extremely deep. Much of the planet, actually.
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things that resemble Earth's geology & atmosphere are going to require the least effort & resources.
I'm sorry butif Titan has an Earth like geology wouldn't that make it a reason to avoid it. If it has quakes like Earth then you have to worry about making your colony survive those two. And if teh atmosphere is not friendly to humans (it's not) then getting a crack in your building is going to
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Man, just imagine the global warming FUD you'd have to put up with in a Titanese colony...
[So long karma.]
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"People of Titan: if we do not change things, in another nearly 200 degrees Celsius, we're going to have a major problem."
Re:Not a good place to colonize (Score:4, Interesting)
One thing noted for all landings was that they would essentially have to be autonomous. You don't have the luxury of having a human review landing sites because the latency is too long for the vehicle to wait for you to tell it where to go. So, it will involve software that picks terrain features that look "interesting". Humans can tell it which way to go when it leaves next, and modify its priorities for what it views as "interesting", but the actual choice will be up to the craft.
I can't wait to see a mission like this get underway.
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If you're using an RTG for power, why not just use the waste heat to make your hot air? RTG's produce way more heat than power (they aren't very efficient)
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Not only would you have to keep your colony on Xanadu warm from the cold, but you'd have to keep your warmth in or you would melt through the surface
What's the big deal? Build your colony on huge stilts to keep it physically separated from the surface.
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No metals would work, nor even concrete. So what were you suggesting, or hadn't you thought it through?
Let's say carbon steel, with a thermal conductivity of 54 watts per meter-kelvin. Imagine a carbon steel stilt, 10 cm in radius (20 cm diameter), and 5 meters tall. In reality, a stilt would probably be hollow or I-beam shaped (a solid bar 20 cm across is way overkill), so this calculation OVERESTIMATES the conducted power. Assume the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the stilt is 20
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My original point is it would not be as easy as the first poster suggested. Nothing about Titan makes it a good place in the solar system to colonize. Mars is much better... even Earth's moon or asteroids would be easier.
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Heck you could use some sort of aerogel... if you have the technology to put giant beams of 'carbon steel' on Titan, you should be able to come up with a high strength aerogel.
I chose carbon steel because it has a relatively high thermal conductivity, so it would be hard to argue against the numbers. Yeah, obviously steel is not the sort of material you want to be bringing to Titan.
Also, since Titan has a surface gravity about 1/7th that of Earth, any supports you use won't have to be nearly as large
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don't you want low thermal conductivity (e.g. aerogel)? You want to insulate the surface from your heat, not conduct it to the surface (that was the GP's point)
Mars is probably a smarter choice, but it would not be IMPOSSIBLE to set up a colony on Titan, at least not because of the heat issue.
It wouldn't be impossible to put a colony on Venus, or even Jupiter either (ala Cloud City in Empire Strikes Back)... just really, really hard.
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don't you want low thermal conductivity (e.g. aerogel)? You want to insulate the surface from your heat, not conduct it to the surface (that was the GP's point)
I chose steel because it's a very poor choice. If even a very poor choice is okay, then a GOOD choice is even better, no?
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Actually, I'm really enjoying this global warming. Summer was mild here in the northeast USA, and we're halfway through december and have only seen a few days of freezing weather. Sweet!
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Unhappily, the long term effects of his 'influence' have been mostly negative. It doesn't take long for most people to figure out that he's an egotistical asshole whose 'science' consists mostly of handwaving, vague and incomplete analysis, and wishful thinking.
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TFA refers to a range of mountains on Titan. The correct usage would be Sierra, the term for a range of mountains in Spanish.
As a photographer and snow sports person, this is a just a simple pet peeve, but the usage is exanding, and for those who know what Sierra means, "Sierras" grates on the ears. Sierra is already plural in Spanish - no need to add an s.
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I wholeheartedly endorse Robert Zubrin's goals. In fact, I take every opportunity to proliferate myself to other pieces of...
Oh, wait a minute. Didn't see the 'm'. Never mind.
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Also, neither "alps" nor "sierra" appear to refer to a plural, even though the -s ending of "alps" may create that impression. (While "alp" also exists as a word, it was a back-formation from the original "alps".)
A long drive (Score:2, Funny)
So... (Score:5, Funny)
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Ah... parenthood.
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December 22nd is the Winter Solstice, which is actually mid-winter, not the beginning of winter. I can't figure out why the US mistakenly calls this the beginning of winter, other then the fact that it is a
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Water Ice (Score:4, Informative)
While surface features may be analogous to those found here on Earth, they're made out of entirely different things...
Well, there went MY idea.... (Score:3, Funny)
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*I know this isn't how global warming works, it's a joke
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Boy.....you're right.... (Score:2)
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Cold you say? Why thats nothing (Score:5, Funny)
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Big deal! You only had to that one way. Try doing that going uphill both ways!
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A Proposition (Score:2)
Or the Winston Range.
or (Score:2)
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Cold, and HOT too, right? (Score:3, Insightful)
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No radiaiton at Saturn (Score:5, Informative)
The only two planets with substantial radiation belts are Jupiter and Earth (i.e. the Van Allen belts). At Jupiter Io and Europa are in the belts, Callisto is too far out, and Ganymede has its own magnetic field that would protect spacecraft near it from the radiation.
BTW, the sort of radiation in these belts are electrons and energetic ions of regular stuff like Hydrogen and Oxygen. Not neutrons.... which makes it a little easier to protect against.
Resembles Earth? No way! (Score:4, Informative)
Why is this news important? Well, as scientists scan the skies for the easiest piece of mass to colonize, things that resemble Earth's geology & atmosphere are going to require the least effort & resources.
Titan's atmosphere and general environment doesn't resemble Earth in the least. Hence, this sentence makes no sense. We've already found the few pieces places that are easiest to terraform, namely Mars, Venus, and perhaps Europa. Anything in orbit around Saturn won't qualify as "easiest", just because of temperature and energy flux from the Sun. You would need to find a long term energy source to heat the moon up to temperatures at which liquid water exists and and to enable photosynthesis . Either Titan gets moved or you make a local energy source. Terraforming the Moon is probably as easy.
Also, implied is confusion between colonization and terraforming. People can settle Titan, but they probably aren't going to make it Earth-like. In which case, any plate techtonics and geological activity may be very undesirable.Re:Resembles Earth? If you squint at it, yeah! (Score:3, Funny)
Nahh, simply push that gas giant over the edge so she ignites into a second small star in the solar system.
quite easy, just start flinging crap into it until the mass get's high enough to start up the furnace.
Sheesh, you science types have to make everything so difficult.
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I don't consider atmospheric pressure that useful. But let's see. It has the four basic elements: hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, all in what I'd consider abundance. It's too far away from the Sun to get useful solar power. Surface gravity is slightly weaker than the Moon, but it has a higher escape velocity (because it is less dense, but more massive than the Moon). It'll be a long way from the rest of civilization (both in terms of orbital dynamics and by light-speed communication). That means it'
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The Genesis I prototype space station has a six inch thick skin, most of which is there to protect against micrometeorites. So it need not be that bulky. The overpressure inside the station provides most of the structural integrity.
Second, I calculate that a centimeter thick layer of silica aerogel with a 200K drop in temperature would leak around 60 watts per square meter. Not bad, if the volume enclosed generates enough heat. But the aerogel layer will need protection from damage. So I really don't see
Ice mountains (Score:2, Insightful)
Heating (Score:5, Funny)
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As they say in the pacific northwest (Score:2)
Cold? No problem! (Score:3, Funny)
not gonna work (Score:4, Funny)
Antarctica is a lot warmer (Score:5, Insightful)
It is a lot warmer in Antarctica and the easy-to-reach place has plenty of oxygen and water. If we really are running out of room, the continent should be colonized first...
Heck, if the "Global Warming" fear-mongering is even partially true, the continent will only become better — and it already is much better than any extra-terrestrial body.
That no settlements (as in "villages", not science labs) exist even on this much more habitable place is just a sign, how far off space colonization really is... I think, some South America's country(ies) tried to pay people to live there (just to claim territory, pretty much), but it still failed...
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And having the area around you melt away why trying to ahve a regular town is not a good thing.
Yes I KNOW there is land undernither, I'm talking about the ice bits.
Putting humans off planet help give a chance for the species to survive and thrive.
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Even before it was protected by treaty there was no great rush by people to settle there. It's simply too inhospitable.
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It's the same reason people live in ugly mining towns; not because it's a nice place to live, but because there's a paycheck.
For the forseeable future, colonization of other planets and moons won't be for the purpose of spreading large numbers of humans across the solar
All these worlds are yours... (Score:5, Interesting)
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Huh? Sorry, I'm not into Pokemon.
Re:All these worlds are yours... (Score:4, Funny)
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Sweet (Score:2)
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"now if sould moce it closer to the sun."
should be:
Now if we could only move it closer to the sun.
Earth in deep freeze... (Score:3, Insightful)
Think about it. What is the best Earth alternative we could realistically hope to find?
Want to colonize "Earth in Deep Freeze?" Antarctica isn't too far away. If nothing else, it has plenty of water and even oil. And if Global Warming gets as bad as some fear it might, Antarctica might not end up being such a bad place! Or what about colonizing the bottom on the ocean? Certainly that would be easier than traveling half way across the solar system... or farther.
Seems to me that Earth would have to be all but vaporized for it to be much worse than any place you could find in outer space.
-matthew
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2) The technology needed to go to other planets and make the livable would help us with understanding what needs to be down here to make things nicers.
3) As we expand our knowledge, we may find earth like planets, and having a technology base for travelling through space will be a very good thing.
4) It's cool
5) Contrary to what most people spout off, the space program generate new business and more taxdollars then it co
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50 years later we have massive improvements in telecommunications, accurate weather forecasting, GPS, major breakthroughs in solar power, and a whole host of other new technologies that we discovered along the way. As with most science, you don't
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-matthew
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One of the smartest people alive, Professor Stephen Hawking, has recently stated that we should be colonizing other planets [iht.com]. He seems to think there is a practical drive for it - I would tend to trust his judgment in this matter over a random /. poster.
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Yes, it could get much worse. A not-very-large rock hitting the Earth could liquify the entire surface of the planet. How's that for getting much worse?
orbits the sun opposite earth (Score:2)
But Seriously -- someday we'll really do this. Or at least try
Space Shuttle @ Station (Score:3, Insightful)
Oh, Wow! (Score:2)
Sign me up! (Score:4, Funny)
Has anyone started sellings plots of Titan moon land yet?
Interesting find... (Score:3, Interesting)
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1.) Detonate ancient pyramid in Central America
2.) Colonize Mars
3.) Convert Phobos into a giant spacecraft
4.) Let some 300 years pass
5.) Get saved from the Pfhor by a rampant AI (thanks, Durandal!)
6.) ???
7.) Get thoroughly beaten up by the Covenant, blow up a couple space rings
It's the Seven Step Plan To Get Our World Dominated By Someone Else and we're going to stick to it!
Seismic is good? (Score:2)
Um....wha? (Score:5, Insightful)
That's a rather meaningless (or outright WRONG) statement.
Mars: tectonically dead or nearly so. Dust storms but no real analogue to Earthly seas, precipitation, or geological processes. Ability to colonize? Relatively easy.
Titan: mountains, clouds, precipitation, "seas", etc. Ability to colonize? Extremely difficult.
Similarity to Earthly processes is meaningless. There are plenty of Earthly processes that make things HARDER, not easier.
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Disappointing (Score:2)
Here we are having a nice scientific discussion, and you had to bring PORN into it. Sheesh
Rather rough comparison (Score:2, Funny)
Isn't that a little like saying the bodies in the morgue are better friends than anyone else I know ?
They're friendly, they'll sit there and listen to me for hours, they're just a little cold on the surface.
Higher Than Highest (Score:3, Informative)
I get the Vonnegut pun in "The Sierras of Titan". But none of "the" Sierras [wikipedia.org] are even the tallest in the US (or North America). Alaska's Mt McKinley [wikipedia.org] is taller. While Everest [wikipedia.org] (and over 100 others) in the Himalayas [wikipedia.org] are taller than any in the Andes [wikipedia.org] from their somewhat arbitrary base, the equatorial Andes start at the 26mi "high" equatorial bulge.
So Aconcagua [wikipedia.org], the tallest of the Andes, is the farthest peak jutting into space. Aconcagua rises the highest from the Marianas Trench [wikipedia.org], the lowest point in the Earth's crust, atop the equatorial bulge. Thus it is the closest to our solar neighbor (at least half the time, during its rotation with the Earth, anyway).
One might better call them "los Andes de Titan", or whatever that translates to in the whistle/crackle language spoken on Titan.
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I'm fascinated by the fact that the closest approach to Earth from space is the crater mouth of an (extinct) volcano. It's almost like a docking interface.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariana_Trench [wikipedia.org]
The trench has a maximum depth of 10,911 meters (35,798 ft) below sea level. Taking into account its latitude and the Earth's equatorial bulge, this puts it at 6,366,400 meters (3,955.9 mi) from the center of the Earth. The Arc
Wow. Clouds, huh? (Score:2)
And like a tree falling in a forest, if you have a cloud inside a thick haze, would anyone notice?
You meant to say.. (Score:2, Funny)
I'm there (Score:2)
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