The End Of The Light Bulb? 434
sdmonroe wrote to mention an MSNBC article discussing the likely eventual replacement of common light bulbs by LEDs. That replacement is likely to come quicker thanks to an accidental discovery announced this week. From the article: "Michael Bowers, a graduate student at Vanderbilt University, was just trying to make really small quantum dots, which are crystals generally only a few nanometers big. ... When you shine a light on quantum dots or apply electricity to them, they react by producing their own light, normally a bright, vibrant color. But when Bowers shined a laser on his batch of dots, something unexpected happened. 'I was surprised when a white glow covered the table,' Bowers said. 'The quantum dots were supposed to emit blue light, but instead they were giving off a beautiful white glow.'"
Something new for moths? (Score:5, Funny)
well, likely not. (Score:5, Interesting)
We had for many years yellow colored standard bulbs, as they don't attract bugs.
we started replacement with yello fluro twist bulbs, to save on electricity and replacement costs.
in research, it turns out, we can use white fluro-- as they only emit light in a very narrow spectrum of white light, unlike an ordinary filament bulb.. and the range they do emit light on, suitable for humans, does not attract bugs.
I'd guess these low power led lights also emit white light on a very narrow band....
Re:well, likely not. (Score:5, Informative)
thank you.. (Score:2)
so these would still attract insects, but provide a fuller light experience for humans as well, than fluro..
This is awesome! (Score:3, Interesting)
LEDs vs Dots (Score:4, Informative)
Single freqeuncy LED light (high effiency but ugly/annoying color) will be used to generate the initial light. This will hit a thin film of dots which will reradiate the light as white light that makes humans happy.
Saves costs as you only need one LED and multiple LEDs do not really match sunlight anyway.
Of course the article claims no heat is produced!
Re:well, likely not. (Score:2)
no, it is NOT a contradiciton (Score:5, Informative)
or I can combine a 3 beams each of a very precise wavelength of red green and blue, and end up with WHITE.
a narrow spectrum of white.
very perception based.. I may see it as pure white, you may be more sensitive to one of the three, and therefore see it as green or blue or red tinged.
a bug may not see it at all.
Re:no, it is NOT a contradiciton (Score:3, Informative)
Thus it is possible to have light which appears white to a group of men, but not to a group of women.
Even more troublesome, it is possible to have two objects which appear the same colour to one group of viewers under two different light sources, but appear different colours to anoth
Re:no, it is NOT a contradiciton (Score:5, Informative)
That's not true. At any brightness level, an equal combination of red, green, and blue will be perceived as white. It doesn't have to be "an overbrightness".
There are an infinte number of white light spectra. You seem to be defining it very narrowly as an incandescent white, but that is not the standard definition of the term.
Perhaps, but... (Score:5, Informative)
Combining narrow spectrum RGB sources can work to produce whatever perceived color you want, as in a display. It does not work for all reflective lighting needs, so a solid state broad spectrum source still fills a need.
Re:no, it is NOT a contradiciton (Score:3, Informative)
If a given "white" light fails to reproduce the same perceivable colours, then it is not truly white for lighting purposes beyond locating things. "Narrow-band" white is suitable for convenience and security but not for decoration where it can completely skew the colour scheme.
Re:well, likely not. (Score:5, Informative)
but yes, a narrow spectrum of white, I found a good picture here
http://www.truesun.com/Litetube.htm [truesun.com]
roll down to where there are three bulb types listed.
note the incandescent bulb rolls up from blue to red
note the fluroscent has three spikes of blue, yellow and red
the missing bits, including the missing UV and IR at the ends, include whatever attract bugs.
so yes- a narrow band of white light......
Re:well, likely not. (Score:3, Informative)
maybe, but here's a way better article (Score:3, Informative)
http://exploration.vanderbilt.edu/news/news_quant
Re:Where the Blues Go (Score:3, Informative)
Web Release Date: October 18, 2005
Basically though: Magic-sized nanocrystals are so small that the electron wave function has significant overlap with the selenium surface sites.17,18 Therefore, any hole trapped on the surface would likely encounter the electron before nonradiatively relaxing to the ground state.
Quantum yield is cur
A return to white street light (Score:4, Insightful)
I've never liked yellow-orange streetlights. It's one of those things that never gets noticed. But the difference can be really appreciated if you go to a wealthy neighborhood where white light bulbs are still used. However, unless you're older and white, it's going to be a short time before the 'security guards' drive up with tasers and ask you what you're doing. If you're truthful and tell them that 'you're digging the cool white groove of the light, baby', then they will do what all mercenaries do when encountering a civilian harmlessly enjoying life, they will kidnap and assault you for their amusement.
Anyway, a return to soft white lighting in the night will be most welcome.
Re:A return to white street light (Score:3, Interesting)
I know what you mean though. I do hate the way they look. The orange glow even makes trees look creepy.
Re:A return to white street light (Score:3, Interesting)
bright and obnoxious. I much prefer the muted look of the
sodium vapor lights. Especially from the air. The yellow
lights are much more pleasant to view. What would be really
nice is if we could change them to our liking. I have one
of those bright white lights in the street outside my house.
If it had knobs on it where I could change its spectrum, that
would be cool. My ex-wife's neightborhood has no street
lights at all - which I really prefer
LED lights (Score:5, Interesting)
Re:LED lights (Score:2)
"LEDs don't emit heat" (Score:4, Interesting)
(I hate scientifically-illiterate journalists.)
Re:LED lights (Score:3, Interesting)
After a little research, it appears that LEDs have been designed that surpass the efficiency of compact fluoros, but these are not on the market yet. More info on on Wikipedi [wikipedia.org]
Efficient Lighting (Score:3, Interesting)
Thanks for the link, I bookmarked the homepage to explore the site. I noticed one thing on the page where it says there's a problem with Fluorescent lights, "Use halogen lighting for outdoor applications where temperature causes problems with fluorescents." I lived in Florida and never had a problem using them outdoors and I currently live in Minneasota and haven't experienced problems here either. I've lived and used CFLs in both heat and cold without problems.
FaclonThis brings up an important question (Score:5, Funny)
Re:This brings up an important question (Score:5, Funny)
Re:This brings up an important question (Score:2)
Re:This brings up an important question (Score:2)
Also, if you can locate where the light bulb is in your house, you won't be able to tell if it is on or off.
leds (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:leds (Score:2)
I will go to leds when they meet my budget....just a matter of time.
Or the time of matter, since you can't measure both due to Heisenberg.
It's about damn time! (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:It's about damn time! (Score:4, Funny)
Kind of like most slashdotters!
Re:It's about damn time - We need a new Moderation (Score:3, Insightful)
....Tag.
Considering that the average lightbulb creates more heat than light... Kind of like most slashdotters!
I tried to moderate your comment and had to give up in the End as i couldnt decide whether You were Funny or Insightful.We need a new "Funny Because True" Tag.
Re:It's about damn time! (Score:5, Informative)
As lightbulbs create about 95% to 98% heat (the rest is light), and modern LEDs about 85% to 96% heat, the LEDs still create more heat than light.
reference [wikipedia.org]
Re:It's about damn time! (Score:2, Interesting)
I should really google for the state-of-the art visible LED efficiency, but am hoping for someone to post a more informative post following this one.
Re:It's about damn time! (Score:3, Informative)
Re:It's about damn time! (Score:5, Informative)
First, LEDs are current driven, not voltage driven. The voltage difference between + and - determines the amount of current the device will consume, but if you can regulate the current you can run the device at 100V no sweat. You will of course need to dissipate any additional heat (usually in the device you're using to do the current limiting, sometimes a resistor, sometimes a more exotic circuit) created, but the very important thing to understand about LEDs is that their current absolutely determines their light output after you surpass a certain threshold voltage.
The relationship between the +/- voltage difference and the amount of current consumed is not the same for every kind of LED. LEDs require different chemistry in order to produce different colors, and this makes them have differing performance characteristics.
And another thing to consider is how the LEDs are packaged. Some 8mm packages have 4 chips inside and their rated light output is measured at a regulated input current of 80mA and not 20mA as for most single-chip devices. Also, some blue devices consume 30mA while reds only consume 20mA. Again, this depends on the chemistry. Now, also, taking packaging into consideration, a Luxeon device from Lumileds and a BL-3000 from Lamina Ceramics have totally different performance characteristics because of their chemistry, construction, packaging, and so forth.
You have two choices: Limit the voltage so that the device does not consume as much current, or limit your current and ensure that the voltage simply exceeds the maximum. Ultimately you need to regulate the current because the amount of current consumed (taking into consideration the device's ultimate efficiency) is directly proportional to the amount of heat generated in the chip itself.
You see, LEDs don't generate heat in their light path (radiant infrared travelling in parallel with the visible light, like the "heat" of the sun or a candle), but the chip itself does get rather hot, and if that heat isn't dissipated the LED chip will become physically damaged. Some [wikipedia.org] of [wikipedia.org] the materials used have melting points below 120 degrees, a temperature easily achieved by an LED not properly heatsinked.
So here's some tips: When you make LED boards (whether addressable matrices or simple blinky lights) you want to use a metal-core PCB or leave a portion of the LED's leads exposed in order to help dissipate the heat generated at the chip core and ensure longer chip life. LEDs don't just "burn out" one day, they will get dimmer slowly over time, and you can maximize that length of time by running them at less than their rated current, by cooling them actively or passively, and by using PWM to modulate their output.
Don Klipstein maintains a good set of information about LEDs: http://members.misty.com/don/ledx.html [misty.com]
Re:It's about damn time! (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:It's about damn time! (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:It's about damn time! (Score:2)
Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:5, Interesting)
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:2)
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:5, Interesting)
Bulb Efficiency (lumens per watt)
[1] Why LEDs can be 10 times as efficient as incandescents in some applications but not in general home lighting! [misty.com]
[2] Are fluorescent bulbs really more efficient than normal light bulbs? [howstuffworks.com]
I'm a bit surprised at those fluorescent numbers... I don't have the box to one of my fluorescent bulbs handy to double check that, but I do know that while not as hot as incandescents, they become very hot to the touch when in use. I've never touched a lamp sized LED bulb however.
One disadvantage of fluorescents is that they contain mercury. Newer fluorescents may have found a way around this however; I'm not sure.
Not surprisingly, many of the websites I saw talked about future improvements in LED tech with goals around 100 lumens per watt.
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:3, Informative)
Panasonic GenIV, 14W 800 lumens (57.1)
- Very small bulb that can fit into any place that a regular bulb would fit (although it's not round)
Generic 26W, 1600 lumens, 10k hours (61.5 lumens/watt)
Generic 9W, 540 lumens, 10k hours (60 lumens/watt)
Prices on the CF bulbs have gotten a lot better over the years, most of them are down around $6-$7 for a single bulb compared to $10-$20 a few years back. The fact that you don't hav
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:3, Informative)
Typical incandescent lighting comes in somewhere around 2800-3200K. White LEDs live somewhere around the 5000-7000K range. When an efficent LED source can be made at a color temperature similar to that of incandescent lighting...then you'll see it take off in as a replacement for a standard A Lamp.
This same color issue relates to the slow adaptation of Co
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:4, Informative)
Completeness of spectrum is another issue. Cheap fluorescent tubes have huge mercury spikes and little red - maybe 55% on the accuracy scale. Good tubes achieve 95% - a marked difference. This is independent of the colour temperature.
White LEDs (at leat the ones you commonly buy today) are also fluorescent, but with pretty decent spectral accuracy. It would at least in theory be possible to build an RGB array of monochrome LEDS that would produce apparent white light.
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:2)
I never said it was a good idea, just that IMO this is what is holding up the adoption of white LEDs. This is what people expect.
Completeness of spectrum is another issue.
Yes, Color Rendering Index rating is also an important factor that I did not mention. However, isn't the CRI index also tuned to incandescent lighting, because this is what the eye expects?
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:3, Informative)
The eye can adjust to color temperatures quite well. What the CRI measures is the completeness of the spectrum, not the temperature. The color temperature is based on only the summed effect of the different frequencies. You can have vastly different spectrums that result in the same color temperature, for example in a television where only three different fairly narrow bands are used to produce a wide range of colors.
Two problems with using such narrow bands is that different people have different frequ
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:2)
> similar color temperature to incandescent lighting.
I specified flourscent fixtures that have a similar color temperature to incandescent lighting more than thirty years ago.
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:4, Interesting)
The mid 19th Century was home was lit by natural gas (if you could afford it) or by kerosene and other petroleum based lamp oils (dangerous).
Think for a moment how fifty to seventy-five years of experience with gas illumination affects interior design, men and women's fashions, cosmetics, etc.
There were real barriers to change, Competition to Edison's Lamp [si.edu]
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:2)
White LEDs are not that efficient (Score:2)
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:2)
From the article, LEDs produce twice as much light as a regular 60 watt bulb. I'm really not sure how to think about all of this. If LEDs produce twice as much light as a regular 60 watt bulb, how does that make LED lights better than compact fluorescent bulbs, which can produce four to five times as much light as an incandescent bulb of the same wattage?
What is missing i
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:2)
Re:homepower.com must be biased (Score:3, Informative)
HomePower said the experiment was performed to compare lights suitable for task lighting, as opposed to room lighting; then they avoid using a CFL with a reflector that is suitable for task lighting. In other words, they lit up the entire room with the CFL, but concentrated the light output of the LED bulb only onto the measuring photocell.
Makes you wonder about the results of anything else in that magazine.....
Someone else pointed out to me that in the following issue of "Home Power" they printed a c
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:2)
As yet, LED light
Re:Not sure this discovery is necessary (Score:5, Insightful)
No- many things are holding back LEDs.
I know everyone thinks they are the second coming of Christ, and they do have some wonderful applications (like traffic signals and car brake lights)...but they're not the end-all be-all.
Oh no! (Score:4, Funny)
"How many
No Effing Way!!! (Score:3, Interesting)
Florescent tubes are FAR superior to LED lights and yet so many people prefer good old incandescent lights to even florescent tubes. Hell, even something as simple as a flash light. Try an LED flash light and then try a xenon Mag Light and tell me which one rocks your socks.
LED lighting is one of those technology "revolutions" that are for the sake of technology. They are NOT better.
The greatest discoveries... (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:The greatest discoveries... (Score:2)
Re:The greatest discoveries... (Score:5, Informative)
Isaac Asimov
"The most exciting phrase to hear in science, the one that heralds new discoveries, is not 'Eureka!' but 'That's funny...'"
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Isaac_Asimov [wikiquote.org]
Re:The greatest discoveries... (Score:2)
Schroedinger's Bulb (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Schroedinger's Bulb (Score:2)
It's actually really good when you have a hot girl over and you want the light on while she wants the light off.
Re:Schroedinger's Bulb (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Schroedinger's Bulb (Score:2)
From the FAQ on LEDs (Score:5, Informative)
Low power consumption - energy saving,
Long lasting,
Cold lighting,
Ruggedness,
Small size and weight,
Fast switch times,
Simple to use.
This is from the FAQ, but it doesn't list any disadvantages..
anyone care to share?
Re:From the FAQ on LEDs (Score:5, Informative)
Like Fluorescent, requires supporting circuitry -- doesn't plug directly into AC wiring.
Cost (initial investment)
Harder to dim -- can't use simple rheostat
Flicker (if using less than 100% on time)
I don't have anything against LED lighting, and none of these disadvantages are insurmountable. Indeed, these could be viewed as business opportunities instead. Most of the disadvantages are shared with fluorescents, and adequate solutions already exist there. I know a guy who lights his whole off-grid house with LEDs (using low voltage DC wiring). I particularly like the possibility of creating variable color lighting with LEDs, emulating daylight, sunlight, tungsten or whatever.
Re:From the FAQ on LEDs (Score:2, Insightful)
AC vs DC (Score:5, Interesting)
If lighting were go to DC, then a re-think of the home wiring would really be in order. If there were a "standard" DC voltage and current available to lower power devices, we might not have wall transformers with anything from 3v-12v hanging off our surge supressors.
So in-house DC makes lots of sense. Send the AC to things like ovens and clothes dryers, and DC to most everything else.
Re:AC vs DC (Score:3, Interesting)
To repeat, and I'll type slowly this time, a large number of devices in a house today run on low voltage DC. If you don't count the light bulbs then I'd venture a guess that most of the electrical devices in a house today are low voltage DC. Since the orginal article sugges
LED disadvantages (Score:5, Interesting)
Also LEDs are NOT yet more efficient than fluorescents. Their data sheets never give the one number that really matters: what percentage of input energy actually emerges as light? The answer is usually frighteningly low. Therefore LED devices tend to cook themselves to death if run really bright.
To run LEDs stably requires either a wasteful series resistor or an expensive semiconductor constant-current device. And cheap low-voltage power supplies are actually badly life-limited by their electrolytic capacitors. In my experience many LEDs die prematurely because of a failing power supply and hot sunshine.
Don't get me wrong. LEDs are the future, but you must be wary of calling them energy-saving, long-lasting, or easy to use!
We'll need a replacement for the Goodyear Blimp! (Score:5, Funny)
Re:We'll need a replacement for the Goodyear Blimp (Score:5, Funny)
(Note to mods: that's not a spelling error).
Re:We'll need a replacement for the Goodyear Blimp (Score:2, Offtopic)
FTFA (Score:3, Funny)
Answer: $$$
Ideas of the Future? (Score:5, Funny)
Smoke. That's one thing that I don't see changing any time soon. Not for me, anyway.
Re:Ideas of the Future? (Score:5, Funny)
Thinkgeek (Score:4, Informative)
http://www.thinkgeek.com/gadgets/lights/7aa8/ [thinkgeek.com]
Of course, you could always make your own.
http://www.etgtech.com/update/products/super_flux
LED efficiency versus Compact Fluorescents (Score:4, Informative)
CFLs are inexpensive and readily available today. CFLs have a long life, and they save a ton of energy when compared to traditional light bulbs. Even more importantly, they don't suck like the CFLs of a few years ago that had a noticeable/painful "warm up" time.
I save quite a bit off of my energy bill [blogspot.com] by using CFLs. They really cut down on electricity consumption, and I've never had one "burn out" on me. Ever. Yet.
Only two problems... (Score:2)
The first is that the bulbs still have a warm-up time. Sure, they light right away, but it can take several minutes before they're at maximum brightness. This can be annoying, say, in a kitchen or other work area where I need all the
Re:LED efficiency versus Compact Fluorescents (Score:3, Interesting)
Costly Quantum Dots (Score:5, Interesting)
Current LEDs are not there yet (Score:5, Informative)
The current generation of compact fluorescent bulbs has come a long way from the ones I remember 10-20 years ago. They don't have the flicker or startup problem anymore, and they are available in a variety of color temperatures from 2700 degrees (yellowish, comparable to incandescent) to 6100 degrees (white, sterile). For the same light output (lumens), energy consumption is normally 22% to 27% of the incandescent bulbs they replace. They very slightly in things like color and wattage depending on the manufacturer.
Nobody who has visited my home has yet noticed the difference.
Since you can find common CF bulbs sizes for under $2 per unit (try Sams Club, etc), and they should last 4 to 8 times as long as an incandescent, the economic case is pretty sound even before factoring in the energy savings.
I replaced 4x 7.5 watt bulbs with LED bulbs and noticed a few things. The LED bulb itself is about twice as large, and as others have mentioned, the light emitted is an eerie blue-white light. You defiantly notice it. These bulbs consume 0.8 watts and produce an output pretty close to the 7.5 watt bulbs they replaced, though I could not find the output in lumens for either bulb anywhere. They were about $7 a bulb, and are rated to last 100K hours, or about 50 times as long the bulbs they replaced. Since the bulb is actually made of up 18 individual LEDs inside, I believe the rating is for the mean time until 50% of the LEDs are no longer functioning.
After converting 152 of 160 bulbs in my home, my electric bill happy.
Mixed reviews from me (Score:3, Interesting)
Once they're up and running, they're bright, ni
Re:Mixed reviews from me (Score:3, Informative)
I've recently converted my apartment to CF bulbs as well, and I've noticed mixed results in this regard. The Noma 60W equivalent bulbs in my hall and bedroom lighting fixtures don't exhibit this problem -- or if they do, the brightness differential is so minimal that I don't notice. They come on immediately and are at full brightness immediately (or at least as fast as I can perceive).
I also have a dimmable 100W equiv
Re:Current LEDs are not there yet (Score:2)
Are the bulbs on a timer of some kind?
Re:Current LEDs are not there yet (Score:3, Interesting)
I have a huge 45w (200w equivalent) CF in my garage. Going on 3 years, still works great. And it's even base-up.
I've had a few CFs burn out within a few months, too. I think some of them just have manufacturing defects.
Re:Current LEDs are not there yet (Score:3, Informative)
led's, worse than flourescents. (Score:3, Interesting)
led's emit a very cold light. Fourescent light is described as cold and "vitamin burning", but led light is even worse in this respect.
It works for headlights, emergency beacons, and select areas, but generalized room lighting is not one of those areas.
As a lighting design student... (Score:5, Insightful)
they already do this with blue LED's! (Score:2)
Perty white light... (Score:2, Funny)
I bet Marie and Pierre Curie thought something similar at one point. "Hey look, this lump of weird metal that we produced is glowing so pretty... hey, if I put it in my mouth, my eyes glow too! Fun!"
From TFA (Score:2)
A Dollar sign?
Still a way to go yet. (Score:2, Interesting)
However even though it looks brighter in fact it's less so and seems to accentuate shadows MU
Would I need a laser? (Score:2)
Why it's still not time for White LEDs (Score:3, Insightful)
Low CRI (Color Rendering Index) that means bad illumination compared to incandescent
Low temperature of operation (120-150C max)
Most electronic design that include hi power LEDs (such as LUXEON http://lumileds.com/ [lumileds.com]) need to take in account hheat transfer.
Incandescent's days may be numbered (Score:3, Informative)
Right now, I'm happy with my CFLs: for the wattage needed to light my living room and foyer with incandescents (140 watts), I can light my whole apartment on a dark October day. It's definitely a mood-lifter to not have to worry about my electric bill, or have the place look like a funeral home.
OTOH, incandescents may not be so quick to fade away: the efficiency of tungsten filaments can be significantly increased by using crystals instead of wires [sandia.gov].
White glow... (Score:3, Funny)