NASA Debates How And When To Kill Hubble Telescope 555
Amy's Robot writes "The Washington Post reports that after 13 years of wear and tear, the Hubble telescope may be on the way out. NASA and some outside scientists have become involved in a heated debate about how and when to end the Hubble telescope program. Keeping Hubble in service until 2020 would require an extra maintenance visit by astronauts at a cost of at least $600 million. Some even worry the batteries could fail by 2010, since the next maintenance visit has been delayed by the Columbia accident and space station priorities. Is it worth maintaining our old friend Hubble, or should NASA let him go out in a blaze of glory?"
I already know.. (Score:5, Funny)
"How And When To Kill Hubble"
Professor Plum will use the candlestick in the library next Tuesday.
Re:I already know.. (Score:5, Funny)
Re:I already know.. (Score:5, Funny)
For the time being. (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:For the time being. (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:For the time being. (Score:5, Informative)
Re:For the time being. (Score:4, Informative)
Re:For the time being. (Score:3, Funny)
Re:For the time being. (Score:2)
Re:For the time being. (Score:4, Informative)
At least until there is a replacement (Score:2)
It doesn't have to be the ultimate scope, but we should have a visible light observatory, located outside our atmosphere.
Re:At least until there is a replacement (Score:5, Informative)
Frankly, IMHO, the obsession with true-color images has more to do with public relations than true science. After all, some of the most interesting, recent discoveries have been in the ultra-long wavelengths (eg, WMAP) and the ultra-short (eg, Chandra).
Re:At least until there is a replacement (Score:5, Insightful)
Physicists probably won't care much about other star systems while they're struggling to unify special relativity and general relativity, but plenty of other branches of science will. So don't dismiss visual wavelengths.
Re:Don't underestimate PR (Score:3, Informative)
Next generation (Score:2)
Re:Next generation (Score:3, Insightful)
The James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled for launch in 2011, is designed to observe the universe in infrared wavelengths required to study the most distant galaxies as they accelerate outward.
But the problem is...It will not produce the spectacular visible wavelength images for which the Hubble is celebrated.
So no more great picutures of the universe like Hubble is famous for. I say that it is well worth the 600 mil to keep it up til at least 2020. As inspiration / bac
Hubble Slide Show (Score:5, Interesting)
Re:Hubble Slide Show (Score:3, Funny)
$600 Million (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:$600 Million (Score:2)
Re:$600 Million (Score:2)
Re:$600 Million (Score:5, Informative)
Re:$600 Million (Score:2, Informative)
Re:$600 Million (Score:4, Informative)
Re:$600 Million (Score:2, Interesting)
Not the same, but you can't ignore the price.
Bring it Back? (Score:2, Interesting)
Could they bring it back down? (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:2)
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:2)
Geeks would know that the shuttle returning heavy payloads to Earth has been depricated because of safety concerns.
Hubble isn't going to come back, except in a blaze of glory with the possibility of free Tacos for everyone on the planet.
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:3, Interesting)
This may be... (Score:2)
Re:This may be... (Score:3, Funny)
"Sorry Bob, but we're still a little too heavy for reentry. You're gonna have to get out and wait for the next shuttle...
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:4, Informative)
I think the HST is too heavy for the shuttle to bring down. The mass that they can lift is significantly larger than the mass that they can return to Earth.
Actually it was designed to be brought back to Earth in the shuttle cargo bay for servicing, repair, and later relaunch. However later (not even the most recent) safety add-ons meant that the shuttle is now unable to retrieve it from orbit.
Al.Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:4, Informative)
Actually... They would have to grab it all at once. Once you power it down, it will start to spin and tumble. Once that happens, you can't grab ahold of it again.
Some micro sats are spin stabilized. The have a bar magnet mounted in them to align one axis with earths magnetic field, and a smaller cross magnet to limit the spin rate... The source of the spin? They paint one side of the antenna radials black. Sunlight then spins 'em like a radiometer globe you might find on someone's desk. That's all it takes to start something tumbling up there!
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:2)
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:5, Informative)
"Before the Columbia accident, NASA intended eventually to have a crew of astronauts maneuver the 43-foot-long telescope into a cargo bay and bring it home for installation in the National Air and Space Museum as an inspiration for future generations. A general unwillingness to subject astronauts to such risks for a museum exhibit, among other things, eliminated that option, Weiler said. "
but I know... that's from the second page : )
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:5, Insightful)
I think it would be stupid^H^H^H^H^H^Hoverly optimistic to de-orbit Hubble until the new Webb space telescope is launched and fully tested. After all, how dumb would NASA look if it destroyed a perfectly good piece of equipment, and then its replacement fubared because of a mismatched washer or something.
And right now, the plan is to do just that, to bring down Hubble before Webb is even launched, to save a few (million) bucks in Hubble operational costs. And the big debate is that everyone with any sense, and any sense of history, is telling them (NASA penny pinchers) that they're crazy.
"A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush." Something NASA should consider before taking penny-wise, pound-foolish steps.
Cheers!
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:2)
I'd say if the astronauts in question are willing to do it (as I'm sure they are, they are all aware of the risks every time they go up) then it's a moot point.
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:3, Interesting)
In fact, at a meeting in Washington this past summer to debate the future of HST, one of the most interesting presentations was by the editor of Sky and Telescope. He pointed out that despite the optimistic timelines for launching new satellites, not a single one has come in on schedule, and in fact HST itself was delayed for seven years beyond the projected launch date. "few [amateur astronomers] will put any faith in NASA's claim that HST's successor wil
Re:Could they bring it back down? (Score:3, Interesting)
Wouldn't that be a fun newscast... What are the ownership laws over space objects, anyway? I suppose there must be a treaty of some sort to discourage satellite hijacking. How about abandoned space junk?
They should bring it back. (Score:2, Interesting)
This may sound idealistic, but whether they choose to prolong the mission or not, NASA should definitely consider bringing back the Hubble. It has tought us so much about the universe, and it's such a great piece of History that it's worth to be displayed in a place like the Smithsonian.
R,What Worries Me (Score:2)
Somehow there needs to be a way to gaurentee a next generation before ditching our current technology.
Re:What Worries Me (Score:2)
Given the design of NGST, it might even have less mass than HST because improvements in optics technology will eliminate the need for the long and heavy structure that the HST needed. I wouldn't be surprised that NGST will use adaptive optics for improved focus.
Is it possible... (Score:2, Interesting)
Here's an idea... (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Here's an idea... (Score:2)
I think I could find some better [ebay.com] uses for it, such as financing a massive Cocaine-smuggling operation. Now all I have to do is look up smuggling in an encyclopedia so I'll know how to go about my brilliant plan. (obligatory Office Space reference)
Re:Here's an idea... (Score:2)
Hubble trouble? (Score:3, Interesting)
Seriously, without knowing how much work is involved, would it be possible for NASA to retreive Hubble with a shuttle after a routine mission had been completed? Hubble has taught us so much it deserves to be retained in a museum somewhere. In a way, it's been as important to astronomers and astrophysicists as perhaps the Wright brothers' flyer was to aviators. It would be a crying shame to let it just burn up in the atmosphere.
Is it worth it? Yes and No. (Score:2)
It's already beyond its original expected mission lifetime. It's worth maintaining, if it were just a matter of money and labor and willpower.
However, the very real issues of the unforeseen logistics hurdles can really shift the equation. Shuttles don't fly this year. Congress is in a cut-taxes, cut-spending mode. Space Station gets the focus of any meager space program priorities in the interim.
Ebay the remaining observation time (Score:5, Insightful)
How much have we looked at? (Score:3, Insightful)
If it's the former, let it die and make a new, stronger and better one and send up. If it's the latter, fix it up and keep it running so it can continue to do its thing.
Kjella
Re:How much have we looked at? (Score:3, Insightful)
Hubble 2.0 - the design principle (Score:5, Interesting)
To me, it seems like destroying Hubble is not a fitting end to a tool that has built so much for us for over a decade.
So I wonder, why are devices like Hubble not built to be retooled - built with some type of standard socket connections so batteries, comupters, lenses, etc. could be more easily upgraded by swapping out major units and bolting them together on a frame just like a computer?
Would a shift in design principles not be the ultimate homage to Hubble, that it would live on as inspiration for developing space exploration devices that were upgradable?
Re:Hubble 2.0 - the design principle (Score:4, Informative)
The problem isn't that they didn't plan for it... the problem is that you have to keep maintenance to a minimum, because it requires real people to go into space at a cost of millions of dollars to do work on an EVA... not the friendliest work environment.
The second problem is that, while they considered it, the gyros on the telescope failed way before the MTBF rating would indicate. They are presently running on 2 out of the original 6 gyros; the original design was that they could lose any 3 and continue to run; some very smart software was developped before the fourth one was lost so that they could continue to run. Just plain ol' dumb luck that those 4 failed so quickly however. But it loses one more gyro and it's a goner...
Hubble still has four working gyros (Score:4, Interesting)
How and when to kill NASA (Score:2, Insightful)
Turn the shuttles over to the USAF, let them launch one of them out of Vandenberg when they have to, and dump the Government-funded civilian space program.
Further work on space propulsion systems should
We already know how it will end... [humor] (Score:5, Funny)
Anyone who has seen Mystery Science Theater 3000: The Movie knows how this will end...
"Mike killed the Hubble! Mike killed the Hubble!"
Re:We already know how it will end... [humor] (Score:2, Funny)
EBay? (Score:2, Funny)
one deep space telescope. has seen where no man has seen before.
used, with millions of miles. as is, where is.
been refurbed a few times but will let go to
good new home. procedes will go to new programs.
Re:EBay? (Score:3, Funny)
Easy Solutions(TM) by teamhasnoi! (Score:3, Funny)
Crash it into the moon - we can then finally see if that flag is up there.
Send some elementary school kids up there. If they don't destroy it by doing the monkey bars on its delicate superstructure, they'll hasten its suicide by circling it and chanting, "One Eye, Got One Eye, One Eye, Got One Eye!"
Ask it what time it is, then when it looks at its wrist, hit it with a hammer.
Rename it Old Yeller. Dad'll put it down, while you weep into your dusty wool shirt.
Just put a Democrat on it! It will be sure to 'mysteriously' crash, probably in a wooded area full of hippies.
A way to save it...? (Score:5, Interesting)
Turn the whole station to point the telescope? (Score:3, Interesting)
Or develop some multi-billion dollar, space-qualified gimbal mounting.
Nah, the attitude/orbital requirements for the scope and the station are just too different.
Plus the vibrations from the space station everytime someone sneezes or touches anything would probably ruin your images.
Spacelab, Mir, now Hubble. (Score:2)
The next generation is already being worked on. (Score:4, Interesting)
Therefore a logical decommissioning date would be just after the new scope is up and checks out functionally.
Has anyone thought about automating this stuff? Make these things modular so unmanned robots can do the servicing and updating. Embed little marker tags into the craft so an approaching repair-bot can find its way around, like those robots that follow colored lines on the floor.
For more discussion, here's an NPR show on the top (Score:2)
http://www.npr.org/rundowns/rundown.php? p rgId=5&pr gDate=8-Aug-2003
Also it's been discussed in many journals and periodicals going back several years.
Personally I think we ought to keep Hubble going until there's another VISIBLE LIGHT optical scope in operation in orbit, or until earth-bound adaptive optics catch up.
There's another scope due up in 2010, but it'll doubtless be pushed back, and it's an IR scope so it won't do the same kind of scie
is it not possible to save it (Score:2)
Cold Storage Option (Score:5, Interesting)
There have been several options listed
a - burn it up
b - bring it back (maybe if the transporter survives the trip)
c - patch it (and give up other items)
and myabe others I missed in the convoluted article.
But one I didn't see in the article was to give it a good hard shove and put it into solar, or translunar orbit.
If this option were followed there would be a chance that it could be retieved later when bugdets were better, or could serve as a permanent exhibit in an solar space museum if we ever get serious about getting off this rock in a more permanent way.
The destruction of our orbital heritige is a symptom of our throw away society, the mass has been moved the hardest part of the journey.
Why waste the effort spent by turning it into terrestrial litter.
Re:Cold Storage Option (Score:4, Interesting)
I believe that until the Colombia crash, NASA had planned on bringing HST back onboard a shuttle. Unfortunately, Colombia was the only orbiter still setup to carry the HST in the cargo bay. The other three orbiters have ISS docking modules in the cargo hold and don't have room for Hubble.
The JungleBoyRe:Cold Storage Option (Score:4, Informative)
"A nice idea, but not really an option. Hubble is in a low earth orbit right now. To get it up to even geosynchronous orbit would require an immense amount of fuel. I'm not *that* kind of rocket scientist, so I don't know how much fuel it would take (relative to it's size). I do know that it would take a lot more fuel (at least one order of magnitude, maybe several) than is required to de-orbit it. NASA would probably have to dig up an old Saturn V to get enough fuel up there to send it towards the moon."
Nope, your not that kind of rocket scientist.
Fuel required to deorbit is near 0 or 0 due to gravity and atmospheric drag.
Fuel needed to go translunar is far lower than what gould be carried by a Saturn V.
Your logic is the same logic that nearly kept us from going to the moon in the first place.
Pointing straight for the moon is not even an option due to orbital mechanics, the object you are pointed towords is also in motion. Apollo required more fuel to go from orbital to lunar due to time constraints for life support for the crew, not any orbital mechanics.
Almost all of the fuel that the SV carried was for the purpose of getting to the edge of the gravity well. After orbit has been achieved, motion outward can be done through vector mechanics where time is the tool, not thrust.
In 1998 Hughes saved the HGS-1 communications satellite with not one, but 2 trips to the moon, back to earth orbit.
Sure HGS-1 was intended for Geo, not LEO but it certainly was not intended for a trip to the moon and back.
If Hubble could be nudged into an eliptical, with care and time it could be put almost anywhere, with a bucket of fuel.
The remaining problem is that Hubble has no onboard propulsion systems, so anything strapped on poses both control and structural problems.
Suggestions to move Hubble to the ISS are far less practical without use of the shuttle and far more dangerous even with the shuttle.
Hubble would have to lose 200 km in altitude (Hubble 600km , ISS 400km), change direction and speed and then match speed and direction with ISS. The weight of Hubble is 11110 kg, I don't even want to start thinking about the mass.
So it looks like unless Nasa can mount mission SM4 in November 2004 Hubble will probably become another streak across earths canopy.
Then again maybe there's an option that hasn't been considered or been created yet. (Solar Sails?)
I've got it... (Score:4, Funny)
Productive platform (Score:2)
The Hubble is arguably the most productive space science mission ever flown. The rate of discovery continues to be very high. I would argue that until its replacement, the James Webb Telescope is in place and operational, that the Hubble should continue to be fully used and funded. There is simply no reason to bring it down.
Hubble's successor will be much improved (Score:5, Informative)
What's more, the new telescope will not be in low Earth orbit like Hubble. Instead, it'll reside at the L2 Lagrange point which is about 1.5 million KM from Earth. This means it's a one-shot deal. It has to work right the first time: there won't be any manned repair missions. One of the benefits of sitting at the L2 point is that it can be oriented so that one side always faces the sun...put a good solar shield on that side of the telescope and the rest of the telescope will remain frigid...essentially, you get a cryogenic cooling system for free.
What about its power source? (Score:3, Interesting)
for those who don't know, the whole point of a nu
relative DOD costs (Score:5, Insightful)
15+ more years of Hubble --> $600 Million USD
which would contribute more?
The real question is: (Score:4, Insightful)
Do it while it is still under control (Score:4, Informative)
We don't want another Skylab, with the whole world wondering where it will crash. Hubble is a rather large satellite (nothing like Skylab, but still quite large), and NASA doesn't want it falling on a populated area. Electronics wear out (especially in the harsh environment of space), batteries die, etc. If it is going to be brought down safely, it must be done while it is still functioning, so the de-orbit can be controlled.
Even before Columbia, there were only a couple of more Hubble servicing missions planned, before Hubble was decommissioned and replaced by the Webb telescope. The service missions have now been reduced to one, and they'll get everything that they think is reasonably possible out of it, but then they need to give up on Hubble and move on.
E-bay... (Score:3, Interesting)
Wasteful ISS space station is killing Hubble (Score:5, Insightful)
Now I won't claim that the ISS has produced zero science, but I will claim that it's a mighty expensive way to do science. Humans in space may win congressional votes, but they're a pretty expensive way to do research. Remote control machines such as the space telescope, the Mars landers, Voyager, etc. have produced much more science for much less money.
If we let the ISS drop, there's be plenty of money to keep Hubble running, build its successor, send machines to Pluto, and a ton of other stuff. Unfortunately, the political reality is that Congress and the American public aren't particularly interested in the actual science. But we're willing to spend $2.5 billion per year because we think astronauts are cool!
Incorrect (Score:5, Insightful)
All the knowledge we gain (scientific or otherwise) is ultimately tied to the fact that we must eventually leave this world if we are to grow as a species. Eventually, manufacturing, mining, and even our quality of life will depend on this.
I also don't see how burning up an unused/unfinished $13 billion dollar investment is considered a plus for all the people who have paid for it. I also don't see how you can gauge the scientific potential of the ISS before it's finished and has a full crew dedicated to experimentation and science.
I agree that we should find a way to increase NASA's budget. I believe there is no reason to down the Hubble if we can service it and it remains useful. I don't believe the way to accomplish either goal is to abandon manned spaceflight, or cannibalize it for other programs. We spend 400 billion on our military every year, surely we can find a way of cannabalizing THAT boondoggle before picking on any of NASA's current budget?
Bringing it back in the Shuttle. (Score:3, Informative)
The shuttle can haul 63,500lbs of payload up to orbit - but it can only carry 43,500lbs on return to earth. However, the Hubble only weighs 23,500lbs - it's BIG - but it's mostly empty space. So it's NOT impossible.
However, consider things like retracting those big solar panels - I doubt they were designed to retract under power - there are probably all sorts of other reasons you can't bring it back - but shuttle cargo capacity isn't one of them.
Personally, I'd vote to build a replacement - get it up to orbit - then either bring Hubble down on the same shuttle - or get rid of it in a controlled crash.
Heard this nonsense before: (Score:5, Insightful)
Yes, Skylab! It was the first manned space station, and it was american! well, anyway, instead of worrying about TODAY and keeping it operational with TODAY's technology, the pie-in-the-sky nasa engineers decided to wait until tomorrow's technology could save them from poor planning.
Do I see history repeating itself?
MARK MY WORDS: If they allow Hubble to de-orbit, in order to free up cash to build a new replacement, THERE WILL BE NO REPLACEMENT FOR A VERY LONG TIME. Remember, this is Congress, isn't it? And this is a country filled with half-ignoramus who get all their news from Rupert Murdoch.
Cue "Dueling Banjos" - "How come we spend all this money on space monkeys when we don't have no jobs down here?"
Of course, you try to inform these people that NASA has a very small budget - pratically non-existant next to the defense department's big money handout, and that many of the NASA programs are actually at the behest of the Department of Defense, so that their "real budget" for science is very very small.
Cue "Dueling Banjos", again: "But we don't need no science, we need jobs"
Of course, this man is retarded - but he actually represents the majority sentiment.
Now, of course, to you and me, we see the hallmark of a productive society as scientific research. And we are smart enough to know that science for science's sake often has a fantastic impact on everyday lives, etc...
But, this hayseed has a congressman, who also wants to know why you crazy science people want $600 million just to look at the sky.
So, keep in mind - if Hubble fails, their will be no timely replacement.
Re:Heard this nonsense before: (Score:3, Informative)
In fact, at a meeting in Washington this past summer to debate the future of HST, one of the most interesting presentations was by the editor of Sky and Telescope. He pointed out that despite the optimistic timelines for launching new satellites, not a single one has come in on schedule, and in fact HST itself was delayed for seven years beyond the projected launch date. "few [amateur astronomers] will put any faith in NASA's claim that HST's
Hubble's a Bargain (Score:5, Informative)
This article sums up the scientific value of Hubble so far: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3115159. stm [bbc.co.uk]
Re-entry vehicle? (Score:3, Interesting)
Sell it to the DOD (Score:3, Funny)
Or, they could use it as an offensive weapon. Focus the rays of the sun and fry cities!
Or perhaps they could use it for some kind of solar collector/intesifier to provide power?
Topless Beaches (Score:4, Funny)
Re:Must die? (Score:4, Insightful)
Instead, NASA's plan now calls for building an unmanned craft, which would be launched on a throwaway rocket and attach itself to the Hubble to steer the telescope safely into the Pacific Ocean -- eliminating any possibility that the 12.5-ton telescope could fall on, say, Mexico City or Miami.
Re:Must die? (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Must die? (Score:3, Insightful)
A large part of the reason why they want to destroy it on their own terms is so that they can control what happens.
Re:Must die? (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Must die? (Score:5, Informative)
Even if you don't upgrade the equipment, there is servicing that needs to be done. The biggest problem in the past has been the reaction wheels; they have spares but they DO fail. At one time they were one failure away from not being able to control the scope.
If you ARE going to go up and replace a few reaction wheels though, you might as well cart along an extra new instrument or two; no point in boosting to orbit and not bringing along new toys.
Re:Must die? (Score:2, Funny)
x = cost of property damage when Hubble crashes + lawsuits from surviving relatives
y = cost of 'recalling' Hubble
If x is less than y, we don't do it.
Re:Must die? (Score:3, Insightful)
Hubble is not the debris problem. The debris problem is the millions of tiny bits of rocket and sattelite detritus that are whizzing around earth. If the hubble is coming towards you it's pretty easy to see and dodge. If something the size of a saltshaker is coming towards you, it's not so easy to see and dodge, but it can kill you just as dead.
Personally, I'm all for nudging hubble out away from the plane of earth's orbit and just letting it float away and keep observing until it totally dies.
Re:Must die? (Score:3, Insightful)
> plane of earth's orbit and just letting it float away and
> keep observing until it totally dies.
I seriously doubt that Hubble has enough reaction mass to send it out of orbit. In fact, the Hubble most likely uses some form of OMS (Orbital Maneuvering System) thrusters to change orbit. These thrusters are very weak and are good for adjusting your rotation or changing the ellipse of your orbit. Changing the path of an orbit can potentially
Re:Two birds, One stone (Score:2, Funny)
Mod parent down, please. (Score:2, Funny)
Re:Best troll in a long time (Score:2)
ground-based telescopes (Score:2)
The VLT Array [eso.org] in Chile, when fully operational, will produce images with greater resolution than Hubble, using adaptive optics and interferometry.
The downside is that you are more limited in where you can point it; however, most of the more interesting astronomical stuff is visible from the southern hemisphere anyway.