(Mostly) Confirmed: New Mersenne Prime Found 331
A reader writes "Distributed computing seems once more to be succesful. The combined effort of many pc's joining Primenet in search for a new Mersenne prime may have found there fifth result. Among them many belonging to /. readers. There is an unconfirmed claim for Mersenne prime #39 of over 3,500,000 digits, for which a considerable amount of money has been awarded. SETI looks for ET's messages, but found none sofar. Mersenne primes are used to tell ET about us. A previous found Mersenne number was used to show the advance of science on our planet in a message send into outer space. " The Primenet list has confirmed that while they still need to totally test it out (which should be done by the 24th), they believe that the number found today is the 39th positive.
just think (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:just think (Score:5, Informative)
Cancer drug research [ud.com]
Gene research [stanford.edu]
Protein folding [stanford.edu]
All of these distributed projects reach into medical research and are as such a bit more useful than searching for ET [berkeley.edu] or cracking RC-5 [distributed.net].
Why is distributed.net so popular? (+ others) (Score:2)
I've got to say that I'm disappointed in how popular distributed.net RC-5 cracking is. What the hell is the point? The only reason we don't have the key is because they destroyed the hard drive from the computer that generated it. It's easy to calculate how long it would take to find a solution by brute force (which is what they're doing) without actually wasting all of those cycles.
SETI@home seems rather like pseudoscience to me (And without source, I wouldn't be surprised if it's a secret plot from the NSA
I like GIMPS (we are at least learning something new and the results are easily verifiable), though the bio ones you mention are also very neat. Let's hope that more useful projects come out of this idea...
Re:just think (Score:2)
Re:just think (Score:2)
Distributed computing. (Score:1)
it's not being payed out... (Score:1)
very interesting... but hey, this should pump a few more clients into SETI@home, rc5, and the rest of the bunch.
So what if ET... (Score:5, Funny)
- Freed
Re:So what if ET... (Score:1)
on the eve of armageddon, we'll all be hearing "bwa ha ha ha! foolish humans! what have your prime numbers brought you? nothing! you have wasted your precious resources, and now you will pay the ultimate price! except for you, Linus, you've got some good ideas..."
Re:So what if ET... (Score:1)
Re:So what if ET... (Score:1)
- Freed
Re:So what if ET... (Score:2, Interesting)
The assumption is that if ET is out there, he's a lot more technically advanced than we are. Human civilization has been around for, oh, call it 8,000 years. The universe is more than a million times that age. So ET has a big head start.
My theory is that the universe is teeming with life, but everyone else is smart enough to keep a low profile. Only the humans like to broadcast to the universe an exact measure of how technically backwards we are.
Re:So what if ET... (Score:1)
my theory (Score:5, Interesting)
20,000 years ago we were going around grunting at each other and living nomadic lives
10,000 years ago we finally began to make small villages, and practice agriculture
500 years ago we finally got the technology to send ships from Europe to North America
200 years ago people still read by candle light, died of infections from wounds, had no telephones or radio
100 years ago people still got around by horse and buggy
60 years ago people did the most complex math problems by hand
30 years ago NASA sent people to the moon with the computing power probably about what is found in a TI-89 calculator
20 years ago no one had ever heard of the internet, and computers were slow and text-based
10 years ago computers started to be a household necessity
5 years ago the internet took off
1 year ago the human genome was mapped
The point is: find someone from 50,000 BC ago and take them forward in time to 15,000BC. they probably wouldn't see a damn bit of difference
you could keep doing that for people of different ages, and the amount of time you could bring them forward without them really not being able to adjust to the massive changes in society would just get smaller and smaller. the time is getting so short now that a person can span it in a lifetime. we have middle-aged people today who are afraid to use computers.
Now try to imagine 100 years into the future. Pretty tough. Might we have real AI? Humans on the Moon and Mars? Computing implanations? Nanotech? Quantum computers? Yep. Pretty shocking. But now try to imagine 10,000 years into the future. It's impossible. IMO there is a very good chance that there will be no such thing as humans, as we know them, 10,000 years from now. We will have advanced into something better than these meat and bone bodies.
And the 20,000 years(max) from when humans first set down roots, and when they will no longer exist as humans, is nothing in galactic terms. It isn't even an eye-blink.
I think any civilization more than about 500 years more advanced than us might actually be *undetectable*. Maybe they exist as pure energy. Maybe they have transcended this universe altogether. Maybe they are studying us right now, but we don't know it because they are doing it from the 4th dimension(like a 3D being looking down on flatland).
I simply think anything beyond the near-future is impossible to even speculate on. The singularity. The end of history. Whatever you want to call it. It will be the end of the human race as we know it.
That is why Seti is pointless (Score:2)
The search for intelligent life? Ok lets say aliens saw our radio signals, either they'd laugh at us as we laugh at monkeys in the zoo, or they'd enslave us.
Really we dont want either of these situations ot happen, but really you make a good point, with nano technology and say brain to computer interface and AI, we wont be anything like what we are now, we will most likely be meta physical, most likely be able to transofrm matter into anything we want, most likely have telepathy via advanced communications technologies. If this is us in a few hundred years, then if we are looking for aliens that are millions of billions of years old, chances are they already know where we are and what we are doing and are laughing at us right now.
Think about it, anything thousands or millions of years more advanced than us would be like gods to us, literally.
Hopefully we dont end up attracting evil aliens who want to turn us into their pets
Giving aliens our DNA means, any group of aliens can simply use our DNA to look exactly like us and blend into our population and we would have no way of knowing it
of course idiots at seti and other fools who send stupid probes into space without thinking first, believe aliens will be as dumb as us and havent mastered what we dont understand.
Re:So what if ET... (Score:1)
Re:So what if ET... (Score:2)
They'll probably figure it's our Galactic ICQ number.
Seriously speaking, if they think at all like us, they will figure that the number has some special property and start testing it. Testing a number for primeness goes much faster than searching for new primes. Having discovered that it is indeed prime, they will know just how clever we are and hopefully be so impressed that they will decide not to devour us.
Re:So what if ET... (Score:2)
Re:So what if ET... (Score:2)
111111111111111111111111111111...
(2^k-1)
Re:What if our number is off by one? (Score:2)
If the number is off by one, it will trivially not be prime as it will be divisible by 2.
Also, transmitting this number in binary is rather simple, since it is just a series of 1s!
Perspective. . . (Score:1, Insightful)
Re:Perspective. . . (Score:5, Insightful)
Yes, and we're all awaiting your proposal for how to use a bunch of idle PCs and bandwidth to wipe out hatred, poverty, disease, and environmental destruction.
Until you get back to us with that, stop complaining about how we entertain ourselves, okay?
Re:Perspective. . . (Score:1)
There is a difference between entertaining yourself and demonstrating the advance of science on our planet. Some endeavors might acheive both. As far as I can tell, this does neither.
Re:Perspective. . . (Score:2)
All the worlds problems solved, just like that!
Re:Perspective. . . (Score:4, Insightful)
I think PART of humanity has advanced, but those who:
a) cause misery
b) profit off misery
c) whine about misery
haven't really gotten anywhere.
Re:Perspective. . . (Score:2, Insightful)
a) cause misery
b) profit off misery
c) whine about misery
haven't really gotten anywhere.
You forgot:
d) crow about how smart they are and squander their energy on trivialities.
Impressive, but.... (Score:1)
This is great news - 2 reasons (Score:3, Interesting)
Second: it's entertaining to think we can prove our intelligence to another species by sending them proof that we've cracked a prime
Of course, if they're "looking" at the wrong frequency or in the wrong band they won't see it at all... so many assumptions... so little time.
F SETI@Home (Score:1, Redundant)
Re:This is great news - 2 reasons (Score:2)
LS
Re:This is great news - 2 reasons (Score:2)
Yup. Very entertaining.
Until the alien lawyers arrive, waving around the Encyclopaedia Galactica version of the DMCA, and sending us all into oblivion with their phasers, torpedoes and subpoenas, for cracking part of the encryption to Life, the Universe and Everything.
Prime stamp (Score:2, Informative)
Does anyone have an envelope with this stamp on it?
Re:Prime stamp (Score:2)
3**2+ 4**2 == 5**2
so -- Andrew Wiles a**n + b**n != c**n for n>2.
anyway, wiles et al actually proved the taniyama-shimura conjecture that all elliptic curves are modular. someone had already noted that fermat's last theorem and the taniyama-shimura conjecture were equivalent.
</anal retentive rant>
What if... (Score:5, Funny)
I always find the idea that ET is "like" us somehow. That Will Smith can get into and operate an alien spaceship.
Zog: Mumtar! The Earthlings have sent us I Love Lucy and now what appears to be a very large cable bill!
Mumtar: Destroy them!
Re:What if... (Score:1)
If ET doesn't understand mathematics, its unlikely ET progressed as far as building radios, either. Prime numbers are a fairly simple mathematical concept, one thats been found by every human society developing a complex system of mathematics. It's not simply some artifact of the decimal system. Prime numbers are prime in any base. Once you've got whole numbers and division you're pretty quickly going to come to the conclusion that some of them can't be divided by any of the others.
Re:What if... (Score:3, Funny)
Re:What if... (Score:2)
Folding your Distributed Computing (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Folding your Distributed Computing (Score:2)
Granted, it was awhile ago when I tried the folding@home stuff, but even the uninstall was horribly broken and it looked like something that really shouldn't be on any computer that couldn't be trashed.
*scoove*
Re:Folding your Distributed Computing (Score:2)
The windows client is muchmuchmuch better now too. It doesn't only act as a screensaver, but a background console that runs on spare cycles.
Another productive project, from the same people (Score:1)
Finding a cure for cancer! (Score:2)
I used to run moo! (distributed.net) - then SETI@Home, then back to distributed.net. But now I am glad I found this one, makes me feel good to know that I could help cure cancer! I know a few people that could have used one
Re:Folding your Distributed Computing (Score:2)
People are dying NOW from these terrible afflictions. It's not a little open source hobby or a grad project, it's serious medicine. If the creators are willing to treat it as a toy then I'm not going to donate my CPU cycles to them - they're better off being wasted on Kazaa for my porn downloading pleasure.
Re:Folding your Distributed Computing (Score:2)
Re:Folding your Distributed Computing (Score:2)
Participate! (Score:4, Insightful)
Decss? (Score:1)
What do you get if you save the prime as something.zip and unzip it?
Something juicy?
Re:Decss? (Score:1)
Second a Mersenne prime is all bits 1, so you'll never have a valid gzip header to start with.
So no luck there. But if you were to gzip the number it would compress up real well.
One problem... (Score:1)
I wonder if it'll encourage or dicourage them from making first contact with us if they think we're all a bunch of math geeks with too much time on our hands?
guess what (Score:1)
Re:guess what (Score:1)
There once was an engineer named Paul,
Who had a hexagonal-shaped ball.
The square of its weight
with his pecker, plus eight,
Is his phone number, give him a call!
- Freed
Does this really prove we are smart? (Score:2)
A previous found Mersenne number was used to show the advance of science on our planet in a message send into outer space.
Yup, ET is going to get our message and probably laugh, "Ha ha, what morons, they've only found the 39th one! Lets defeat their pitiful technology, take their resources, and make them slaves! Muhahahahah!"
How's the quote go? It's better to keep your mouth shut and leave people wondering if you're a fool, than to open it and prove that you are.
The quote (Score:2)
Re:Does this really prove we are smart? (Score:2)
Yes. Thank you.
i'll join ya'll on the fun... (Score:2)
ET's comment... (Score:1)
Re:ET's comment... (Score:1)
Pride (Score:1)
No half assed help, please (Score:4, Funny)
If you can't do the time, don't do the prime.
(snort, snicker, guffaw, I can die a happy man now)
It generally helps to have enough data... (Score:1)
Now, if we built more radio telescopes [setileague.org]...
Re:It generally helps to have enough data... (Score:1)
That'll get us off on the right foot ... (Score:1)
I think the ultimate endeavor of human achievement is Truckzilla. A truck that can eat other trucks and breathes fire. I can see the aliens talking to each other ... "Sir, the terrans are too primitive for us to contact ... all we can receive are long numbers and primitive drawings ... Wait! It seems they have finally developed a truck that breathes fire and can eat other trucks! It's the only true measure of a sophisticated civilization."
Hmm...what if they're not big on math? (Score:2)
I know, it's hard to fathom. But imagine this: human appreciation of art and life is rarely build on logical thought. When I say that my favorite painter is John Kacere, it has nothing to do with the trigonometry of his brush strokes and everything to do with what I like, a much more concept ideal. Conversation is a way of attempting to apply logic to what is essentially an illogical process, to explain a biological reaction with words and phrases.
So what would I think if Chewbacca beamed a thirty meg prime number into my PowerBook? I sure as hell wouldn't pick up instantly on its nature. I'd probably try and run it through a gif converter or play it on Audion before I'd think to perform the three year process that would uncover it as a prime number. If we're trying to make contact with primes, it seems that we're restricting our target intelligence to creatures smarter than me. Which seems defeatist. Why not start smaller, with a fibinacci sequence or the differential calculus or a DivX file of "The Facts of Life" (divx having been developed in less than a year)? Don't we realize that they'll want to check our math even if they do figure out what the stream of gibberish we're sending is all about?
And finally, what are they going to think when it gets there? Ifome superintelligent race of beings gets a message of a fact they already knew from a race of eggheads in the unfashionable end of the western spiral arm of the milky way, they're not inviting us to the intergalactic luau -- they're taking that hot race of Beings of Pure Sex from Omicron Six!
Re:Hmm...what if they're not big on math? (Score:3, Insightful)
a. some beings have reached the point (technologically, biologically, or otherwise) where they can recieve our message.
b. they "notice" our message as not standard electromagnetic emissions
c. they do not know anything about math
I think A or B implies not C.
Not necessarily (Score:2)
Not necessarily. For example, I can observe frequencies in the range between roughly 2x10^1 Hz to 2-4x10^5 Hz (sound), and 4x10^14 Hz - 7.5x10^14 Hz (visible light).
Please correct me if I'm wrong, but I think SETI is scanning in the 1x10^9 Hz to 1x10^10 Hz range (microwave). This leads me to assume that we are hoping that any alien beings are sending (and presumably listening for) signals in this range.
Would it be a stretch to imagine those alien beings having the ability to directly sense microwaves, similar to our ability to see and hear?
Since even a human child can see without knowing even basic math, perhaps our alien observers would be in the same situation.
Just a thought.
strength of signals (Score:2)
No, that's entirely reasonable, but at any realistic range the signal is so weak that you'd need a bloody great big dish to concentrate that signal enough to "hear" it. I find it somewhat implausible that there are creatures that have evolved into radio telescopes :)
If they can construct a radio dish (even if they just use it like a reflecting telescope to shine the radio waves into their microwave "eyes" they'd presumably have to know at least a little geometry.
Re:Hmm...what if they're not big on math? (Score:2)
Microsoft primes? (Score:1)
Warning: Transformers joke (Score:2)
Primes are fine and stuff, but check this out (Score:4, Informative)
http://members.ud.com/projects/cancer/
big project sponsored by university of oxford, NFCR and Intel
http://folding.stanford.edu/
Protein Folding@Home - basically the same, much smaller in scale though
I run the one from UD on my windows desktop, and I run the folding@home client on my linux box
Re:Primes are fine and stuff, but check this out (Score:2)
Sorry!
EFF Prize (Score:2, Informative)
Granted, "greater than 3,500,000" could mean 10,000,000+ digits, but I don't think so...
Just how are these numbers "verified"? (Score:2)
Big karma for some lucky geek, no doubt.
Re:Just how are these numbers "verified"? (Score:2, Informative)
If something is lost in the rounding, the next person who does the check will find it. When they start the first iteration, a random seed is picked. At the end, the seed is "subtracted" from the residue. The residue will exactly match the residue from the first person who ran the primality test.
The float-to-int rounding error would cause the two testers to have entirely different residues. Also, there is no way to create the residue except to run the full primality test.
Of course, I should be referring you to the official FAQ's. [mersenne.org] But they're crappy.
If you want a good faq about the math of the system, read the mailing list FAQ's [tasam.com]. These are much more interesting.
Re:Just how are these numbers "verified"? (Score:2)
What one general idea behind prime checking is that there are several theorem's that you can use to show that a number is (probably) prime without checking all factors or using Erastostenes sieve. A few are given in faq: Q3.3. I believe one of those theorem's is Fermat's little theorem. These are not used in this program. Instead they use the LL test, based upon "For odd p, the Mersenne number 2^p-1 is prime if and only if 2^p-1 divides S(p-1) where S(n+1) = S(n)^2-2, and S(1)=4". The Fast Fourier transforms are used to calculate the S(n) with the modulo 2^p-1 part as a bonus.
Distributed works, SETI doesn't (Score:2)
GIMPS milestones (Score:2, Informative)
http://mersenne.org/status.htm [mersenne.org]
They haven't added #39 yet, but they probably will by the end of the day!!!
Re:Grammar Goldmine (Score:1, Troll)
It's obvious people like Hemos don't care about speaking proper English, or they are so hyped up on caffeine or kernel code or whatever and make an outrageous number of typos. Anyhow, pointing out the problems just seems to waste bandwidth. I suggest we all just sit back relax and float downstream and enjoy the stories and discussion.
It's not worth "loosing" your cool.
Re:Erm (Score:1)
proper adj. Abbr. prop. 1. Characterized by appropriateness or suitability; fitting. 2. Called for by rules or conventions; correct. 3. Strictly following rules or conventions, especially in social behavior; seemly.
I think meaning two works very well for what I was trying to say. However, I would agree that the term "correct" would more commonly be used in this context.
Re:Grammar Goldmine (Score:1)
Re:Grammar Goldmine (Score:1)
"belong" is a verb. I bet the intransitive thing through you for a loop, though.
"He belongs in prison."
"That car belongs to me."
"That book belongs to the library."
Re:Grammar Goldmine (Score:1)
Among them many belonging to /. readers.
True, the word "belong" is a verb, but in this sentence fragment, the word "belonging" is qualifying the supposed subject "many".
Re:Grammar Goldmine (Score:1)
Re:Waste of resources (Score:1)
Whatever.
Re:Waste of resources (Score:1)
But.. 3.5 million digits.. that's just too cool! C'mon, admit it.
Re:Waste of resources (Score:2)
ugh
Re:Waste of resources (Score:1)
[smartass]Actually, the stipulation is that the number has no factors except for 1 and itself. I guess you could consider the number 1 as nice cool.[/smartass]
Agreed - was Re:Waste of resources (Score:1)
If aliens are flying around in saucers from galaxies LIGHT YEARS away - then they will laugh at our "primitive" technologies. If they want to contact us - they WILL. And they probably already know about us already.
And if they don't, but have superior technologies - it's like sending them a message "Hi - we have inferior technology - come colonize our planet".
I'd rather give all my cpu cycles to Distributed.net's RC5-64 project.
Re:Agreed - was Re:Waste of resources (Score:2)
The thing is though, there is a value in creating communities that in large part cut across national lines and provide interconnectedness between people. Distribued computing projects can aid in this type of social growth.
For those of you are complaining about this being a waste of time and resources, why not back up your indignation by personally making an online donation to the charity of your choice [helping.org]. Quit complaining about people having fun wasting less money and resources than they (collectively) probably waste on cigarettes, and do something yourself to make the world a better place.
Re:Waste of resources (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Waste of resources (Score:2)
Remember, even primes have two factors!
Re:Waste of resources (Score:2)
Re:Waste of resources (Score:2)
If you want to make a distributed project to use spare CPU cycles to design new pharmaceuticals, engineer new food crops, or anything else that's "useful", go ahead. Otherwise piss off.
By the way, it may not be obvious to you, but the only problems that can be attacked using distributed computing are those that we can figure out how to split up into large numbers of mostly-independent, completely algorithmic subproblems.
Re:Waste of resources (Score:1)
And maybe you should donate the time and resources you use everyday reading slashdot to volunteer at the Red Cross or better yet - Join the Peace Corps! Also, I would argue that most of the problems with hunger and disease facing the planet are more social issues that technological. Anyway, thats not the point. Projects like this are an excellent way to work with distributed computing on a large scale and improve our knowledge of how it works and how it can be applied. Not everything has to be a great crusade to change the world.
Smallest? (Score:1)
Re:Smallest? (Score:1)
Some algebraic number theory... (Score:2, Informative)
Actually, it turns out that negative numbers are prime, mathematically. It works like this. Anytime you have a "ring" of objects (think of ring as set of objects where you've defined addition and multiplication), there are special elements of that set called "units". These are the elements in the ring which you can divide by, and stay in the set. For example, for the regular integers, the units are 1 and -1. In particular, 2 in not a unit because if you divide by 2, you don't get integers any more.
The way primes are defined in mathematics is that you say that a number is prime if it can only be divided by a unit, or, equivalently, p is prime if, whenever p divides ab, then p must divide either a or b. It is an easy theorem to show that a unit multiplied by a prime is also a prime. Thus, whenever n is prime, then so is (-n).
So, mathematically, it is more appropriate to say that -5 is prime just like 5 is. Of course, it is taught differently in elementary schools, where we say that a prime is positive integer which only has factors one and itself, but this is actually not quite correct.
Now, of course, a reasonable question is why would we consider primes of sets other than the integers? First, it turns out that the definitions, and most of the theorems, of number theory hold in any ring, i.e. any set with both an addition and a multiplication. It's a nice generalization to deal with other sets. Second, it is also practically useful if you're trying to prove things for regular integers also. Unfortunately, the examples for this are a bit too complicated, but trust me, this notion is useful.
}
Gauss Primes (Score:2)
Not all integer primes are Gauss primes: for example, 5 is a prime in the integers, but in the Gauss integers 5 = (2+i)(2-i). In fact, you can show that a prime p is also a Gauss prime if and only if p=3 mod 4, and otherwise p is the product of 2 complex conjugate Gauss primes (a+bi)(a-bi). This relates to the fact in normal number theory that any 1 mod 4 prime is expressible as the sum of 2 squares.
Cheers,
IT
Re:Communicating with aliens is not a good idea (Score:2)
Greg Bear's The Forge of God and Anvil of Stars discuss this idea. Ships are designed for stealth, and Bad Things happen to a certain planet whose inhabitants weren't careful to shield their radio transmissions.
Well we also gave our DNA to them (Score:2)
Not only our DNA but maps to the solar system,
what kinda stupid idiot species gives out their own DNA and a MAP to their planet.
Ok walk into a dark alley and leave a knife, and a note saying where you live.
What are your chances that some killer is going to find this and walk right in your door and stab you?