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Science

Cheaper, Cleaner Hydrogen Without Platinum 295

keithww writes "Looks like the hydrogen economy may have gotten a whole lot cheaper. Wisconsin team engineers gas from biomass using common metals of tin, nickel, and aluminum instead of platinum. This looks like a good way to get rid of biowaste also." Of course, there's still a long way to go before the automotive industry is using it, but it is good news nonetheless.
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Cheaper, Cleaner Hydrogen Without Platinum

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  • by compwizrd ( 166184 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @09:55AM (#6319103)
    And does anyone actually believe that the fossil fuels industry will lie down and let this happen without a fight?
  • Carbon nanorods (Score:5, Interesting)

    by flend ( 9133 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:07AM (#6319143) Homepage
    Work is being done on using carbon nanorods to store hydrogen (amongst others by the Renewable Energies Research Lab in Golden, CO). These would be cheap and safely disposable and probably represent the future of hydrogen fuel tech.
  • cycle (Score:4, Interesting)

    by rf0 ( 159958 ) <rghf@fsck.me.uk> on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:15AM (#6319169) Homepage
    We should just cycle everywere. Cheap, environemntally friendly and relaxing

    rus
  • Re:cycle (Score:2, Interesting)

    by Anonymous Coward on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:19AM (#6319184)
    Good luck if the grocery store and work is more than 5 miles away and it's raining or snowing.
  • by nursedave ( 634801 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:31AM (#6319226) Homepage Journal
    Puh-leeeeease.

    The reason we use Petrochemicals instead of the green method of your choice is because we - the world - have a huge infrastructure in place to provide for this. If you want to start your own free/green energy distribution then fine, go ahead, the oil companies won't stand in your way but you face a simple uphill battle of fighting what is cheap and available right now.

    This is like those ads you see in the back of science magazines, saying they have plans for a 348mpg carburator and the only reason you don't know about it is because the oil companies are suppressing the technology. Uhm, whatever. Maybe, it just doesn't work for shit, which is why you are stuck advertising it next to geek personals.
  • by Moderation abuser ( 184013 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:33AM (#6319234)
    Like methanol.

    Pure hydrogen fuel cells sound like a great idea, no pollution but water.

    Except then you come to the problem of storage and transportation and have to spend a truly massive fortune on research and development like this, and, once that's done you also have the job of upgrading the entire energy distribution infrastructure which oddly enough will also be rather expensive.

    But hey, go ahead, it's a free market, someone else will come along with much cheaper solution.

  • Re:Ozone? (Score:3, Interesting)

    by Sponge Bath ( 413667 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:41AM (#6319260)
    I said hydrogen, not the water from hydrogen combustion. Here is the story:

    http://edition.cnn.com/2003/TECH/science/06/12/hyd rogen.ozone.ap/

    Where I went wrong was that sheep farts cause global warming, not destruction of ozone.

  • by srussell ( 39342 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:48AM (#6319282) Homepage Journal
    Ugh. I wish I had the time to learn more about this stuff.

    Relative to other catalysts, the Raney-NiSn can perform for long time periods (at least 48 hours) and at lower temperatures (roughly 225 degrees Celsius).

    Raney-NiSn can perform for at least 48 hours... before what? Before it has to be replaced? Before it has to rested? What happens after 48 hours?

  • by HidingMyName ( 669183 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:50AM (#6319286)
    The materials required are just one expense, the catalyst typically is expected to be reusable (consumed at a very low rate due to inefficiencies). However, the amount of raw material required to extract the energy, the size of the apparatus and the amount of energy required to get a unit of energy are probably the real issues. If it takes more than a Joule to extract the hydrogen required to generate a Joule of energy, the system is only viable for special applications, not as an energy source.
  • Stop recycling! (Score:5, Interesting)

    by TheSHAD0W ( 258774 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:54AM (#6319308) Homepage
    You're killing the planet! Recycling is bad! Landfills are good!

    No, I'm not kidding.

    Global warming may be due to humanity's CO2 emissions, or solar radiation, or something we haven't even discovered yet, but it's something detrimental to our society and it'd be nice to do something about it. Well, the best way is to stop burning stuff, obviously. On the other hand, our society runs on our burning stuff. That's not good.

    Well, the least we can do is stop burning stuff that gives us the least benefit. That, my friends, is garbage. Waste incinerators, even if they provide cogeneration, would run at a loss if they weren't paid extra by people who don't want the stuff they burn. So it's not such a big deal to NOT burn the garbage and burn something more efficient instead.

    Further, while there are some materials it may make sense to recycle, when it comes to plastics, you're better off burying it. Every bit of plastic you DON'T recycle is another quantity of oil that will never be burned, but will instead go back to sequestering carbon under the ground.
  • by Peter_Pork ( 627313 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @10:56AM (#6319312)
    Yes, it will happen, since they will be the hydrogen industry. They have the money, they have the expertise, they have the distribution networks, and they do not want to depend on the third-world or war-torn nations for their supply. The way I see this, the hydrogen industry is the best thing that could happen to the oil industry (at least in the US). Guess who is now pushing for this... G.W. Bush, a guy that is the oil industry.
  • by Moderation abuser ( 184013 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @11:18AM (#6319405)
    Like this one:

    http://www.cyber-media.com/aircar/

    Even less polluting than a hydrogen powered vehicle, the only exhaust is clean air. Ironically, the air is cleaner going out than going in because it has to be filtered before reaching the engine.

  • Re:Stop recycling! (Score:5, Interesting)

    by Anonymous Coward on Saturday June 28, 2003 @11:24AM (#6319437)
    While your assessment is accurate for oil-based products, it doesn't apply to biomass.

    Burning things that have been produced by recently living organisms is not too bad, it's just another part of the normal carbon cycle.

    The problem with fossil fuels is that they are re-introducing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere that has been removed from the natural carbon cycle...

    An interesting question is how efficient can we make energy production based on plant farming, which is an indirect way of utilizing solar energy - plants transform carbon dioxide (+ water + sunlight) into hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons are processed into non-fossil fuel and utilized - can this be more efficient than solar panels? I believe photosynthesis is a pretty efficient process, especially for fast growing plants, but this is something that hasn't (AFAIK) been tried on a large scale.
  • by Wyatt Earp ( 1029 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @11:32AM (#6319470)
    Yes they will.

    H2 is another energy market to be R&D'ed, tapped and then optimized for profit.

    Exxon-Mobil is working GM and Toyota to use gasoline and methanol with fuel cells to avoid some of the complications with using just H2.

    And in the industry, there is already a sense that they need to adapt in order to survive. When a former Saudi oil minister and petroleum consultant says..."Thirty years from now there will be a huge amount of oil - and no buyers. Oil will be left in the ground. The Stone Age came to an end, not because we had a lack of stones, and the oil age will come to an end not because we have a lack of oil."

    Fuel-cell motor technology will have a dramatic impact on the oil market, he predicts. "This is coming before the end of the decade and will cut gasoline consumption by almost 100 per cent. Imagine a country like the United States, the largest consuming nation, where more than 50 per cent of their consumption is gasoline. If you eliminatethat, what will happen?" Saudi Arabia, he says, "will have serious economic difficulties".

  • by Eric Smith ( 4379 ) * on Saturday June 28, 2003 @11:40AM (#6319502) Homepage Journal
    Even capitalism can break, as Standard Oil and Microsoft have shown us.
    Capitalism works for commodities. I don't think anyone has ever claimed that it works when some or all parties are legally forbidden (by copyright or patents) from selling the same product, so SO or M$ don't prove that capitalism is "broken", only that it's not applicable.

    Recently it's been determined that Standard Oil before its breakup was actually selling its products for fair prices, amazingly enough. It's not clear whether MS prices for Windows and Office are fair, but it's pretty clear that their price for IE (i.e., free) was unfair at the time.

    Microsoft has been convicted of violating antitrust law, yet the court was unwilling to do anything about it. If you or I did something that hurt fewer people to a lesser extent, we'd be in jail. Sigh.

  • Some one needs to... (Score:1, Interesting)

    by Dutchy Wutchy ( 547108 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @11:50AM (#6319545)
    ...sponsor some type of racing powered by fuel cells.
    Like Off-Shore Power Boat Racing, or anything really.
    That might kick in some more research dollars.
  • by rebelcool ( 247749 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @12:14PM (#6319664)
    There's a reason for this. They don't just sell fossil fuels. They are quite well aware that oil resources are limited, expensive, dirty and a pain in the ass to extract.

    The largest source of hydrogen today is the very same companies that sell you gas. You will still be filling your hydrogen car at a Shell station.

  • Re:hows it work? (Score:2, Interesting)

    by Oaktree_b ( 670914 ) on Saturday June 28, 2003 @12:23PM (#6319703) Journal
    From what I remember, you pass an electric current through water. Stick your two electrodes in water, on positive, the other negative. Voila, Oxygen (o2) on one end, Hydrogen (h2)on the other end. Water's the easiest source from which to get hydrogen, it's abundant and there's not all this other stuff mixed in with it (just plain old H2 and O2). I suppose you can get it from methane (CH4), or any other organic compound. I remember reading an article a while ago saying how they would use gasoline to power hydrogen cars, they'd seperate the hydrogen from other molecules in the gasoline.
  • by deblau ( 68023 ) <slashdot.25.flickboy@spamgourmet.com> on Monday June 30, 2003 @10:53AM (#6330775) Journal
    A friend of mine, Eli Greenbaum, has been getting Hydrogen from algae for three years now, with no metals involved. He just starves them of O2 and they activate a dormant gene that produces a protein that synthesizes H2. See here [ornl.gov] for the details.

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