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James Hansen on the Warmest Year Brouhaha
Posted by
ScuttleMonkey
on Fri Aug 17, 2007 07:48 AM
from the hot-or-not dept.
from the hot-or-not dept.
Jamie writes "In response to earlier reports, Dr. James Hansen, top climate scientist with NASA, has issued a statement on the recent global warming data correction. He points out 'the effect on global temperature was of order one-thousandth of a degree, so the corrected and uncorrected curves are indistinguishable.' In a second email he shows maps of U.S. temperatures relative to the world in 1934 and 1998, explains why the error occurred (it was not, as reported, a 'Y2K bug') and, in response to errors by 'Fox, Washington Times, and their like,' attacks the 'deceit' of those who 'are not stupid [but] seek to create a brouhaha and muddy the waters in the climate change story.'"
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Blogger Finds Bug in NASA Global Warming Study? 755 comments
An anonymous reader writes "According to an article at DailyTech, a blogger has discovered a Y2K bug in a NASA climate study by the same writer who accused the Bush administration of trying to censor him on the issue of global warming. The authors have acknowledged the problem and released corrected data. Now the study shows the warmest year on record for the contiguous 48 states as being 1934, not 1998 as previously reported in the media. In fact, the corrected study shows that half of the 10 warmest years on record occurred before World War II." The article's assertion that there's a propaganda machine working on behalf of global warming theorists is outside the bounds of the data, which I think is interesting to note.
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The bigger issue (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Informative)
According to this article in Scientific American ($), they've come to the conclusion with 80% certainty that global climate change is not only real, but is caused by human activities. They're new 2007 assessment report isn't on the website yet, but it is discussed in SciAm, so it should be there shortly, I believe. Methodologies are discussed pretty well in the SciAm piece.
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Informative)
Link to the SciAm piece [sciam.com].
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Insightful)
As some scientists have pointed out [slashdot.org], there's substantial concern about these models and how accurate they can be in the first place. What we know is this: some of the Earth is undergoing substantial climate change (always true, but this is exceptional), and much of the change is in the direction of warming (the arctic and antarctic regions, especially). We also know that CO2 levels have risen. The problem is that correlating those two factors requires that we understand the climate on a macroscopic level, which, sadly, we do not. We have models that predict past activity, but they have so far failed to accurately predict future activity accurately. Dyson suggests a naive model ("no change") would be more accurate that the models we use. That's been hotly debated, and I'm willing to believe that he might have gone a bit overboard there.
Still, the fact of the matter is that we're uncertain about a great many things, and until we are certain, we should be careful about what we insist is "fact".
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Insightful)
mmm... maybe that needs to change. Given the current tendency towards knee jerk FUD in some quarters, the only way we're ever going to be able to settle debates like this one is if the data can be subjected to widespread peer review.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:The bigger issue (Score:4, Insightful)
An awful lot of science is multi-disciplinary that way, with data gathered for one field but bits and pieces of other fields being brought in to make sense of it. And those bits and pieces tend to be outdated. Economists, for example, regularly shake their heads at the economic analysis applied by political scientists. Mathematicians and evelotionary biologists have some similar friction.
So while the problem of analysis of data exists, there are plenty of cases where eyes from outside the specialty would do a lot of good. We should be very happy to see that sort of professional knowledge silo breakdown. Some people are less than happy.
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Informative)
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Warming on other planets (Score:4, Informative)
Compare two hypotheses: (1) Global warming is primarily caused by the sun, cosmic rays, or some other external factor. (2) Global warming is primarily caused by humans. (Yes, there are other possible hypotheses.)
If hypothesis 1 is right, you would expect most of the planets to be showing warming over any small period of time. If hypothesis 2 is right, you would expect approximately half of the other planets to be showing warming (and the other half to be showing cooling). Unfortunately, with 7 other planets, it's hard to rely on the law of large numbers to distinguish between these two hypotheses. (If you got 5 heads out of 7 coin flips, would you assume the coin was biased? The only thing you could say for certain was that heads weren't on both sides of the coin.) Of course, we don't even have data from all 7 of the other planets for a small period of time.
Global warming theories aren't based merely on the correlation between increased CO2 and increased temperature. They're based on fundamental science and complicated models. The fundamental science has been known for over 100 years - complicated models weren't necessary for that. The complicated models are necessary to determine the scope of the greenhouse gas phenomenon (feedback cycles, etc., are non-linear and hence can be very difficult to predict with detail). These models have actually done a pretty good job [nationalgeographic.com], and they're getting better. Some people are actually saying now, "In 20 years, this warming will be over, and then the scientists will see how wrong they are." Some people were saying that 20 years ago, too.
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Informative)
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Informative)
The overall shape of the graph is the same - a 0.8 degree rise in average temperature over the last century with increasing slope.
I was in the Bahamas last year measuring water temperature, beach erosion and doing population counts to provide data on why coral is dying off all over the world. Its a complex topic but one of the leading culprits is ocean warming. Coral is adapted to a narrow range. Once the coral reefs are gone, which will be soon, say goodbye to fish diversity and sandy beaches.
I live in New England, the recent scare is over West Nile virus. According to the CDC, over 15,000 people in the U.S. have tested positive for WNV infection since 1999 and over 500 have died.
Don't make the mistake of assuming that a small change in temperature won't have a significant effect.
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Interesting)
Also, beach erosion; how is that bad at all; except for the idiots who build houses or hotels on beaches? Isn't that simply a natural process? I think beaches communities should reverse development, and build back the dunes between the towns and the water. Screw the beach front hotels; it's bad for the environment, and we can still enjoy the beach without having a house or hotel on it!
As for your comment about west nile virus, hell, we had malaria here too; but back before you or I were born, we defeated it. DDT being a big help there; amongst other things. West Nile is not a biggie. If we can stop malaria in Cuba and the South, we can stop it here when it gets warmer. People can adapt.
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Informative)
Speed.
Corals are slow, human pollution is fast.
If climate change is slow enough, corals will die off at one end and expand at the other, essentially moving as the niche is displaced. If the change is very fast, say two degrees per 100 years or so, the coral won't be able to catch up with the displacement of its niche.
Re:The bigger issue (Score:4, Informative)
Worldwide, malaria is a leading cause of death. Freezing deaths are negligable.
2. easier/quicker ocean navigation due to new polar routes
You don't mention the accompanying sea level rise and coastal flooding which is a somewhat more serious effect.
3. less road/bridge corrosion due to less salt usage
and less need for roads and bridges with a lower population.
4. coral reefs can be planted in new areas that haven't had them before
Corals are highly adapted to conditions of nutrients, temperature and salinity so this may not work out real well.
5. New agricultural lands in Asia and N. America will open up that should be a net positive on food balance
Where? Agricultural land needs soil. Soil exists where plants have been growing for a long time. Sand and rock are not arable.
Re:The bigger issue (Score:4, Interesting)
1) Global plant biomass up 6% since the 1970s due to more CO2, and longer growing seasons. A big win on dozens of fronts, but two bear particular mention:
Plant biomass can go up as a whole, but the effect of CO2 fertilization is strongly limited by water and nutrient availability, which in many regions will go down. Longer growing seasons do not occur everywhere, but only in places that don't get too hot or too dry.
3) Increased crop yields, contributing to making the famines that used to regularly afflict India, China, etc. a thing of the past.
Increased crop yields have far more to do with agricultural practices than CO2 fertilization or climate change. Furthermore, even when crop yield goes up, nutritional content often goes down: the planets are bigger but not as good for you.
4) Decreased mortality. Deaths increase from a one degree drop in temperature at around four times the rate of a one degree rise in temperature.
That contradicts other studies I've read, but now I have to do some hunting for them.
5) Extra calamari! Squids get bigger and grow faster in warmer oceans.
Ocean acidification, ecosystem stress, forced migration
6) Fewer typhoons/hurricanes/etc., due to increase in wind shear making them less likely to form.
The studies I've read indicate that hurricane numbers stay constant or increase, not decrease, and that hurricane strength may increase.
7) Better beer! There's no water more pure than that from melting ice caps.
Your one sided story neglects all the other negative impacts of climate change (sea level rise, drought, flooding, heat waves, abrupt threshold responses in the climate system), etc., and also neglects the difference between the climate change which has occurred so far, and the much larger change which is predicted to occur in the future.
Re:The bigger issue (Score:4, Informative)
Re:The bigger issue (Score:5, Informative)
Immediate action?? (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Immediate action?? (Score:4, Funny)
Business as usual (Score:3, Insightful)
Fox and Co think that the world consist only of USA, news at 10.
They have looked solely at the USA graphs and completely ignored the world ones which are the ones that look really scary. They have also declared the problem with the USA data analysis to be a flaw in the data for the whole world.
Is anyone surprised? I am not...
Re:Business as usual (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Business as usual (Score:5, Insightful)
We desperately need to remember that scientists and politicians have an intersection, but the vast majority of them don't have anything to do with each other. A scientist who seeks to prove Einstein wrong isn't some Einstein-hating nutjob (typically). In fact, they're performing the most valuable task that the scientific method sets forth: seeking to disprove. By attempting and failing, we learn more about the value of a theory. By attempting and succeeding, we learn more about the theory's weaknesses, and often improve upon it.
Let's not start marching toward those scientists who seek flaws in global climate change research with pitchforks and torches (or rather, let's stop doing so), and instead seek to pressure the media and politicians into supporting them and their less skeptical peers without confusing the issue by politicizing results too early. We need even more funding than we have for those who seek to assail the consensus, not because we think it will fall, but because that's what the scientific method demands. Anything less is not science, it's just politics in a lab coat.
Whither the hype? (Score:3, Insightful)
The bigger story I see in TFA's graphs is: we're looking at an increase of less than 1 degree C per century.
What's the fuss?
Honestly... (Score:5, Insightful)
Re: (Score:3, Funny)
Well, maybe not in your field. In my field, I could've seen Dijkstra making such a statement concerning the continued use of GOTO. I don't think it would've made it into a proper EWD and I do
Re:Honestly... (Score:4, Interesting)
Is it possible that conservatives have been too quick to support the captains of industry?
Those (in leadership positions) who desire to shift away from political gay/abortion/Jesus activism and towards things like helping the poor and conserving the environment are mostly told to STFU & get back on message. "They" don't want to split the consideral political capital that's built up behind the religious conservative bloc.
Religion has always influenced politics, but IMO, in the last 30 years, politics has been corrupting religion.
A solution to all of this FUD... (Score:3, Insightful)
If all of the data were released in this fashion, in one central "trusted" place, one could assume that as more and more analysts take a gander - themes will appear and more and more of the graphs could be trusted.
Not global warming. Global climate change. (Score:5, Interesting)
The nice thing about it is that the majority of us will live to see the changes. We are in for some interesting times over the next 30-50 years.
Re:Not global warming. Global climate change. (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Not global warming. Global climate change. (Score:4, Insightful)
What exactly do you think is going to happen then? We'll all sit down, sing Kumbaya, and work out a peaceable solution, with the rich folk voluntarily slashing their standard of living so we can all subsist?
I think it would be pretty hard to say that unless we make some serious changes in the way we do things, 250m violent deaths will be the "good old days". Assuming we don't completely destroy ourselves while fighting over water, energy, and food.
I hope you're right, but I don't see the basis for your optimism.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Carbon Credits stirred it up (Score:3, Insightful)
At least most people have given up on saying it isn't happening at all - a lot of opponents have moved to saying it's a purely solar effect. Watching the oil industry they are fairly split too so they can't be blamed - it's governments stirring up the mess and whether they are right or wrong Lysenkoism is taking over in US science and wreaking havoc. I would hate to be a climate scientist caught in the middle having the choice of either potentially career ending ridicule or government funding.
Usufruct (Score:5, Informative)
Usufruct is the legal right to derive profit or benefit from the property of others. It comes from the latin roots for "use" and "fruits," in the sense that you are using the fruits of someone else's labor.
Wikipedia [wikipedia.org]
Merriam-Webster's Dictionary [m-w.com]
a legal Dictionary [lectlaw.com]
In the case of Hansen's second email [columbia.edu], he is, I think, using it to describe how captains of industry are benefitting from the global warming nay-sayers' spin on this correction. He also uses it in the sense that successive generations have a right and claim to the enjoy the Earth, so we'd better take care of it, even as we benefit from it.
Re:Usufruct (Score:5, Informative)
You left out the most important part: "as long as the property is not damaged." He's saying we have a right to use the Earth, but we don't have a right to damage it.
Isn't this the expected response (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:Isn't this the expected response (Score:4, Informative)
typical mud-slinging (Score:5, Informative)
More understandably, they neglected to mention that May 1934 was some of the worst weather to hit the US for a long time, and it wiped out the agriculture of many states, it was called the "Dust Bowl". And it was caused by agriculture concerns that had no concern whatsoever for the environment. So they are pointing back to an earlier environmental disaster.
Re:typical mud-slinging (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:Then will someone explain to me... (Score:5, Informative)
Re: (Score:3)
Where would he show these, if putting them in the FA isn't the right place?
Re:"Global" Warming (Score:4, Insightful)
The maps he shows are global. You didn't RTFA.
Re:Yes, credibility is the issue (Score:5, Informative)
In fact, Media Matters has never received funding from progressive philanthropist George Soros. [mediamatters.org]
See how easy that was?
Poisoning the well, alive and well. (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Cerial (Score:4, Insightful)
Re: (Score:3, Funny)
Re:.001 degree? (Score:5, Informative)
Someone drank the whole pitcher of kool-aid (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:Someone drank the whole pitcher of kool-aid (Score:5, Interesting)
Data quality is a major issue with global warming. If the numbers aren't right, we don't really know what's going on. This is just one more case of obfuscation hiding error and the AGW proponents falling back to the nearest trench line and adopting the same shoddy tactics of delay, deny, and obfuscate on data quality issues.
This is not how real science is done and that's why so many people who know and love the scientific method and its fruits have a growing unease about the whole AGW enterprise. Can you blame them?
The US is reputed to have one of the best temp sensor networks in the world and I believe has the only organized effort to go to original sources and check stations. Yet instead of calling for a review of all the data and figuring out, for real, how bad the problem is, what we get is a political effort to firewall the contamination and an implied "let's not bother" checking the rest. Real science is "trust but verify". Climate science seems to have a strain of something else going on.