Stories
Slash Boxes
Comments

News for nerds, stuff that matters

Slashdot Log In

Log In

Create Account  |  Retrieve Password

Minor Leak Being Investigated Aboard the ISS

Posted by Zonk on Fri Nov 30, 2007 04:00 PM
from the wasn't-aware-there-was-such-a-thing-as-a-minor-leak-in-space dept.
Josh Fink writes "Space.com is reporting that the International Space Station has a minor atmosphere leak. 'An inspection of a vestibule bridging the station's new Harmony connecting module and NASA's Destiny laboratory indicated a slight air leak of about three pounds (1.3 kilograms) per day ..A close-up inspection of the vestibule seal by the station's three-astronaut Expedition 16 crew using an ultrasonic leak detector found no trace of a leak on Wednesday, [NASA spokesperson Lynette Madison] said. Studies of the station's overall internal pressure also found no signs of decay, she added.' While this is yet another technical issue with the ISS, when will this end? I am all for the space program, but there have been some major issues lately."
+ -
story

Related Stories

[+] Why ISS Computers Failed 324 comments
Geoffrey.landis writes "It was only a small news item four months ago: all three of the Russian computers that control the International Space Station failed shortly after the Space Shuttle brought up a new solar array. But why did they fail? James Oberg, writing in IEEE Spectrum, details the detective work that led to a diagnosis." The article has good insights into the role the ISS plays as a laboratory for US-Russian technology cooperation — something that is likely to be crucial in any manned Mars mission.
[+] More Solar Panel Problems For ISS 118 comments
rufey writes "This week there have been two pieces of bad news from the International Space Station. First was the discovery of metal shavings inside a problematic rotary joint used to keep one set of solar panels in the optimal position for power generation. At the close of a subsequent spacewalk, after it was relocated to its permanent location, the unfurling of the 4B solar panel resulted in it tearing in two places. A spacewalk is now planned for November 4th to attempt to fix the tear. The upcoming spacewalk is not without risks, including the remote possibility of electrocution since it is impossible to stop the solar panel from generating electricity during the repair attempt. NASA says the ripped wing needs to be fixed or the solar rotary joint problem solved before any more shuttles can fly to the space station and continue construction. With a hard deadline of 2010 for Shuttle retirement, NASA does not have much wiggle room in the schedule in order to finish ISS construction."
This discussion has been archived. No new comments can be posted.
The Fine Print: The following comments are owned by whoever posted them. We are not responsible for them in any way.
 Full
 Abbreviated
 Hidden
More
Loading... please wait.
  • by SIGALRM (784769) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:00PM (#21537745) Journal

    I am all for the space program, but there have been some major issues lately
    Being "for the space program" requires some acceptance of the massive risks inherent in manned space travel. If mechanical systems are design-simplified it may reduce points of failure.

    KERMIt, a "Kit for External Repair of Module Impacts", is one of those simple systems being developed at Marshall Research to seal punctures in the ISS. It will enable crewmembers to seal punctures from outside damaged modules that have lost atmospheric pressure. Delivery of the kit is scheduled for next year. KERMIt is also useful for sealing leaking atmospheric seals as TFF article describes (more info here [nasa.gov]).
    • Problems never end (Score:5, Insightful)

      by YA_Python_dev (885173) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:07PM (#21537819) Journal
      I agree.

      While this is yet another technical issue with the ISS, when will this end?
      Never. When you build something big, hardware or software, you will have problems. You can't expect to have everything always work the first time.

      When you encounter a problem you fix it, it's that simple.

      Remember: "The perfect is the enemy of the good." -- Voltaire

      • by Anonymous Coward on Friday November 30 2007, @04:51PM (#21538399)

        When you encounter a problem you fix it, it's that simple.

        And more importantly, you get better at fixing them. That's really why we're out there after all. We're gaining experience that can only be gained the real way.
          • by david.given (6740) <dg.cowlark@com> on Friday November 30 2007, @09:14PM (#21540607) Homepage Journal

            That said I have to wonder if the ISS could be bumped into a lower maintenance orbit and used as a hub for a bolo style rotating space station.

            It's too low as it is --- there's enough air resistance that it has to be reboosted at intervals to keep it in orbit. (It has to be that low because otherwise the shuttles can't get there. They have lousy range.) Lowering the orbit any further would be very dangerous.

            As for spinning it (you did mean bola, right? Unless you were actually thinking of giant robotic tanks, which I will admit would be quite cool), not only is it not designed for that and would fall apart, but if you want gravity there's plenty on Earth, where it's quite cheap. One of the main purposes for getting into space is to get free fall.

            I rather regret that Mir was destroyed for purely political reasons. If the ISS was built as a set of add-on modules to Mir, gradually superseding Mir's own modules as they began to break down, construction could have gone a lot faster. Even if the Mir modules stopped working completely, they'd still have considerable value as salvage.

            Rather than a trip to the moon, I would be far more excited to hear about an ISS greenhouse that does all of the air and water maintenance.

            I want a balloon. A ten or twenty metre inflatable habitat module, semitransparent hopefully, in which plants a grown. Inflatables and plastics are the future of spaceflight; look at the cool stuff that Bigelow Aerospace are doing. But even they are simply replicating existing modules using inflatables. It ought to be possible to use the new materials to radically change the way space stations are built. How about a 100m wide spherical envelope, full of air, with your space station built inside? Now, that would be cool, particularly once you have a decent amount of plant life in there...

      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        When you build something big, hardware or software, you will have problems. You can't expect to have everything always work the first time.

        Or even the n th time. A system as large and complex as the ISS will always have problems. Period.
    • by Anonymous Coward on Friday November 30 2007, @04:11PM (#21537859)
      guys... I work for nasa on the space station program... i am amazed at how people frame the detection and fixing of problems on the space station are such a negative thing... the space station construction is so incredibly difficult and complex... and when we have issues, people point them out as never ending. This is the 2nd space station... compare that to the 2nd airplane.

      And the biggest thing that amazes me is that these problems are the biggest reason to have the space station!!! We have to learn how to fly in space long term... and fix problems just like these!! what kind of problems do you think we will have when we go to the moon and mars?? do people honestly think if we just drop what we are doing and took off trying to get to mars, we would find out just how much learning we have left to do.

      overall, i think the american public is left feeling ashamed of the problems they see on the ISS, instead of being proud of the accomplishment because they don't really comprehend just how insane the Apollo successes were, and how ahead of their time they were. We really do have a lot left to learn about flying in space and fixing things in space with the materials in place, and unless we want to take insane risks and costs like were done in the Apollo program, we need to do that with the space station.

      these problems... their detection, isolation, and recovery, are the greatest asset of the space station.
    • by iminplaya (723125) <.iminplaya. .at. .gmail.com.> on Friday November 30 2007, @04:28PM (#21538065) Journal
      Being "for the space program" requires some acceptance of the massive risks inherent in manned space travel.

      You're not kidding. The submitter's complaint is like bitching about the Wright Brother's airplane not being able to fly 100 people across the Atlantic by the end of 1904. The thing is an experiment, ok? Some problems may be due to poor decision making, but I think we can still cut them some slack here. This is not like the Challenger disaster where I believe upper management committed criminal negligence for political expediency. They were warned about that impending failure to the point that the TV news reporters were discussing it before launch. So they got a leak. Use it to ventilate the bathroom.
    • KERMIT's a weird name for a chewing gum?
    • by fahrbot-bot (874524) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:32PM (#21538127)
      KERMIt, a "Kit for External Repair of Module Impacts", is one of those simple systems being developed at Marshall Research to seal punctures in the ISS.

      The kit contains foil and a pack of Tropical Fruit Bubbalicious...

    • by Anonymous Coward on Friday November 30 2007, @04:57PM (#21538511)
      The purpose of the ISS is to learn how to build and maintain large facilities in space. It is a learning process. My question to those that use issues like this as a reason to criticize the ISS is simple: Would you rather have this kind of problem come up on a lunar base where the crew was three days, not two hours from safety? How about on a Mars mission where there was no chance of sending repair parts or rescuing the crew? It is far better to discover issues like this, or the torn solar panel, or the metal shavings they found in an array rotary junction, now and figure out how to deal with it and prevent it from happening again in the wading pool of low Earth orbit rather than in the deep ocean of space.
  • by Anonymous Monkey (795756) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:02PM (#21537759)
    Just wondering, but did a blue box show up on the IIS?
  • I Agree! (Score:5, Funny)

    by Anonymous Coward on Friday November 30 2007, @04:03PM (#21537767)
    It's like, when I drive to Dallas to Houston I don't have any problems. But when NASA tries to build a space station in orbit stuff goes wrong!

    What is up with that?
  • by taniwha (70410) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:05PM (#21537787) Homepage Journal
    hopefully never - the whole point is it's an engineering experiment, if nothing fails they won't learn anything, it'll just be a bunch of guys sitting around wondering what they're doing there
      • by MightyYar (622222) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:20PM (#21537945)

        Besides, learning that something got stuck on the seal before they connected the two segments would hardly be a valuable scientific discovery.
        That isn't necessarily the case. It would show that their current procedure of ensuring a clean seal is either not good enough, or the seal is not robust enough to handle unavoidable amount of contamination. In either case, it is better to discover this in low earth orbit than on the moon or on Mars.
  • by TooMuchToDo (882796) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:05PM (#21537807)

    While this is yet another technical issue with the ISS, when will this end? I am all for the space program, but there have been some major issues lately."

    Going to space is hard. It shouldn't stop us from doing it. Issues will crop up.

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      That and we're doing it on the cheap. Even at the height of the Apollo program we were still spending less as a percentage of GDP on exploration than the Spanish had during Columbus's time or the Persians or Romans had during their time. Americans like to think of ourselves as explorers, but as a nation we really aren't really into funding exploration like many of our predecessors, we're a lot more like China, fairly isolationists with occasional small forays outside.
  • by wizardforce (1005805) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:12PM (#21537867) Journal

    While this is yet another technical issue with the ISS, when will this end? I am all for the space program, but there have been some major issues lately."
    it's probably a leak about the size of a needle hole hidden somewhere out of reach with a simple leak test. it wouldn't need much, 1.3 kg of air is about 1 cubic meter in size leaking over a day's time. considering there's about 10N/cm^2 force and the force exerted by a moving column of air is mv^2 while the density m is 1.28 kg/m^3 solving for the size of a hole required to vent the gas is about 2mm in diameter if back of the envelope calculations are correct [probably not but you get my point]
    • by kebes (861706) on Friday November 30 2007, @05:06PM (#21538631) Journal
      Sounds about right. I just ran it through some simple effusion equations (kinetic gas laws). Assuming that the amount of air escaping is 1.3 kg (1.14 m^3), and that the volume of the room it is escaping from is ~200 m^3 (apparently [wikipedia.org] the total final size of the ISS is 1000 m^3), and that the ISS is pressurized to 101.3 kPa (the Wikipedia article says that it is), then we can calculate the time for 1/200 of the air (0.5%) to escape, as a function of the hole diameter. It turns out that a hole of diameter 0.15 mm will lead to that kind of rate of pressure loss (1 m^3 in the first day).

      Needles to say, the effusion equations have various assumptions built into them, and I had to make all kinds of assumptions about the values... but at least to within order-of-magnitude, this suggests a pinhole-sized leak.


      Details for anyone who cares: The effusion equation can be derived similar to the conventional gas law expressions, by calculating the number of molecules per unit area that impinge on a wall section of a certain size (the hole). (We assume a container in vacuum, so that any molecule that impinges on the hole is lost irreversibly to the outside.) The equation, as you might expect, turn out to be exponential decays (since the derivation incorporates the decreasing internal pressure as air is lost):

      N(t)/N_total = exp( -(A/V)*sqrt(k*T/2*pi*m)*t )

      or

      t = ( -(V/A)*sqrt(2*pi*m/k*T) )*ln(N(t)/N_total)

      where:
      t, time (until the given loss of atmosphere)
      V, volume of container
      A, surface area of hole
      m, mass of gas molecules
      T, temperature (~300 K for room temperature)
      k, Boltzmann constant [wikipedia.org]
      N(t), # molecules at time t
      N_total, total # molecules (initial quantity)
          • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

            Your formulas are a good first approximation. However, since we are not dealing with a fluid here, they don't work very well (plus I think you mixed up your numerator/denominator somewhere in there).

            Anyways, I am sorry for not being very clear in my previous post.

            Here is the reasoning: number of molecules that escape depend on the opening area, the time, and the number of collisons. The collisions depend on the pressure, temperature, and the molecular mass only (the formula is p * sqrt(1/(2 k T m)) where P
  • by Anonymous Coward
    where are those astronaut diapers when ya need them?/
  • While this may sound funny, but isn't that a lot. While air does have weight how much air is 3 lbs? The area over vermont 10' deep?
    • Re:3 lbs a day!? (Score:4, Informative)

      by wizardforce (1005805) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:25PM (#21538011) Journal
      air has a density of about 1.28 kilograms per cubic meter so 1.3 kilograms of air occupies a space just over 1 cubic meter in size, in this case it is 35.9 cubic feet of air to be exact. The fact it has some easily measurable density allows for helium balloons to remain in the air as well as airplanes to shuffle large amounts of air around to create significant lift. the amount of energy air turbines generate depends on the density of air being as high as it is otherwise the airspeed required to produce any amount of power would be much higher if the density were lower.
    • presuming dry air at sea-level pressure (no idea on the humidity/pressure up on the ISS), it's a little more than 1 cubic metre or 1000 litres.
    • One mole of any gas at STP fills 22.4L. Air is roughly 70% N2 and 30% O2. The formula weight of N2 is 14g/mol, and that of O2 is 16g/mol. There are 453g/lb. You can work out the rest yourself.
    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      While this may sound funny, but isn't that a lot. While air does have weight how much air is 3 lbs? The area over vermont 10' deep?
      If you took an invisible column and surrounded the Eiffel Tower, the air inside that column would weigh more than the steel structure.
  • Cues (Score:3, Funny)

    by Bearpaw (13080) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:13PM (#21537889)
    Cue human missions vs automated missions debate.

    Cue government space programs vs private space programs debate.

    (At least the breathing oxygen vs breathing vacuum debate would be short.)
    • End debate (Score:4, Insightful)

      by geekoid (135745) <.dadinportland. .at. .yahoo.com.> on Friday November 30 2007, @04:22PM (#21537969) Homepage Journal
      "Cue human missions vs automated missions debate."
      Both.

      "Cue government space programs vs private space programs debate."
      Government for pushing new boundaries, private for established routine stuff.

      "
      (At least the breathing oxygen vs breathing vacuum debate would be short.)"
      I can't weigh in on this one because I couldn't hear what the guy in vacuum was saying...
  • They don't end. From the 60s computer with faulty radio tubes to todays supercomputer-in-a-console, technical problems shows up every time and never mind mechanics with all that wear and tear and partially working stuff rather than "simple" 0s and 1s. We progress by fixing them, then we push the envelope a little further and run into new ones. Seriously, sometimes it sounds like we haven't learned *anything* about space travel since 1969 and that's just not true. The things we can do something about is a lo
  • ... would be worse if they had to learn to deal with these problems in Mars orbit.
  • Space is hard (Score:5, Insightful)

    by geekoid (135745) <.dadinportland. .at. .yahoo.com.> on Friday November 30 2007, @04:18PM (#21537933) Homepage Journal
    but to quote some guy:
    "We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too." - JFK

    http://www.quotesandsayings.com/sjfk.htm [quotesandsayings.com]

    Yeah, it's hard and complex. We will learn how to make maintenance of those systems routine and automated. We will continue to look forward, we must less we stagnate and die. The fate of the Dinosaurs will be our fate as well if we don't diversify off this rock. There are a lot of steps between here and the next habitable planet. Whether it's habitable because nature forms more planets like ours, or habitable because we terrorformed it makes no matter.
  • by corsec67 (627446) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:21PM (#21537957) Homepage Journal
    FTA: "a slight air leak of about three pounds (1.3 kilograms) per day".
    I hate to break it to this reporter, but on the ISS, a pound is a large number of kilograms, since they are in microgravity. Pound is a unit of weight, and gram is a unit of mass. The conversion between them depends on the gravity that the object is experiencing, which in this case is almost none, so the 1.3 kilograms of air is almost 0 pounds.
  • After all, Columbus, DeGama, Balboa, Cortez, Magellan - they all had flawless journeys of exploration, didn't they?
  • There needs to be sufficient tools and supplies that any of these problems can be fixed without sending up a 5 Billion dollar delivery. This would be an ideal spot for a 3D printer, even if it was very expensive. Need a part? Make and customize, 3 hours...
  • Send 'em a can of industrial grade great stuff [dow.com].



    (ducks)

  • by Lurker2288 (995635) on Friday November 30 2007, @04:29PM (#21538085)
    I totally saw this in a movie once. All they need to do is open a prominently featured can of Dr. Pepper and let the soda spraying out through the hull show them where the leak is. Caveat: this plan carries a small risk of vaccuum-freezing Tim Robbins.
  • Quoth the poster: While this is yet another technical issue with the ISS, when will this end? I am all for the space program, but there have been some major issues lately.

    Yet another round of bugs were discovered in several major operating systems and userland packages. I'm all for operating systems, user software, and advances in computing technology. but there have been some major issues lately. I vote we give up and go back to the abacus and using smoke signals to communicate.

  • by sohp (22984) <snewton.io@com> on Friday November 30 2007, @04:56PM (#21538489) Homepage
    Seriously, the story of the space program is not "we did so well nothing went wrong" but, "when things went wrong we used our guts and brains and fixed them"

    Examples:

    Gemini 8 thruster stuck. Armstrong was able to regain control and return safely home.
    Apollo 11 landing 1201 and 1202 program alarms. Programmers on the ground and flight engineers were able to rapidly determine that the alarms posed no threat and the landing continued to success.
    Apollo 13. Catastrophic explosion disabled the service module. The astronauts returned home safely using the LEM as a lifeboat and some creative navigation.
    Skylab launch: Ripped off a solar panel and part of the outer skin. Astronauts were able to rig a replacement screen to cool inside of the lab and open the other solar panel that was stuck partly open. Three expeditions extended the time in space records and recorded what was then the most detail solar observations ever.
    STS-49: Multiple attempts to capture and return an Intelsat satellite failed, but a final attempt involving the shuttle commander flying directly to the satellite and it being hand-captured by 3 spacewalkers succeeded.

    There are plenty more, including the recent working solving problems with stuck and torn solar panels.

    Incidentally, these kinds of things are why I favor human spaceflight over robots for complex and difficult challenges.
  • Idiot OP? (Score:3, Interesting)

    by dotancohen (1015143) on Friday November 30 2007, @05:35PM (#21538877) Homepage

    While this is yet another technical issue with the ISS, when will this end? I am all for the space program, but there have been some major issues lately.
    Are you kidding? Do you not have any idea how fucking complex and unique the ISS is? My 2008 Ford Focus has gone in for repairs three times in the four months that I've owned it, and Ford has been building those motherfuckers for over 100 years now. The ISS is the third of it's kind, designed and built from scratch and completely hand made. In space! By people wearing spacesuits! You don't expect a problem every now and then?!? I'd go so far as to say that problems are the major mission of the ISS. The creation and solving of problems is building experience for NASA, the Russians, the Europeans, and everybody else involved. Not to mention those brave guys up there actually manning the thing. Problems or not, the ISS is one hell of an achievement. The fact that it hasn't killed anybody yet is either a miracle or testimony to the amazing engineering that has been invested in it.
  • by Phat_Tony (661117) on Friday November 30 2007, @07:02PM (#21539729) Homepage
    At $20,000 per pound [usatoday.com] to deliver more air with the space shuttle, it's very expensive air their losing, at $60,000 worth of air per day. How long would it take to leak a minor scientific research project out of the budget?
    • I think a better analogy would be a haemophiliac with a small cut on his (or her) finger: something that has to be addressed, certainly, but not immediately life threatening.

      Each module was independantly sealed as the station was built. Would it not be possible to 'close the door' on each module, all at once or by turns, and locate, at least generally, the leak?