Radioactive Warning for Future Generations 468
tengu1sd writes "The Los Angeles Times discusses the problems with trying to leave a message for generations down the line. From the article: 'Symbols tend to lose their meaning over time. Exactly how and why Stonehenge was built, for instance, has long remained a mystery. Warnings, they argue, would be misunderstood or dismissed, the same way ancient grave robbers ignored curses inscribed on the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs to seize the riches inside. The curse of plutonium packs a painful penalty.'"
Simple solution (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:Simple solution (Score:5, Funny)
Warning, Lawyers buried here.
No-one will ever dig it up.
-nB
Re:Simple solution (Score:5, Informative)
FTFA
Re:Simple solution (Score:2)
Re:Simple solution (Score:4, Interesting)
As the FTA points out, people who robbed the pyramids in Egypt didn't pay any attention to the warnings about curses and such... we can't be sure that a potentially uneducated group of future beings will believe all that mumbo jumbo about radioactivity.
Re:Simple solution (Score:4, Informative)
For that matter, I can see scientists not leaving well enough alone and digging in there to find out what the horrible hazard is.
Personally, I think that it's sad that we're this worried about the stuff and harming 'future generations'. Besides, most high-level waste is very recyclable, and what remains would be 'safe' radioactive wise within a thousand years. Warnings written in English, Spanish, Chinese(same written language, remember?), Japanese, Arabic, and Latin should be fairly easy to translate for longer than that. I'd throw Hebrew in there as it's seemed to survive well over time. Heck, we might just be making the Rosetta Stone of the future! On the other hand, Navajo? Isn't that pretty close to a dead language already?
For that matter, if we bury it right, by the time anybody has the skills/technology to dig a half mile down into the earth they should be technologically advanced enough to know most of the hazards.
Finally:
A third plaque was pried off, perhaps as a souvenir. According to earlier visitors, it read, in plain English, "This site will remain dangerous for 24,000 years."
This makes me think, but at what level of dangerous? Hiroshima and Nagasaki were rebuilt and are inhabited today. Would a society at a victorian technological level even have the average lifespan to notice minor radiation poisoning?
Re:Simple solution (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:Simple solution (Score:4, Informative)
Try 90%+ recyclable, depending upon the reactor you took it out of and what you're looking to put it into. Also, no need to wait a thosand years, 40-60 seems to be enough. The problem you run into is that it's so radioactive when it first comes out of the reactor that handling it safely is difficult. So you move it just enough to place it into a containment pool. After spending a decade or two in that, it's something like 1% as radioactive as when it came out. Some point after that, you stick it in a cask to free up your pool, as it's now not generating enough heat to need active cooling/monitoring. After 20-40 years in that, you crack the cask and recycle the now relativly cool materials without the need for extreme radiation measures.
At least, that's what Bush is looking at doing.
Re:Simple solution (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Simple solution (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Simple solution (Score:5, Funny)
Yeah, um, curses? Should I worry about black cats too?
Re:Simple solution (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Simple solution (Score:3, Funny)
Radioactive mutant zombies? Pfff! (Score:3, Funny)
I say we build a necropolis there.
What says "deadly danger" more than a bunch of stiffs?
Re:Simple solution (Score:2)
Sounds like a pyramid....
I want to investigate already!
Re:Simple solution (Score:2)
Boy, you'll like the following paragraphs of the article! : )
Re:Simple solution (Score:2)
Navejo? (Score:2)
Stonehennge 2 ??? (Score:3, Funny)
Burial in Ancient Rock! (Score:3, Insightful)
It would be surrounded by 48 granite or concrete markers, 32 outside the berm and 16 inside, each 25 feet high and weighing 105 tons,
Or here's another thought: just bury it.
Bury it in a pluton of ancient rock, several hundred meters down, as most current proposals suggest. When the site is filled, backfill it with concrete from the top to the bottom of the shaft.
Any society with sufficient resources (technology, tools, time) to cut through that to see what we buried will also undoubtedly have an archaeo
Re:Burial in Ancient Rock! (Score:5, Insightful)
Again, any society capable of getting there will also have discovered the periodicity of chemistry...
So, you're saying that before 1896 the human race would have been incapable of mining out a couple of hundred metres of concrete? Any pharoah worth his salt could have that concrete shaft carved into a tasteful spiral staircase within his lifetime.Re:Simple solution (Score:3, Informative)
Re:Simple solution (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Simple solution (Score:2)
That may make sense to most people, but it might not be true. Catullus was quite unpopular in Roman times, looked down upon as an inferior poet, but today he is up there with Horace and Ovid. Maybe a couple thousand years from now, people will be studying Star Trek: Enterprise. It's hard to imagine now, but Catullus himself wouldn't have guessed he would survive twenty-one centuries.
Re:Simple solution (Score:5, Funny)
A cantilcle for leibowitz (Score:3, Informative)
Re:A cantilcle for leibowitz (Score:5, Insightful)
It's not a decidedly Catholic book, although the author was a member of the church and some issues like euthanasia and seperation of church and state enter into the story line. The Catholic chuch has maintained Apostolic succession for 2,000 years and is basically independent of political boundaries, so if any entity seems capable of enduring a nuclear war, the Catholic church is it, and it is a fitting structure for the plot to make use of.
The church did not exist in the book for the purpose of preserving the works. The church was there, as it was before the war, to try to understand and bring humanity closer to God. One order of the church was founded on the idea that preserving the technology of the past could aid in that, just like Mother Theresa's Sister's of Charity was founded for providing care to the poor.
A big tunnel filled with stuff that makes people sick hardly seems like something that could effectively inspire a religious devotion. At the very least, it would make a poor premise for a religion and an rather uninspiring reason to maintain an order. I think merely attempting to maintain the message that the stuff in the tunnel should be left alone (with further details for any potentially advanced civillization) is going to be the safest way to handle this.
Away from the fictional side of things, while I think some measures should be taken to make it clear that the waste is a hazard, I doubt it will be a problem. First of all, I don't believe a massive collapse of civillization and loss of scientific knowledge will happen. We're unaware of anything like that happening in our past (discounting myths like Atlantis). Secondly, this isn't going to be easily accessible. The Yucca Mountain proposal places the waste something like 1000 feet down. It's also all in a very hard and chemically stable ceramic form, encased in concrete and steel. It will be hard for anybody dumb to get to and get out of the tunnel. Finally, it would not be the first time mankind has discovered harmful things. Bubonic plague comes to mind as one thing we handled in our history.
Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:A cantilcle for leibowitz (Score:3, Insightful)
You accidentaly added three zeros to that number. And you spelt days wrong.
Use a skull, DOH! (Score:3, Insightful)
Very Easy Solution. (Score:5, Funny)
If civilization ever devolves to the point where English is no longer recognized/understood, then guess what?
The cavemen who have replaced us won't be our problem to deal with. We'll all be happily dead.
Seriously, if such a warning is ever needed, to hell with Humanity 2.0. I can see it now:
Ogg (sipping a skull full of blood): Me say, is nice of other human to warn us of glowy shiny.
Eck (nodding his head before picking something out of his hair and eating it): Mmmm. Yes, is pity they stupid and bash selves.
Ogg and Eck: Ahahahahaha!
Well, screw you, future savages - may you all wilt and die from radiation poisoning.
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:2)
Perhaps you should examine the Star Trek:TNG episode "Thine Own Self". This shows how a civilization might handle radioactive material. The stuff may get passed around as different curious people try to analyze it, and everyone gets radiation poisoning.
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:5, Funny)
Hwæt! We Gardena in geardagum, eodcyninga, rym gefrunon hu ða æelingas ellen fremedon.
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:5, Insightful)
Oh - wait, you've proved my point. English may change, but the knowledge to decipher it isn't likely to disappear.
Try to keep in mind that there's almost certainly never going to be another 'Dark Ages'. The world's population is a damned sight higher, and the idea that every last person who understands English is just going to disappear off the face of the planet is ludicrous, at best.
We have no Library of Alexandria to burn to the ground - in the US alone, we have libraries in every moderately sized town. Not to mention countless brick and mortar stores. And college campuses. And elementary schools.
And let's not forget the Internet(tm). While reading it on the Internet doesn't make it true, there's a hell of a lot of knowledge that's scattered across the world.
So, where is Rome, that it might fall and plunge the world into the damnable darkness? Rome no longer exists, and that weakpoint of our civilization has been condemned with her.
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:3, Insightful)
A Biological Weapon is accidentally released. In an attempt to protect the population, nuclear weapons are fired at supposed infection hot-spots. Anarchy errpupts as the deaths from this plague start killing all over the world, spread by the rap
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:3, Interesting)
compare old English (around year 1000) to modern English. a good deal of change. then multiply that change by a factor of about 15.
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:5, Funny)
Imagine a Beowulf cluster of these!
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:2)
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:2)
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:3, Funny)
EVERYBODY can understand that.
Re:Very Easy Solution. (Score:3, Interesting)
I can tell any Roman "E pluribus unim" and "res ipsa loquitur." "Caveat emptor" "contra referendum"
Yeah, I'm fluent. I just can't say anything useful.
Just post it on the internet (Score:4, Funny)
Solution + another Question (Score:2, Interesting)
In response to the problem of symbols losing their meaning: haven't any of these people read "Contact"? Use prime numbers -it doesn't matter what language you speak, prime numbers are the same to everyone!
In response to the problem itself (how to warn future generations about a dangerous radioactive stockpile underground) why are we so concerned about future generations 100,000 years from now, and not even concerned with our own well-being? Get on the global warming problem and curbing nuke proliferation
Re:Solution + another Question (Score:2, Insightful)
In response to the problem of symbols losing their meaning: haven't any of these people read "Contact"? Use prime numbers -it doesn't matter what language you speak, prime numbers are the same to everyone!
Are you kidding? I can't tell.
If I give you the sequence 43, 7, 23, 119, what does that mean? A short story? A warning? A name? Prime numbers aren't a language, they have no inherent semantics.
Future Fallen... (Score:2)
We're talking about a warning system that hopefully would be understood by everyone from the Native Americans to the Mongol hordes, to Victorian adventurers over a span of 10,000 years.
Unfortuantely, history shows us that looters just think that warning = hidden treasure.
I think that a better solution would be putting the effort towards making sure
Re-read Contact. (Score:2)
The message was also coded from first principles, starting with true = true and true != false. A messgae of that kind long enough to talk about radioactive waste would be too long to be useful or have much chance of surviving. A better method would be to have a diagram of the periodic table, highlig
Tourist signs (Score:5, Funny)
Well, to crib an idea from Larry Niven ... (Score:5, Funny)
I'd opt for something cheaper. (Score:2)
Re:I'd opt for something cheaper. (Score:3, Informative)
Of course, this is hardly a long term solution to waste management, as the only reason why it works as a
Re:Well, to crib an idea from Larry Niven ... (Score:2)
By which I mean that (and this may shock you) the ground is not water proof.
Tell noone (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Tell noone (Score:2)
You can only hope that, like you said, if they're advanced enough to dig down a thousand feet, they're also advanced enough to know about radioactivity(and pay it mind). For tha
The monumental task of warning future generations (Score:4, Informative)
Brainstorming about WIPP in 10,000 years... (Score:3, Informative)
Take a look at excepts from the Expert Judgement on Markers to Deter Inadvertent Human Intrusion into the Waste Isolation Pilot Plan [vanderbilt.edu] for more comprehensive details on how they came up with these concepts, and the team(s) of multi-disciplinary researchers/scientists who worked on them.
If nothing else, I was reminded of other (fictional) mutli-disciplinary teams brainstorming about far-
also the biohazard symbol... (Score:2)
Plutoium Pack (Score:2)
And probably makes more sense millenia to come than the English phrase:
"Do not install this software, 'Duke Nuke 'em Forever', under any circumstances!"
there should be additional deterrants (Score:4, Interesting)
This may sound cruel, but I really think some attractively shiny sealed containers with neurotoxins or simple, stable, chemical poisons should be added in another layer under the surface. Perhaps they already plan to do this, and just don't want to make the information public. But would you rather a few people die on the surface, reinforcing the idea that the site is full of death, or let those people dig down and extract some of that waste, before expiring and leaving it out in the open on the surface, later? That would surely end up having a more catastrophic effect on local life.
Re:there should be additional deterrants (Score:5, Insightful)
"The people who built this put so much effort into deterring people from entering it. There must be something valuable inside."
weapon technology artifact (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:there should be additional deterrants (Score:2)
Knowing ancient Victorian customs, they'd be killing themselves one way or another. Mercury Enemas aren't too healthy either.
I use Victorian because I don't remember any other societies that were capable of reacing the waste, and stupid/ignorant enough to play with it.
Stupid (Score:2)
What warning is needed? (Score:5, Funny)
Re:What warning is needed? (Score:2)
Thats why I'm not worried about this. This stuff is going to be buried VERY deep, so in effect any civilization advanced enough to dig it up should be advanced enough to know whats in it, especially if you put basic atomic symbols and math on it.
Well, a bit late. (Score:2)
Plutonium is fuel, not waste (Score:5, Interesting)
The highly radioactive stuff we're struggling to "entomb forever" at Yucca Mountain is probably the same stuff we'll be scrambling to dig up and use as fuel 50 years from now.
Good idea. One problem. (Score:4, Interesting)
Nuclear reprocessing is a must. At the current rate of development and fuel use, uranium ore will run out 25+ years before we are due to have a commercially viable fusion reactor, never mind enough such reactors that fission reactors can all be replaced. Well, either reprocessing is a must, or we need to invest an order of magnitude more in fusion research, but Governments don't like funding speculative research much and the decades of fuel we currently have will outlast the career of any politician currently with sufficient influence to actually bring about radical funding programs.
However, if we do have reprocessing, it absolutely needs to be far better managed than BNFL can do. Oh, and don't get Group 4 to carry the nuclear fuel, either. They tend to lose things a lot.
Geiger Counters? (Score:2)
If not, then I think it likely that, oh, we have probably nuked ourselves back into the stone or iron age, and knowledge of radioactivity will be fairly moot, not to mention its omnipresence in such a scenario...
Either way, I think it is a far better idea to use Nuclear waste as FUEL in a nuclear reactor, as opposed to just waste... But then that
Solved. (Score:4, Insightful)
In the not so distant future... (Score:5, Insightful)
Cool! Pirate treasure!
Re: (Score:2)
Re:Solved. (Score:3, Funny)
As for any other nationalities, screw them. That's what they get for winning the war against us and occupying Yucca Mountain.
Bemopolis
Still quite effective (Score:2)
To whom may dig here (Score:5, Funny)
that my people left me some time ago. you are free to dig here to find it but
as a token of good faith I ask that you remit to my swiss bank account a small
fee that we will reimburse to you once the bullion is secured by you.
etc
Just translate that and no-one would dare bother digging.
Hedley
Just post it on slashdot (Score:4, Funny)
Re: (Score:2)
Really old idea (Score:2)
News?? ???
Re:Really old idea (Score:2)
will work just as well (Score:2)
Well, I'm sure a bunch of poison darts, spike gates coming out of the walls, and a large, rolling, crushing boulder would do the trick, too.
I know! (Score:2)
Really necessary? (Score:2)
Vitrification (Score:2)
Stamp on the logs the radioactive icon with a clock icon and a date.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitrification [wikipedia.org]
http://www.geomelt.com/ [geomelt.com]
Re: (Score:2)
They'll learn (Score:2, Insightful)
The best solution is to just use a well defined symbol, such as the nuclear hazard symbol we use now, and plaster it all over the place. The first time it's encountered, it won't mean anything. But after the 5th guy dies soon after building his hut near one o
keep it simple (Score:2)
The answer? Show what happens to those who cross into the area. Showing signs of a dead body encircling an area, while morbid, does get a point across. Vlad the impaler impaled his enemies in front of his castle/region and i'm sure people of many languages got the hint without a single written word.
But what if a future intelligent species doesn't look like a current human? Show a skeleton. Any type of semi-intelligent species would know how a body
Take the Gamble (Score:3, Insightful)
In the first scenario we continue our impressive technological progress and civilization does not collapse. In this case simple messages in major world languages and records in other places around the country plus the radioactivity itself will be more than enough to pass this information on to a civilization unimagineably more technically adept than we are. Likely this civilization will have found a much better solution for radioactive disposal (or will just want to reprocess the waste) but even if not we can count on them to be better able to solve the problem of warning people away thatn we are.
In short if we expect civilization to continue to progress we don't need to make warnings that will last for more than 500 years and english will accomplish that.
On the other hand if civilization does collapse and humanity returns to primitive existance it seems a bit silly to worry about this radioactive waste. If societal collapse is a serious worry then we should be putting this effort into caching technology and information to help rebuild civilization not making sure future cave-men avoid cancer. The harm from radioactivity is bad and sucks but it doesn't even register compared to the harms and loss of lifespan from global collapse of civilization. Heck, while some people might die discovering the mysterious deadly waves might even help civilization to rediscover scientific knowledge.
Overall I think a lot of this buisness is just silly. Before going and wasting all this time trying to communicate the danger first figure out in what scenarios it will be important to do that and then ask if in those scenarios these sort of warnings really are the most productive thing we can do to help.
The proper solution ... (Score:2)
Bury them in a subduction zone, deep in the ocean. As geologic time marches on, they will be pulled down into the earth, where they will be safe and secure until they emerge from some volcano (hint, lava is mildly radioactive from just this sort of thing occuring naturally -- it's one reason the Earth has a molten core).
These materials will resurface hundreds of thousands of years from now, at which point most of their radioactive decay wi
Re:The proper solution ... (Score:3, Interesting)
Up here we need about 75 nuclear plants and of course most Canadians have not come to grips with this idea either. But we need those plants and if we have them we'll make gasoline for our good friends just south of us.
So send all your nuclear waste up here. We do know what to do with it. Send up your nuclear engineers too. We need them also.
The answer is obvious (Score:5, Funny)
The warning in future English: (Score:2)
Try This One... (Score:3, Funny)
COBOL (Score:5, Funny)
Heck, write the damn thing in COBOL. After all, what better language to use than one that refuses to die despite every best effort to kill it?
Re:If we created it... (Score:2)
Re:If we created it... (Score:2, Informative)
Not especially hard. [wikipedia.org]
But it would require further research and the building of new reactors. Unfortunately the public seem to be scared of all things "nuclear" so politically, it wouldn't go over well. It is my suspicion (I'd like to see a survey to support or refute this) that the general public, in the US anyway, would rather just bury the existing waste and forget about nuclear power altogether because they see it as something dangerous and scary.
Re:If we created it... (Score:2)
Re: (Score:3, Informative)
Re:Nuclear Waste isn't a problem anyway (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Nuclear Waste isn't a problem anyway (Score:5, Informative)
Depleted uranium is uranium that has had most of the U235 separated out. Making it less radioactive than natural uranium
The average natural uranium content in topsoil is about 2 parts per million(that's without any contamination of any kind). Iraq has more than a trillion tons of topsoil. In the first meter of soil there is already more than two million tons of natural uranium. Adding a few thousand tons of depleted uranium will have no effect on the people of Iraq.
The effects of uranium are well known and have been studied by many countries other than the United States. You are just making up a conspiracy theory because you have no facts on your side.
Stonehenge is a good example of the problem (Score:3, Insightful)